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The present study proposes a fiducial marker for location systems that uses computer vision. The marker employs a set of tape-shaped markers that facilitate their positioning in the environment, allowing continuous reading to cover the entire perimeter of the environment and making it possible to minimize interruptions in the location service. Because the marker is present throughout the perimeter of the environment, it presents hierarchical coding patterns that allow it to be robust against multiple detection scales. We implemented an application to help the user generate the markers with a floor plan image. We conducted two types of tests, one in a 3D simulation environment and one in a real-life environment with a smartphone. The tests made it possible to measure the performance of the tape-shaped marker with readings at multiple distances compared to ArUco, QRCode, and STag with detections at distances of 10 to 0.5 m. The localization tests in the 3D environment analyzed the time of marker detection during the journey from one room to another in positioning conditions (A) with the markers positioned at the baseboard of the wall, (B) with the markers positioned at camera height, and (C) with the marker positioned on the floor. The localization tests in real conditions allowed us to measure the time of detections in favorable conditions of detections, demonstrating that the tape-shaped-marker-detection algorithm is not yet robust against blurring but is robust against lighting variations, difficult angle displays, and partial occlusions. In both test environments, the marker allowed for detection at multiple scales, confirming its functionality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the existing platforms, the mobile platform provides most of the augmented reality experiences for users. Augmented reality solutions have been applied in several contexts due to technological advances in this area. However, many of these advances are still out of reach of more massive access by regular users due to access limitations or the cost of these new technologies. After conducting a literature review considering the application of data visualization in augmented reality environments, we have identified an evolution of equipment used in this context with a decrease of low-cost proposals. Hence, the works related to these two areas showed high use of technologies not yet accessible to the vast majority of users. Thus, we propose a low-cost augmented reality application that can be used on mobile devices for data visualization. We developed a hybrid proposal of an augmented reality prototype to interacting with cards through the mobile device to support the process of creating data visualization. The tangible cards have a design that helps the user in the visualization creation process, indicating each card's role in the interaction process. The proposed application supports a multi-user environment, allowing multiple users to interact simultaneously with data visualizations in the AR environment. The visualizations are generated on a dedicated server for this function, providing a set of seven different types of visualization. To validate the developed prototype we performed two tests, the first being a stress assessment on the server that generates data visualizations to analyze the proposed application's scalability. The second was a remote usability test with twelve participants, to evaluate the interaction and design of the cards, and the viability of this solution for augmented reality applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]