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Introduction: Male gender is an important risk factor of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), and studies have explored the pathophysiological role of androgens in CSC with conflicting results. In this study, we shed light on this hot topic by exploring the risk of CSC in a large cohort of male androgen abusers. Methods: This study included male androgen abusers identified through a nationwide anti-doping test program across Danish fitness centers from January 3 2006 to March 1 2018. For each case, we randomly sampled ten male controls using Danish nationwide registries. These controls were matched in age and date. Cases and controls were followed until May 16 2018. Data on diagnoses were extracted using the Danish National Registry of Patients using ICD-10 codes to identify cases with CSC. Results: We included 1189 cases and 11,890 controls. Mean age at the time of doping sentence was 27.4 ± 6.9 years, and mean length of follow-up was 15.8 ± 3.6 years. We identified no cases of CSC in androgen abusers, and five cases of CSC in the control cohort. The difference between groups was not statistically significant (P = 1.0). Conclusions: Male androgen abusers were not at increased risk of CSC. Considering the lack of any signal in this large study, we speculate that if male androgen plays any direct role in the pathophysiology of CSC, its role may be subtle at best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]