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Objective: Differential disease control may contribute to racial disparities in outcomes of childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE). We evaluated associations of race and individual‐ or neighborhood‐level social determinants of health (SDoH) with achievement of low lupus disease activity state (LLDAS), a clinically relevant treatment target. Methods: In this cSLE cohort study using the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry, the primary exposure was self‐reported race and ethnicity, and collected SDoH included insurance status and area deprivation index (ADI). Outcomes included LLDAS, disease activity, and time‐averaged prednisone exposure. Associations among race and ethnicity, SDoH, and disease activity were estimated with multivariable regression models, adjusting for disease‐related and demographic factors. Results: Among 540 children with cSLE, 27% identified as Black, 25% identified as White, 23% identified as Latino/a, 11% identified as Asian, 9% identified as more than one race, and 5% identified as other. More Black children (41%) lived in neighborhoods of highest ADI compared to White children (16%). Black race was associated with lower LLDAS achievement (adjusted odds ratio 0.56, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38–0.82) and higher disease activity (adjusted β 0.94, 95% CI 0.11–1.78). The highest ADI was not associated with lower LLDAS achievement on adjustment for renal disease and insurance. However, renal disease was found to be a significant mediator (P = 0.04) of the association between ADI and prednisone exposure. Conclusions: Children with cSLE who identified as Black are less likely to achieve LLDAS and have a higher disease activity. Living in areas of higher ADI may relate to renal disease and subsequent prednisone exposure. Strategies to address root causes will be important to design interventions mitigating cSLE racial disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the antimicrobial effectiveness of a novel 5-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-[(E)-(phenylmethylidene)amino]-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol derivatives. Methods: Starting from 2-aminothiophenol, a series of novel benzothiazole tethered triazole compounds were synthesized using conventional multi-step reactions. The reaction conditions were optimized for yield. Characterization was performed using 1H, 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectrometry. To determine the antimicrobial activity, both the agar well diffusion method and micro broth dilution method were employed. Molecular docking was conducted with AutoDock Vina, and ADME analysis was performed using SwissADME. The evaluation of toxicity was carried out using ADMETlab 2.0. Results and Discussion: Compound with a 2-NO2 substitution showed potent antibacterial activity against E. coli, with an inhibition of 50 µg/mL, similar to the standard drug chloramphenicol. The derivatives containing 3-Br and thiophene substitutions exhibited excellent activity against P. aeruginosa, with an inhibition concentration of 50 µg/mL. Moreover, the compounds with substitutions of 4-Br, 2,4-F, 4-F, and thiophene showed notable antifungal activity against C. albicans at a concentration of 250 µg/mL, surpassing the effectiveness of the standard drug griseofulvin. The results of molecular docking indicated that the compounds possessing 2-NO2, 3-Br, and 2,4-F substitutions displayed the most potent binding affinities towards their target proteins. The ADMET properties of these compounds were thoroughly evaluated and confirmed their drug-like characteristics and pharmacokinetic viability. Conclusions: The results of the antimicrobial activity assays and molecular docking studies indicate that several of the synthesized compounds demonstrated potency equal to or exceeding that of standard drugs. Furthermore, the ADMET profiles of these compounds were favourable, suggesting good pharmacokinetic properties. These findings highlight the potential of the synthesized compounds as effective antimicrobial agents, warranting further investigation and development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chronic anterior uveitis (CAU) carries a significant risk for eye complications and vision loss. The Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) introduced consensus treatment plans (CTPs) to standardize treatment for CAU and facilitate future comparative effectiveness studies. Two CTPs were developed to address: 1) initiation of methotrexate (MTX) in patients with CAU naïve to steroid-sparing therapy, and 2) initiation of a TNF inhibitor (TNFi) in patients with severe uveitis or uveitis refractory to MTX. We evaluated implementation of the uveitis CTPs using existing CARRA Registry infrastructure and assessed feasibility of the CTPs for comparative effectiveness research. Methods: This prospective observational cohort study was conducted at nine pilot sites between February 2020 and August 2022. Patients with JIA-associated CAU (JIA-U) were treated according to either the MTX or TNFi CTP. Uveitis activity and medication use were recorded at 0, 3, and 6 months. We assessed patient enrollment rates, CTP arm selection, uveitis control, and quality of data collection. We also evaluated CTP arm selection in a retrospective cohort of similar JIA-U patients enrolled in the CARRA Registry during the same study period. Results: Seventeen patients were included in the pilot cohort. Eight were treated with the MTX CTP (4 oral MTX, 4 subcutaneous MTX), and 9 with the TNFi CTP (9 received standard-dose adalimumab, none selected high-dose adalimumab or infliximab). Uveitis was controlled in 13 of 17 patients by 6 months. Query of the CARRA-wide Registry identified 42 patients with JIA-U who were treated according to the MTX or TNFi CTPs. Among these, 26 were treated with MTX (8 oral, 18 subcutaneous) and 16 with TNFi (12 standard dose adalimumab, 2 high dose adalimumab, and 2 infliximab). Conclusion: Both the MTX and TNFi uveitis CTPs can practically be implemented in clinical settings and are currently being utilized across Registry sites. However, in patients starting TNFi therapy, all pilot study participants and most patients across the CARRA Registry were treated with a standard dose of adalimumab. This consensus on the treatment approach underscores its broad acceptance but also limits the applicability of the uveitis TNFi CTP for comparative effectiveness research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a second tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) versus a non‐TNFi biologic following discontinuation of a TNFi for patients with polyarticular‐course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA). Methods: Using the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry, patients with pJIA who started receiving a second biologic following a first TNFi were identified. Patients were required to have no active uveitis on the index date and a visit six months after the index date. Outcome measures included Clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score with a maximum of 10 active joints (cJADAS10), cJADAS10 inactive disease (ID; ≤2.5) and cJADAS10 minimal disease activity (MiDA; ≤5). Multiple imputation was used to account for missing data. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated using propensity score quintiles to compare outcomes at six months following second biologic initiation. Results: There were 216 patients included, 84% initially received etanercept, and most patients stopped receiving it because of its ineffectiveness (74%). A total of 183 (85%) started receiving a second TNFi, and 33 (15%) started receiving a non‐TNFi. Adalimumab was the most common second biologic received (71% overall, 84% of second TNFi), and tocilizumab was the most common non‐TNFi second biologic received (9% overall, 58% of non‐TNFi). There was no difference between receiving TNFi versus non‐TNFi in cJADAS10 ID (29% vs 25%; aOR 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–3.20) or at least MiDA (43% vs 39%; aOR 1.11, 95% CI 0.47–2.62) at six months. Conclusion: Most patients with pJIA started receiving TNFi rather than non‐TNFi as their second biologic, and there were no differences in disease activity at six months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blood-CNS barrier disruption is a hallmark of numerous neurological disorders, yet whether barrier breakdown is sufficient to trigger neurodegenerative disease remains unresolved. Therapeutic strategies to mitigate barrier hyperpermeability are also limited. Dominant missense mutations of the cation channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) cause forms of hereditary motor neuron disease. To gain insights into the cellular basis of these disorders, we generated knock-in mouse models of TRPV4 channelopathy by introducing two disease-causing mutations (R269C and R232C) into the endogenous mouse Trpv4 gene. TRPV4 mutant mice exhibited weakness, early lethality, and regional motor neuron loss. Genetic deletion of the mutant Trpv4 allele from endothelial cells (but not neurons, glia, or muscle) rescued these phenotypes. Symptomatic mutant mice exhibited focal disruptions of blood–spinal cord barrier (BSCB) integrity, associated with a gain of function of mutant TRPV4 channel activity in neural vascular endothelial cells (NVECs) and alterations of NVEC tight junction structure. Systemic administration of a TRPV4-specific antagonist abrogated channel-mediated BSCB impairments and provided a marked phenotypic rescue of symptomatic mutant mice. Together, our findings show that mutant TRPV4 channels can drive motor neuron degeneration in a non–cell autonomous manner by precipitating focal breakdown of the BSCB. Further, these data highlight the reversibility of TRPV4-mediated BSCB impairments and identify a potential therapeutic strategy for patients with TRPV4 mutations. Editor's summary: TRPV4 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 4) is a mechanosensitive cation channel important for vascular function. TRPV4 mutations have been identified in patients with motor neuropathies, but it is unknown how functional alternations in this channel drive neurodegeneration. Sullivan et al. show that mice with gain-of-function mutations in Trpv4 developed progressive neurological symptoms that were associated with blood–spinal cord barrier breakdown and focal loss of motor neurons. Removal of Trpv4 from endothelial cells (but not other cell types) or treatment with a small molecule antagonist reversed pathology. These findings reveal a cascade of events that potentially drives neurodegeneration in TRPV4 channelopathies. —Daniela Neuhofer [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To date, no citation analysis has been conducted in the physical activity field, which can contribute to assess the impact of this research field and identify knowledge gaps. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the 500 most cited physical activity publications and report their bibliometric characteristics. Methods: The Web of Science database (all database indexes) was searched, and bibliometric characteristics were imported and calculated. Results: A total of 520 publications were ranked as the top 500. The sum of the citations was 326,258, and the average citation density was 41.0 (45.1) citations per year. Original research articles constituted the major portion of included publications (53.7%; 170,774 citations). Papers reporting relationship of physical activity with health were the most prevalent type of publication included (43.7%; 141,027 citations). Journal impact factor had a weak but significant positive correlation with citation density (r =.12; P =.006). The United States was ranked first in terms of the contributions from institutions and authors contributing to the most cited physical activity papers. Conclusions: Top physical activity publications are well cited compared with other health behavior fields. Original research reporting on the associations between physical activity and health has a higher citation impact compared with other types of original research within the physical activity field. The physical activity research field continues to expand rapidly as newer publications attract more citations in a shorter time span compared with older publications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: No citation analysis has examined peer-reviewed sedentary behaviour research articles, which is needed to assess the impact of this research and identify knowledge gaps. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the 100 most cited sedentary behaviour articles and examine their bibliometric characteristics. Methods: All databases indexed in the Web of Science database were searched in October 2022, and bibliometric characteristics of the studies, irrespective of the publication year, were imported and calculated. Descriptive statistics and visualisations by the VOSviewer were used for the presentation of bibliometric characteristics. Results: The 100 most cited articles received 49,062 citations in total, with a median citation density of 32.5 citations per article per year. The majority of included articles were reviews (n = 48; 22,856 citations), focused on adults (58%; 26,809 citations) and reported on the relationship of sedentary behaviour with health (n = 64; 34,598 citations); more specifically they focused on anthropometric indices (28%), metabolic health (24%), and mortality (23%). The United States was ranked first in terms of the overall for most cited articles. However, Australia was ranked first for institutions and authors contributing to the most cited sedentary behaviour articles. Conclusions: Papers published after 2007 were predominant in the list of 100 most cited sedentary behaviour papers, as were those focusing on associations with physical health outcomes and those focusing on adults. While original articles were cited more, discussion papers had more impact on the field as they received more citations in less time. Research examining associations between sedentary behaviour and health was cited more. The field is dominated by contributions from high-income countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In thermal management system, nanofluids will act as robust elements in future for coolants. Nanofluids have remarkable potential during the heat transfer increase reported by researchers from all over the world. Nanofluids have attracted many researchers, and there have been tremendous advances because of the high thermal characteristics and possible applications in certain areas such as the transport sector, aerospace, medical regions, and microelectronics. This current study reports on the thermal characteristics of nanofluid based on ZrO2/EG. The nanoparticles are characterized by XRD and SEM techniques. Nanofluid was prepared by a two-step method in ethylene glycol (EG) using ultra sonication. The thermal conductivity of ZrO2/EG nanofluid was investigated experimentally at various volume concentrations (0.02–0.1vol. %) and temperature range between 35 and 55 °C. The enhancement in thermal conductivity was observed to be 26.2% at 0.1 vol. % which exhibits superior performance as compared to base fluid (EG). The results of the experiment were compared with the three most often utilized model in the literature. The behavior of ZrO2/water-based nanofluid thermal conductivity, viscosity, and stability in various concentrations was studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"The Returns of Fascism" addresses the emergence of New Right political culture on a global scale, attending to the intersections in US, European, Russian, and Indian New Right movements and their relation to the history of fascisms and late capitalist thought forms, as well as their attack on humanist critique. This special issue argues that the topoi of crisis and catastrophe serve the globalization of the New Right's supremacist and majoritarian political culture as it transcends both the academy and the wider world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay focuses on contemporary India and the rise to near hegemony of "Hindutva power," which works through both the transformation of the exercise of sovereign power and the inculcation of a distinct habitus, or structure of predispositions, in more and more sectors of society. This Hindu supremacist and nationalist habitus marks a far-reaching transformation not only of democratic political culture but of religious belief and practice as well. But despite their sense of inevitability, these developments are part of a scene of contestation and the staging of prodemocracy and anti-fascist dissent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the discussion on comparative literary studies in recent decades such as Orientalism and philhellenism, nationalism and cosmopolitanism, center and periphery, empire and colony, form and history, exile and displacement.

Progranulin (PGRN) and transmembrane protein 106B (TMEM106B) are important lysosomal proteins implicated in frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Loss‐of‐function mutations in progranulin (GRN) are a common cause of FTLD, while TMEM106B variants have been shown to act as disease modifiers in FTLD. Overexpression of TMEM106B leads to lysosomal dysfunction, while loss of Tmem106b ameliorates lysosomal and FTLD‐related pathologies in young Grn−/− mice, suggesting that lowering TMEM106B might be an attractive strategy for therapeutic treatment of FTLD‐GRN. Here, we generate and characterize older Tmem106b−/−Grn−/− double knockout mice, which unexpectedly show severe motor deficits and spinal cord motor neuron and myelin loss, leading to paralysis and premature death at 11–12 months. Compared to Grn−/−, Tmem106b−/−Grn−/− mice have exacerbated FTLD‐related pathologies, including microgliosis, astrogliosis, ubiquitin, and phospho‐Tdp43 inclusions, as well as worsening of lysosomal and autophagic deficits. Our findings confirm a functional interaction between Tmem106b and Pgrn and underscore the need to rethink whether modulating TMEM106B levels is a viable therapeutic strategy. Synopsis: Loss of TMEM106B has been suggested as therapeutic treatment of FTLD‐GRN. This study shows that loss of Tmem106b exacerbates FTLD pathologies and causes spinal cord motor neuron loss and myelin degeneration leading to motor deficits in Grn deficient mice. Loss of Tmem106b leads to severe motor deficits and premature death in Grn deficient mice.Loss of Tmem106b leads to spinal cord motor neuron loss and myelin degeneration in Grn deficient mice.Loss of Tmem106b exacerbates FTLD‐related pathologies, including microgliosis, astrogliosis, and ubiquitin and phospho‐Tdp43 inclusions in Grn deficient mice.Loss of Tmem106b exacerbates lysosomal and autophagic deficits in Grn deficient mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used a bibliometric analysis through the Scopus database to examine papers that combined physical activity and sleep, published between 1979 and 2018. Bibliometric indicators of productivity included publication volume and citation distribution, top 10 authors, average authors per paper, single- and multicountry collaboration, collaborative index, top 10 countries, leading journals, highly cited papers and network visualization for coauthorship, international collaboration, and co-occurrence of author keywords. The initial search identified 1,509 papers, of which 607 passed through comprehensive screening and were included in the final analysis. Most of the papers were research articles (90.8%) and published in English (90.8%). Most papers (81.4%) were published within the past decade, 2009–2018. The mean number of papers published per year was 15.2, the mean number of citations per paper was 257.3, and the mean number of authors per paper was 5.5. International collaboration was evident for 21.6% of the papers, and 95.6% of papers were multiauthored. The most prolific publishing institutions and authors were from the United States, Canada, Australia, Switzerland, and Brazil. Keyword analysis suggested that almost all age groups and study designs were covered, but most papers focus on noncommunicable diseases. Although there has been a rise in scientific production on combined physical activity and sleep research in recent years, future work in this area should include researchers from developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A critical response to the essay "Reflections on Violence, Law, and Humanitarism" by Talal Asad in the December 2014 issue of the periodical "Critical Inquiry" is presented. Topics mentioned include Asad's work in anthropology, specifically on the aspects of culture and society, his use of genealogy in determining concealed meanings and functions in individual concepts, and the emergence of a liberal sociocultural and political order in modern civilization.

An essay is presented which discusses the philosophical concept of postsecularism and examines its impact on humanities fields, and presents the author's reasons for avoiding identification with it. The argument that it is internally incoherent and too vague to be intellectually useful is offered, and the relationship between postsecularism and Islam is touched on.

An introduction is presented in which the issue's themes including postsecularism, romanticism, and religion are discussed.

The article offers the author's insights on topics related to Jews including their persecution in Europe, the Jewish identity, and the book "Enlightenment in the Colony: The Jewish Question and the Crisis of Postcolonial Culture."

The introduction to this dossier situates the concept of world literature as potentially challenging and intellectually productive, on the one hand, and susceptible to easy commodification, on the other. It argues for an incontrovertible link between the Orientalist philological revolution and the emergence of world literature, and situates a number of studies in the dossier as concerned with this link. Finally, it presents Erich Auerbach and Edward Said as contributors to a potential radicalization of the philology of world literature, replacing its organicist-nationalist assumptions with exilic ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anorectic anx/anx mouse exhibits disturbed feeding behavior and aberrances, including neurodegeneration, in peptidergic neurons in the appetite regulating hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. Poor feeding in infants, as well as neurodegeneration, are common phenotypes in human disorders caused by dysfunction of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS). We therefore hypothesized that the anorexia and degenerative phenotypes in the anx/anx mouse could be related to defects in the OXPHOS. In this study, we found reduced efficiency of hypothalamic OXPHOS complex I assembly and activity in the anx/anx mouse. We also recorded signs of increased oxidative stress in anx/anx hypothalamus, possibly as an effect of the decreased hypothalamic levels of fully assembled complex I, that were demonstrated by native Western blots. Furthermore, the Ndufaf1 gene, encoding a complex I assembly factor, was genetically mapped to the anx interval and found to be down-regulated in anx/anx mice. These results suggest that the anorexia and hypothalamic neurodegeneration of the anx/anx mouse are associated with dysfunction of mitochondrial complex I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the key conceptual and historical factors of an approach to the study of language and literature in relation to the North Indian vernacular, the Hindi and Urdu. It argues that the emergence of religio-political identities and the distinction of the language formations brought about the final partition of the country in the mid-twentieth century. It talks on indigenisation, the colonial rule and the modern vernacular formations, and its effects on cultural and social field.

C57BL/6 J (B6) and CAST/EiJ (CAST), the inbred strain derived from M. musculus castaneus, differ in nutrient intake behaviors, including dietary fat and carbohydrate consumption in a two-diet-choice paradigm. Significant quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for carbohydrate ( Mnic1) and total energy intake ( Kcal2) are present between these strains on chromosome (Chr) 17. Here we report the refinement of the Chr 17 QTL in a subcongenic strain of the B6.CAST- D17Mit19-D17Mit91 congenic mice described previously. This new subcongenic strain possesses CAST Chr 17 donor alleles from 4.8 to 45.4 Mb on a B6 background. Similar to CAST, the subcongenic mice exhibit increased carbohydrate and total calorie intake per body weight, while fat intake remains equivalent. Unexpectedly, this CAST genomic segment also confers two new physical activity phenotypes: 22% higher spontaneous physical activity levels and significantly increased voluntary wheel-running activity compared with the parental B6 strain. Overall, these data suggest that gene(s) involved in carbohydrate preference and increased physical activity are contained within the proximal region of Chr 17. Interval-specific microarray analysis in hypothalamus and skeletal muscle revealed differentially expressed genes within the subcongenic region, including neuropeptide W ( Npw); glyoxalase I ( Glo1); cytochrome P450, family 4, subfamily f, polypeptide 1 ( Cyp4f15); phospholipase A2, group VII ( Pla2g7); and phosphodiesterase 9a ( Pde9a). This subcongenic strain offers a unique model for dissecting the contributions and possible interactions among genes controlling food intake and physical activity, key components of energy balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay presents an exploration into the social and political problems inherent in modern European society which have led to the recent increase in terrorist activities in several countries. The author presents various theories on deeper issues of post-colonialism and national identities along with political discontent with governmental administrations regarding foreign policy and religious freedoms.

This article focuses on global comparativism. Edward Said seems to be concerned chiefly, if not entirely, with the canonical literatures of the modern West, either bracketing off the cultural production and trajectories of non-Western societies or bringing to them modes of attention distinct from, and far less compelling than, those he has developed for a critical reengagement with the Western tradition. It may even be argued that a concern with these languages and literatures, especially of course Arabic, and their place in literary studies animates his work even when its explicit preoccupation appears to be elsewhere.

This article introduces the topics featured in the June 2004 issue of "Boundary 2." This special issue is targeted from the start as an engagement with the legacies of Edward Said's work. It is meant to suggest a number of directions in which the notion of secular criticism may be inflected while remaining true to the enormous critical energies inherent in its appearance in Said's work. A number of studies that take as their starting point Said's relationship to secularism, are brought together in the article.

Abstract: Harlequin ichthyosis (HI) is a rare and usually fatal scaling skin disorder. The HI mutant mouse (ichq/ichq) has many similarities to the human disorder and provides an important model to identify candidate genes. In this study, we report refined mapping of the mouse ichq locus and consideration of the candidate genes: calpain 1 (Capn1 ), phospholipase C beta 3 (Plcb3 ), and Rela and Ikka/Chuk that encode components of the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway. Each are strong candidates because of epidermal expression and/or changes in expression in human HI. All candidates are linked to the ichq locus on mouse Chromosome 19, although Ikka is located more distally. Genetic mapping in mouse has narrowed the ichq critical region to 4 cM. Keratinocytes from skin of +/+, +/ichq and ichq/ichq mice were cultured; all genotypes had similar expression of epidermal differentiation markers. RT-PCR amplification and sequence analysis of each candidate gene did not reveal any mutations in the ichq mouse. Mutational screening of CAPN1 cDNA from different human HI cases revealed a R433P change, but analysis of 50 normal samples demonstrated that this was an apparent polymorphism. Sequence of RELA in five unrelated human HI cases was normal. The results provide compelling evidence that none of these genes are the primary defect in the ichq mouse and that CAPN1 and RELA are not mutated in the human disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Once a mutation in the gene tub was identified as the cause of obesity, retinal degeneration and hearing loss in tubby mice, it became increasingly evident that the members of the tub gene family (tulps) influence maintenance and function of the neuronal cell lineage. Suggested molecular functions of tubby-like proteins include roles in vesicular trafficking, mediation of insulin signaling and gene transcription. The mechanisms through which tub functions in neurons, however, have yet to be elucidated. Here we report the positional cloning of an auditory quantitative trait locus (QTL), the modifier of tubby hearing 1 gene (moth1), whose wildtype alleles from strains AKR/J, CAST/Ei and 129P2/OlaHsd protect tubby mice from hearing loss. Through a transgenic rescue experiment, we verified that sequence polymorphisms in the neuron-specific microtubule-associated protein la gene (Mtap1a) observed in the susceptible strain C57BL/6J (B6) are crucial for the hearing-loss phenotype. We also show that these polymorphisms change the binding efficiency of MTAPIA to postsynaptic density molecule 95 (PSD95), a core component in the cytoarchitecture of synapses. This indicates that at least some of the observed polymorphisms are functionally important and that the hearing loss in C57BL/6J-tub/tub (B6-tub/tub) mice may be caused by impaired protein interactions involving MTAP1A. We therefore propose that tub may be associated with synaptic function in neuronal cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes the thematics of authenticity and recovery of self as the concepts appear in the midst of decolonization. Characteristics of colonialism; Contexts of auratic criticism as applied to the subject of colonialism.

Provides evidence for the existence of moth1 gene in tubby mice against hearing loss using quantitative trait loci analysis. Mode of inheritance; Association between insulin resistance and cochlear degeneration; Causes of cell death in sensory neurons; Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factors in neural cell survival.

Highlights the importance of Erich Auerbach in the writings of Edward Said on secular criticism. Arguments that Saidian's criticism carries certain definite implications for debates about secularism in the postcolonial world; Reference to the books `Beginnings: Intention and Method,' `Culture and Imperialism' `The World, the Text, and the Critic' and others; Discussion of Auerbach's importance to Said.

The author responds to the criticism of his article "Response to Talal Asad's 'Reflections on Violence, Law, and Humanitarianism'," by Ananda Abeysekara, published in the 41 Summer 2015 issue. Topics include the criticism's touching of religion studies and the world of poststructuralist theory, and the self-appointed antifoundationalist "defense" of religiosity. Other topics include the concept of polarity in deconstrutionist terms and Western philosophy,