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The article focuses on the military retreat or retrograde during the Battle of Chipyong-ni also known as the Battle of Dipingli that took place from February 13-15, 1951. Information regarding the intervention of the Chinese Communist during the Korean War, the leadership of lieutenant general (Lt. Gen.) Matthew B. Ridgway during the Second World War, and the significant role of colonel Paul L. Freeman as adviser of Chinese armed forces in the World War II, are discussed.

Details the operations of the U.S. Army at the Battle of Chipyong-ni in 1951 focusing on the importance of leadership at the organizational level. Practice of a more indirect organizational leadership role; Role of military leaders in building discipline and cohesion; Implications for military practice and operations.

The article describes the 1951 battle of Chipyong in Korea in which the 23rd U.S. Infantry Regiment under the command of Colonel Paul Freeman inflicted heavy casualties on Chinese Communist forces while covering the Eight Army's retreat. Freeman and his men, along with a French battalion commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Ralph Monclar, successfully foiled Chinese attacks. Freeman's perimeter was reinforced by 1st Cavalry Division tanks and wiped out remnants of the Communist attack.