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In children with atopic dermatitis (AD), eczema is easily aggravated by contact with irritant factors (e.g. aggressive detergents, synthetic and woollen clothes, climatic factors). To evaluate the effectiveness of a special silk fabric (MICROAIR Derma Silk®) in the treatment of young children affected by AD with acute lesions at the time of examination. Forty-six children (mean age 2 years) affected by AD in an acute phase were recruited: 31 received special silk clothes (group A) which they were instructed to wear for a week; the other 15 served as a control group (group B) and wore cotton clothing. Topical moisturizing creams or emulsions were the only topical treatment prescribed in both groups. The overall severity of the disease was evaluated using the SCORAD index. In addition, the local score of an area covered by the silk clothes was compared with the local score of an uncovered area in the same child. All patients were evaluated at baseline and 7 days after the initial examination. At the end of the study a significant decrease in AD severity was observed in the children of group A (mean SCORAD decrease from 43 to 30; P = 0·003). At the same time, the improvement in the mean local score of the covered area (from 32 to 18·6; P = 0·001) was significantly greater than that of the uncovered area (from 31 to 26; P = 0·112). The use of special silk clothes may be useful in the management of AD in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Urticaria is the disease that has the highest impact on quality of life and requires the most visits to the emergency room. Objective To investigate the clinical presentation of acute urticaria in children referred to the paediatric emergency room of our hospital and to define possible related aetiologies. Methods We included 814 children consecutively referred to the emergency room between January 2006 and December 2007 with a diagnosis of acute urticaria, isolated or associated with other clinical symptoms. Results Only 2.0% of the cases studied were associated with severe clinical pictures. In 437 cases (53.7%), the cause of urticaria was not determined. The infections of the respiratory tract were the most frequently suspected aetiological factor. The diagnosis of allergic urticaria is more defined, but belongs to a minority group (10.8%). The first level treatment includes the use of non-sedating oral H1-antihistamine. Conclusion The children with urticaria are frequently referred to the paediatric emergency room, but only in a few cases were associated with severe clinical manifestations or allergy. The evidence of an inverse relationship between the number of accesses and the patients' age may be explained by the higher prevalence of this disease in early childhood and possibly also by a higher concern of the parents of the younger patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]