Search

Wide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (WBG‐PSCs), when partnered with Si bottom cells in tandem configuration, can provide efficiencies up to 44%; yet, the development of stable, efficient, and scalable WBG‐PSCs is required. Here, the utility of the hybrid evaporation‐solution method (HESM) is investigated to meet these demanding requirements via its unique advantages including ease of control and reproducibility. A PbI2/CsBr layer is co‐evaporated followed by coating of organic‐halide solutions in a green solvent. Bandgaps between 1.55–1.67 eV are systematically screened by varying CsBr and MABr content. Champion efficiencies of 21.06% and 20.35% in cells and 19.83% and 18.73% in mini‐modules (16 cm2) for perovskites with 1.64 and 1.67 eV bandgaps are achieved, respectively. Additionally, 18.51%‐efficient semi‐transparent WBG‐PSCs are implemented in 4T perovskite/bifacial silicon configuration, reaching a projected power output of 30.61 mW cm−2 based on PD IEC TS 60904‐1‐2 (BiFi200) protocol. Despite similar bandgaps achieved by incorporating Br via MABr solution and/or CsBr evaporation, PSCs having a perovskite layer without MABr addition show significantly higher thermal and moisture stability. This study proves scalable, high‐performance, and stable WBG‐PSCs are enabled by HESM, hence their use in tandems and in emerging applications such as indoor photovoltaics are now within reach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: 4-Terminal inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells were made by using semi-transparent inorganic perovskite solar cells and narrow-bandgap organic solar cells as the sub-cells, yielding a power conversion efficiency of 22.34%, which is the highest efficiency for inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells. Inorganic perovskite solar cells made by drop-coating (self-spreading) gave much higher power conversion efficiency than the cells made by spin-coating, enabling perovskite/organic tandem solar cells with higher efficiency. After fast developing of single-junction perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells in the past 10 years, it is becoming harder and harder to improve their power conversion efficiencies. Tandem solar cells are receiving more and more attention because they have much higher theoretical efficiency than single-junction solar cells. Good device performance has been achieved for perovskite/silicon and perovskite/perovskite tandem solar cells, including 2-terminal and 4-terminal structures. However, very few studies have been done about 4-terminal inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells. In this work, semi-transparent inorganic perovskite solar cells and organic solar cells are used to fabricate 4-terminal inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells, achieving a power conversion efficiency of 21.25% for the tandem cells with spin-coated perovskite layer. By using drop-coating instead of spin-coating to make the inorganic perovskite films, 4-terminal tandem cells with an efficiency of 22.34% are made. The efficiency is higher than the reported 2-terminal and 4-terminal inorganic perovskite/organic tandem solar cells. In addition, equivalent 2-terminal tandem solar cells were fabricated by connecting the sub-cells in series. The stability of organic solar cells under continuous illumination is improved by using semi-transparent perovskite solar cells as filter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]