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This research was conducted to assess yield and some yield components of 65 advanced bread wheat mutant lines of M6 generation selected from M4 populations of 4 different bread wheat genotypes. They were sown using an augmented design consisting of five blocks of which every block had 13 mutant advanced lines and 4 check genotypes (parents) in the 2014-2015 growing season. According to the data obtained from the experiment, there was a great variation for plant height (69.15-119.56 cm), spike length (9.26-11.78 cm), number of grains per spike (30.59-59.84), grain weight per spike (1.43-3.13 g), harvest index (32.57-48.37%), thousand grain weight (34.13- 55.93 g) and grain yield (4712-9515 kg ha-1). The 33 lines for plant height, 22 lines for spike length, 21 lines for the number of grains per spike, 31 lines for grain weight per spike, 35 lines for harvest index, 30 lines for 1000 grain weight and 33 lines for grain yield have been found to perform better than check genotypes. According to the results of the study, MT35, MT14, MT27, MT19, MT20 and MT15 advanced mutant lines were superior to the parents in more than one trait. These mutant lines were selected for pre-registration yield trials, and they may prove useful as a parent for yield improvement in a wheat breeding program. Gamma irradiations with 100 and 200 Gy may be more beneficial for yield improvement in wheat mutation breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agriculture & Nature / Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım & Doğa Dergisi is the property of Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Leaf rust caused by Pucinia recondita tritici is one of the most important diseases of bread wheat worldwide. It is considered that the most environmentally sound; low cost method of controlling leaf rust is to breed and grow genetically resistant wheat varieties. In the research, twentyfour bread wheat varieties grown intensively were used as genetic material in Trakya Region where the North-West Part of Turkey. To create artificial leaf rust epidemic in field conditions, two sensitive varieties (Morrocco and Cumhuriyet 75) was sown after each ten genotypes, and the reactions of the varieties to leaf rust were investigated in field conditions. Isogenic lines carrying the genes Lr9, Lr14, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr47 from CIMMYT were used as control genotypes in molecular analysis. In the field conditions, although Pehlivan, Selimiye, Sagittario, Tina, Anapo, Montchill and Saraybosna were the most sensitive genotypes, Nota, Kate A1, Prostor and Sana were the most resistant bread wheat varieties to leaf rust. It was determined that Sana, Pehlivan, Golia, Falmura 85, Saroz 95, Renan, Sirena, Kate A1, Selimiye, Bezostoja 1, Saraybosna, Nina and Tina varieties have Lr9 gene with SSR analysis. It has been observed that all bread wheat varieties carry Lr14, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr47 (except Krasunia, Aldane and Gelibolu varieties) genes. It is revealed that Lr9 and Lr47 genes should be taken into consideration in the studies to be performed in the region and these genes will be useful to examine together with a larger number of leaf rust genes for more successful results in breeding studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was carried out in the experimental fields of Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, the University of Namık Kemal in 2014-2015. In the study, totally 30 bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes (15 cultivars; early, medium-early and late-maturing; 10 lines are tolerant to the heat-temperature stress which were provided by CIMMYT-International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), 5 lines (were taken from the same university's wheat breeding program which was collaborated by the CIMMYT) were used as an experimental material. The experiment was adjusted in a split-plot design with 3 replicates. Sowing dates (Normal (NS November 09, 2014) and Late sowing (LS January 09, 2015)) were constituted the main plots, and the genotypes constituted the sub-plots. These physiological traits ((membrane thermostability (MT), canopy temperature (CT), leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) and stomatal conductance (SC)) were measured at the LS stage due to giving much more correct, logical and meaningful results, but grain yield (GY) was fixed for all the sowing dates. Obtained findings are: The GY was varied between (4.35- 6.34 t ha-1) for genotypes; the MT was changed between (10.58-66.25%); the CT was realized between (17.67-22.00 oC); the LCC was varied between (38.30-53.30 SPAD) and the SC was changed between (25.20-166.80 mmol m-2 s-1). It was observed that most of the CIMMYT originated genotypes are tolerant to high-temperature stress and most of the wheats that are grown in Thrace Region are negatively affected by the high-temperature stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study was performed to evaluate the effects of environment (E) and genotype (G) × E interactions (GGE) for quality traits and grain yield in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). ANOVA and GGE biplots were used to assess quality performance and stability in 36 genotypes of bread wheat through a three-location trial over two cropping seasons in the Thrace Region of Turkey. The 36 wheat genotypes used were classified into eight different groups, including landraces, 1960s, 1970s, 1980s, 1990s, 2000s, and advanced lines. The data showed a wide range of variation for milling quality parameters with regard to gluten quantity and quality, as well as for grain yield. Genotypes, location, and year, in this order, contributed to this diversity. Remarkably, all the traits except grain protein content showed a larger genotype effect than location (L) effect; the interaction G × L was usually more important than the G × Y. Genotypic and location components markedly exceeded G × L and Y × L for all variables, with the exception of grain yield, in which the G × Y effect was greater than locations according to ANOVA analysis. Noticeable continuous progress (53%) was observed in genetic grain yield during the last 60 yr without limiting wheat quality. GGE biplot analysis found that, on average, the biplots accounted for 80 to 85% of G and G × E variation present. Krasunia and Sagittario were the best genotypes (best performance and higher stability) of the study based on the traits evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Response of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Osmancık-97) to eight salinity (NaCl) levels (0, 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 and 24 dS m-1) was studied at germination and early seedling stages during 2013. Surface sterilized seeds were germinated at 25 ± 1°C for 14 days in a growth chamber and measurements were taken at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h for water uptake of seeds. Germination was completely arrested at 20 and 24 dS m-1 salinity levels. While mean germination time increased with increasing salinity, water uptake, germination rate, coleoptile length and shoot length were significantly decreased. Root number, root length, shoot length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight and shoot dry weight significantly increased up to 4 to 8 dS m-1, and then these characters were significantly decreased by increasing salinity level. It was concluded that rice cultivar viz. Osmancık-97 has tolerance up to a salinity level of 8 dS m-1 at the germination and early seedling stages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]