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Sponges from the Clathria genus, especially those from Derawan Island, Indonesia, are renowned repositories of microbial symbionts enriched with potent bioactive compounds. Our study delved into these sponges, extracting and examining their bacterial symbionts for their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and enzymatic activities. Using dilution and streak methods, 23 distinct bacterial types were isolated and identified based on cellular morphology. Among these, the SC-06 isolate demonstrated significant antibacterial capabilities against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Further, isolates SC-01, SC-03, SC-11, SC-13, and SC-15 exhibited powerful antioxidant properties, neutralizing over 50% of radicals. Additionally, strains SC-08, SC-02, SC-05, and SC-22 displayed remarkable enzymatic activities, suggesting their potential industrial applications. The Clathria sp. sponges from Derawan offer a promising biotechnological frontier, with their bacterial symbionts poised to redefine marine biotech innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sauropus androgynous contain chemical compounds that can increase the growth of tiger prawn. This study aims to determine the growth of tiger prawns after giving S. androgynous leaves ethanol extract mixed in feed. The research method uses a completely randomized design (CRD) 4 treatments, three replications. Treatment with a dose of Treatment 1 (T1) Control without giving S. androgynous extract, Treatment 2 (T2) 5 gr/kg of feed, Treatment 3 (T3) 50 gr/kg of feed, Treatment 4 (T4) 100 gr/kg of feed. Proximate test results of S. androgynous extract crude protein content of 10.83%, crude fiber 1.87%, crude fat 0.85%, ash content 1.94%, dry weight 93.62%, and extract material without nitrogen 78.13%. Based on the results of the study, the weight growth and growth length statistically showed significantly different (P < 0.05). The highest growth of tiger prawn at the end of the study was found in P4 by giving S. androgynous leaf extract with an average weight growth value (70.18 ± 9.57 g). While the lowest weight growth was observed in T1 with an average weight growth value (32.62 ± 7.54 g). The highest length growth was found in T4 with average length (1.19 ± 0.10 cm), while the lowest length growth was seen in T1 with average length growth (0.62 ± 0.09 cm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]