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This article, titled "Timing of magnetic resonance imaging in pregnancy for congenital diaphragmatic hernia," examines the impact of the timing of MRI on the prediction of survival and morbidity in patients with CDH. The study, conducted in Germany and Italy, included 354 patients with isolated CDH. The results showed that the timing of MRI did not affect the prediction of survival rate or morbidity, as the observed to expected total fetal lung volume (o/e TFLV) did not change during pregnancy. Clinicians can choose any gestational age starting in the mid-second trimester for the assessment of severity and counseling. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Polymorphisms of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene family have been proposed as potential variants for different diseases including multiple sclerosis (MS). With respect to MS, IL-1 beta (−511 C/T; rs16944), IL-1 beta (+3954 C/T; rs1143634), IL-1 alpha (−889 C/T; rs1800587), IL-1 alpha (+4845 G/T; rs17561), and the variable number of tandem repeats in intron 2 of the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) gene polymorphisms have been studied in different ethnic groups, leading to conflicting results. Methods: This study investigates the association between IL-1 genes and MS by means of 70 markers spanning the 1.1 Mb region where the IL-1 genes map and exploring both the linkage disequilibrium (LD) and the haplotype structure in a case–control design including 410 subjects (160 patients and 250 controls). Results: From allelic/genotypic tests, significant association was found for several polymorphisms including the IL-1 beta (−511 C/T) variant ( P-adjusted = 4.5 × 10−4) and some polymorphisms around the IL-1RN gene. The ‘block-step’ pattern obtained from both the LD map and pairwise analysis identifies four LD regions. Region 1 showed a significant association with MS for the global test ( P < 0.0001) and haplotypes containing the IL-1 beta (−511 C/T) variant still demonstrate highly significant association with disease ( P-value range: 9.9 × 10−5 to 0.02). Conclusions: Our findings support the existence of a causative variant for MS within this candidate region in a representative Italian Caucasian population and, in particular, the role of the IL-1 beta (−511 C/T) variant warrants further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene family has been associated with susceptibility to periodontal diseases, including aggressive periodontitis (AgP); however, the results are still conflicting. The present study investigated the association between IL-1 genes and AgP using 70 markers spanning the 1.1-Mb region, where the IL-1 gene family maps, and exploring both the linkage disequilibrium (LD) and the haplotype structure in a case-control study including 95 patients and 121 control individuals. No association between AgP and IL1A, IL1B, and IL1RN genes was found in either single- point or haplotype analyses. Also, the LD map of the region 2q13--14 under the Malécot model for multiple markers showed no causal association between AgP and polymorphisms within the region (p = 0.207). In conclusion, our findings failed to support the existence of a causative variant for generalized AgP within the 2q13--14 region in an Italian Caucasian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]