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Background: The Yi people are a sociolinguistic group living in Mile City, which is their typical settlement in southeastern Yunnan, China. Over the long history of using medicinal plants, the Yi people have accumulated and developed a wealth of traditional medicinal knowledge, which has played a vital role in their health care. However, only a few studies have been performed to systematically document the medicinal plants commonly used by the Yi people. This study provides fundamental data for the development and application of ethnomedicine as well as supports the conservation of the traditional medical knowledge of the Yi people. Methods: This study was conducted from May 2020 to August 2022 and involved five townships in Mile. Information regarding medicinal plants was obtained through semistructured interviews, key informant interviews, and participatory observation. The collected voucher specimens were identified using the botanical taxonomy method and deposited in the herbarium. Ethnobotanical data were analyzed using informant consensus factor, relative frequency of citation, and fidelity level. Results: In total, 114 informants distributed in five townships of Mile were interviewed. The Yi people used 267 medicinal plant species belonging to 232 genera and 104 families to treat various diseases. Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Fabaceae were the most commonly used plant families by the Yi people. In addition, herbs were most commonly used by the Yi people. Whole plants and roots were the preferred medicinal parts. Decoctions were the most common method of herbal medicine preparation. There are 49 different recorded diseases treated by Yi medicinal plants, and among them, respiratory diseases, rheumatism, traumatic injury, fractures, and digestive system diseases have the largest number of species used. A quantitative analysis demonstrated that plants such as Zingiber officinale, Lycopodium japonicum, Aconitum carmichaelii, Panax notoginseng, Cyathula officinalis, and Leonurus japonicus played crucial roles in disease prevention and treatment. Conclusion: Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants is closely associated with the social culture of the local Yi people. The medicinal plants used for health care in the study area were diverse. Local healers were skilled at using medicinal plants to treat various diseases. Their treatment methods were convenient and unique, exhibiting distinctive regional characteristics. However, the inheritance of their traditional medicinal knowledge and protection of wild medicinal plant resources are facing serious challenges, including the decreasing number of local healers, aging of healers, lack of successors, and excessive harvesting of medicinal plant resources. This ethnobotanical survey provides a useful reference for the sustainable utilization and protection of medicinal plant resources in Mile and the inheritance of traditional medicinal knowledge of the Yi people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dolichos trilobus Linn (Leguminosae) is often used in Yi ethnic medicine to treat pain, fracture, and rheumatism. To explore the therapeutic potential of doliroside B (DB) from D. trilobus and its disodium salt (DBDS) and the underlying mechanism in pain. In the writhing test, Kunming mice were orally treated with DB and DBDS at doses of 0.31, 0.62, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg. Vehicle, morphine, indomethacin, and acetylsalicylic acid were used as negative and positive control on the nociception-induced models, respectively. In the hot plate test, mice were orally treated with DB and DBDS at doses of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. In the formalin test, mice were orally treated with DB and DBDS at doses of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg. In the meanwhile, lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory model in RAW264.7 macrophages was adopted to study the mechanism of pain alleviation for DBDS. DBDS (5 mg/kg) inhibited the writhing number by 80.2%, which exhibited the highest antinociceptive activity in pain models. DBDS could selectively inhibite the activity of COX-1. Meanwhile, it also reduced the production of NO, iNOS, and IL-6 by 55.8%, 69.0%, and 49.9% inhibition, respectively. It was found that DBDS also positively modulated the function of GABAA1 receptor. DBDS displayed antinociceptive activity by acting on both the peripheral and central nervous systems, which may act on multitargets. Further work is warranted for developing DBDS into a potential drug for the treatment of pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the aim of adapting a source Text to Speech (TTS) model to synthesize a personal voice by using a few speech samples from the target speaker, voice cloning provides a specific TTS service. Although the Tacotron 2-based multi-speaker TTS system can implement voice cloning by introducing a d-vector into the speaker encoder, the speaker characteristics described by the d-vector cannot allow for the voice information of the entire utterance. This affects the similarity of voice cloning. As a vocoder, WaveNet sacrifices speech generation speed. To balance the relationship between model parameters, inference speed, and voice quality, a voice cloning method based on improved HiFi-GAN has been proposed in this paper. (1) To improve the feature representation ability of the speaker encoder, the x-vector is used as the embedding vector that can characterize the target speaker. (2) To improve the performance of the HiFi-GAN vocoder, the input Mel spectrum is processed by a competitive multiscale convolution strategy. (3) The one-dimensional depth-wise separable convolution is used to replace all standard one-dimensional convolutions, significantly reducing the model parameters and increasing the inference speed. The improved HiFi-GAN model remarkably reduces the number of vocoder model parameters by about 68.58% and boosts the model's inference speed. The inference speed on the GPU and CPU has increased by 11.84% and 30.99%, respectively. Voice quality has also been marginally improved as MOS increased by 0.13 and PESQ increased by 0.11. The improved HiFi-GAN model exhibits outstanding performance and remarkable compatibility in the voice cloning task. Combined with the x-vector embedding, the proposed model achieves the highest score of all the models and test sets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous researches on accelerating remote sensing data processing are based on traditional von Neumann architecture, which separates storage and computation. Under the architecture, data must be obtained from the storage device first and then transmitted to Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) through the system bus. The power consumption caused by the data handling is huge, even exceeding the energy consumption required for data processing. In order to reduce the migration of remote sensing data and alleviate the problems of storage wall and power wall under von Neumann architecture, we design a remote sensing data processing platform based on the system architecture of computable storage, which uses Solid-State Disk (SSD) with computing capability to process the remote sensing data and realize accelerated remote sensing data processing. Based on this platform, applications related to remote sensing data processing such as compression, target detection, and image classification are deployed in SSD to improve the information acquisition rate in remote sensing data. Experimental results show that after compression being offloaded to SSD computing performance is improved by 2.27 times compared with the host CPU. Compared with the host GPU, the target detection speed is improved by 6.25% and the power consumption is reduced by 66.7%. Compared with the host, the detection speed of remote sensing image classification is improved by 78.8%, the power consumption is reduced by 70%, achieving the expected classification effect. The Remote Sensing data Processing Platform based on Computable Storage (CSRSPP) distributes various computing tasks to the SSD for execution, which not only improves the processing speed of computing tasks, but also greatly reduces the power consumption of the platform. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thanks to a highly active catalyst, the scope of the (cyclopentadienone)iron complex-promoted 'hydrogen-borrowing' (HB) amination has been expanded to secondary alcohols, which had previously been reported to react only in the presence of large amounts of co-catalysts. A range of cyclic and acyclic secondary alcohols were reacted with aromatic and aliphatic amines giving fair to excellent yields of the substitution products. The catalyst was also able to promote the cyclization of diols bearing a secondary alcohol group with primary amines to generate saturated N-heterocycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we broaden the application scope of (cyclopentadienone)iron complexes 1 in C=N bond reduction. The catalytic scope of pre‐catalyst 1b, which is more active than the "Knölker complex" (1a) and other members of its family, has been expanded to the catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of a wider range of aldimines and ketimines, either pre‐isolated or generated in situ. The kinetics of 1b‐promoted CTH of ketimine S1 were assessed, showing a pseudo‐first order profile, with TOF = 6.07 h–1 at 50 % conversion. Moreover, the chiral complex 1c and its analog 1d were employed in the enantioselective reduction of ketimines and reductive amination of ketones, giving fair to good yields and moderate enantioselectivity. The catalytic transfer hydrogenation of imines and the reductive amination of carbonyl compounds have been thoroughly investigated with a cyclooctene‐derived (cyclopentadienone)iron pre‐catalyst. Additionally, enantioselective ketimine reduction with a chiral (cyclopentadienone)iron complex is reported here for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Here we report the catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of non‐activated imines promoted by a Fe‐catalyst in the absence of Lewis acid co‐catalysts. Use of the (cyclopentadienone)iron complex 1, which is much more active than the classical ‘Knölker complex’ 2, allowed to reduce a number of N‐aryl and N‐alkyl imines in very good yields using iPrOH as hydrogen source. The reaction proceeds with relatively low catalyst loading (0.5–2 mol%) and, remarkably, its scope includes also ketimines, whose reduction with a Fe‐complex as the only catalyst has little precedents. Based on this methodology, we developed a one‐pot CTH protocol for the reductive amination of aldehydes/ketones, which provides access to secondary amines in high yield without the need to isolate imine intermediates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]