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Objectives: To assess the association between the enhancement pattern of the pancreatic parenchyma on preoperative multiphasic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and the occurrence of postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis (PPAP) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). Methods: A total of 513 patients who underwent PD were retrospective enrolled. The CT attenuation values of the nonenhanced (N), arterial (A), portal venous (P), and late (L) phases in the pancreatic parenchyma were measured on preoperative multiphasic CECT. The enhancement pattern was quantized by the CT attenuation value ratios in each phase. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were computed to evaluate predictive performance. Regression analyses were used to identify independent risk factors for PPAP. Results: PPAP developed in 102 patients (19.9%) and was associated with increased morbidity and a worse postoperative course. The A/P ratio, P/L ratio, and A/L ratio were significantly higher in the PPAP group. On the ROC analysis, the A/L ratio and A/P ratio both performed well in predicting PPAP (A/L: AUC = 0.7579; A/P: AUC = 0.7497). On multivariate analyses, the A/L ratio > 1.29 (OR 4.30 95% CI: 2.62–7.06, p < 0.001) and A/P ratio > 1.13 (OR 5.02 95% CI: 2.98–8.45, p < 0.001) were both independent risk factors of PPAP in each model. Conclusions: The enhancement pattern of the pancreatic parenchyma on multiphasic preoperative CECT is a good predictor of the occurrence of PPAP after PD, which could help clinicians identify high-risk patients or enable selective enhance recovery protocols. Clinical relevance statement: Preoperative identification of patients at high risk for postpancreatectomy acute pancreatitis by enhancement patterns of the pancreatic parenchyma allows surgeons to tailor their perioperative management and take precautions. Key Points: PPAP is associated with increased risk of postoperative complications and a worse postoperative course. A rapid-decrease enhancement pattern of the pancreatic parenchyma is related to the occurrence of PPAP. The A/L and A/P ratios were both independent risk factors of PPAP in each multivariate model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although the molecular features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) have been well described, the impact of detailed gene mutation subtypes on disease progression remained unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of different TP53 mutation subtypes on clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with PDAC. Methods: We included 639 patients treated with PDAC in Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine between Jan 2019 and Jun 2021. The genomic alterations of PDAC were analyzed, and the association of TP53 mutation subtypes and other core gene pathway alterations with patients' clinical characteristics were evaluated by Chi-squared test, Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model. Results: TP53 missense mutation was significantly associated with poor differentiation in KRASmut PDAC (50.7% vs. 36.1%, P = 0.001). In small-sized (≤ 2 cm) KRASmut tumors, significantly higher LNs involvement (54.8% vs. 23.5%, P = 0.010) and distal metastic rate (20.5% vs. 2.9%, P = 0.030) were observed in those with TP53 missense mutation instead of truncating mutation. Compared with TP53 truncating mutation, missense mutation was significantly associated with reduced DFS (6.6 [5.6–7.6] vs. 9.2 [5.2–13.3] months, HR 0.368 [0.200–0.677], P = 0.005) and OS (9.6 [8.0-11.1] vs. 18.3 [6.7–30.0] months, HR 0.457 [0.248–0.842], P = 0.012) in patients who failed to receive chemotherapy, while higher OS (24.2 [20.8–27.7] vs. 23.8 [19.0–28.5] months, HR 1.461 [1.005–2.124], P = 0.047) was observed in TP53missense cases after chemotherapy. Conclusions: TP53 missense mutation was associated with poor tumor differentiation, and revealed gain-of-function properties in small-sized KRAS transformed PDAC. Nonetheless, it was not associated with insensitivity to chemotherapy, highlighting the neoadjuvant therapy before surgery as the potential optimized strategy for the treatment of a subset of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SiC-particulate-reinforced aluminum matrix composites (SiCp/Al MMCs) are widely used in the aerospace field due to their high specific stiffness and strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, and good radiation resistance. In the process of application and promotion, there is a connection problem between the aluminum matrix composites and electronic glass. In this work, the lead-free SiO2-B2O3-Na2O glass filler was used to seal 65 vol.% SiCp/ZL102 composites and DM305 electronic glass in an atmospheric environment. The effects of the sealing temperature on the properties of the joints were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Additionally, the causes of defects and the fracture mechanisms of the joints were analyzed. The results showed that the glass filler and base material were connected through a dual mechanism of an Al, Na, Si, and O element diffusion reaction and a mechanical occlusion. At a sealing temperature of 540 °C and a holding time of 30 min, the joint interface was dense and crack-free. Meanwhile, the average shear strength reached 13.0 MPa, and the leakage rate of air tightness was 1 × 10−9 Pa·m3/s. The brittle fracture features were revealed by the step-like morphology of the fracture, which originated from the brazing seam and propagated into the pore. The crack gradually propagated into the base material on both sides as the fracture area expanded, ultimately resulting in a fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increased postoperative serum amylase has been recently reported to be associated with increased postoperative morbidity, but studies on postoperative serum lipase are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the value of postoperative serum lipase in predicting clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). A retrospective analysis was performed on 212 patients who underwent PD from September 2018 and March 2021, focusing on the association between postoperative day (POD) 1 serum lipase and CR-POPF. Overall, 108 (50.9%) patients had elevated serum lipase levels (>68 U/L) on POD 1. Patients with elevated serum lipase exhibited a significantly higher incidence of CR-POPF (37.0% vs. 6.7%, p < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses showed improved diagnostic accuracy for POD 1 serum lipase compared with POD 1 serum amylase in predicting CR-POPF (AUC: 0.801 vs. 0.745, p = 0.029). Elevated serum lipase on POD 1 and elevated serum CRP on POD 3 were identified as independent predictors of CR-POPF. A simple early postoperative model, consisting of POD 1 serum lipase levels and POD 3 serum CRP levels, showed good discrimination (AUC 0.76, 95% CI 0.69–0.83) to identify the onset of CR-POPF. Serum lipase on POD 1 outperformed serum amylase on POD 1 in predicting CR-POPF after PD. The combination of POD 1 serum lipase and POD 3 serum CRP provides a reliable predicting model for CR-POPF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the deadliest gastrointestinal cancers, accounting for the fourth highest number of cancer-related fatalities. Increasing data suggests that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) might influence the drug resistance of GC cells in the tumor microenvironment and play essential roles in drug resistance development. However, the precise underlying process remains a mystery. The purpose of this study was to look at the control of MSC-induced SNHG7 in pancreatic cancer. In vitro and in vivo sphere formation, colony formation, and flow cytometry investigations revealed the stemness and Folfirinox resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. To confirm the direct connections between SNHG7 and other related targets, RNA pulldown and immunoprecipitation tests were performed. MSC co-culture enhanced the stemness and Folfirinox resistance in pancreatic cancer cells according to the findings. MSC co-culture increased SNHG7 expression in pancreatic cancer cells, contributing to the stemness and Folfirinox resistance. We demonstrated that Notch1 interacted with SNHG7 and could reverse the facilitative effect of SNHG7 on the stemness and Folfirinox resistance in pancreatic cancer cells. Finally, our findings showed that MSCs increased SNHG7 expression in pancreatic cancer cells, promoting the stemness and Folfirinox resistance via the Notch1/Jagged1/Hes-1 signaling pathway. These findings could provide a novel approach and therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In previous studies, it's recommended that the lymph node involvement should be evaluated with enough examined lymph nodes (eLNs) in the 8th American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for pancreatic cancer. This study aims to put forward a rescue staging system for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients with inadequate eLNs after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). 11,224 PDAC patients undergoing PD in The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included. Another Ruijin Pancreatic Disease Center (RJPDC) database consisted of 821 patients was utilized for external validation. The proportions of patients with eLNs≥15 were 44.7% and 32.8% in SEER and RJPDC database separately. The rescue staging system was put forward relying on LNR (HR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.74–1.92, P < 0.001) for N staging of eLNs<15 population and pLNs for the rest. The TNM modalities were also rearranged in the rescue system for better survival coordination. The C-index of rescue staging system was 0.638 while that of AJCC 8th staging system was 0.613 in SEER database. Similar phenomena were observed in RJPDC database. Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed reliable internal coherences (SEER: Ib: P = 0.26; IIa: P = 0.063; IIb: P = 0.53; IIIa: P = 0.11. RJPDC: Ib: P = 0.32; IIa: P = 0.66; IIb: P = 0.76; IIIa: P = 0.66) and significant staging efficiency (SEER: P < 0.001; RJPDC: P = 0.002). A rescue staging system was put forward regardless of the eLNs number. And the novel system manifested better predictive capacity than 8th AJCC staging system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Our study examined the association between molecular features and clinical results of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients, aiming to explore the genomic determinants of the recurrence and prognosis of PDAC after surgical removal. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 181 PDAC patients who received pancreatectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy, with 67 patients in the training set. An internal validation set of 48 patients and an external validation set of 66 patients were used to validate the result. Comprehensive genomic profiling was performed on formalin‐fixed paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tumor specimens to determine genomic features using the designed cancer‐related gene panel based on next‐generation sequencing (NGS). Results: Significant differences were identified between the late recurrence (LR) group and early recurrence (ER) group in tumor copy number instability (CNI) levels. Next, the utility of low CNI (the middle and lowest tertile) with regard to predicting LR was confirmed in the training, internal, and external validation sets. Further univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that CNI was an independent predictive and prognostic biomarker, and had higher predictive accuracy for LR than CA19‐9 level, pathological stage, tumor size, and age. In addition, CNI combined with lymph node (LN) metastasis status could provide a more accurate model for predicting LR of PDAC. Conclusion: We discovered and validated the association between CNI and clinical outcome in 181 patients with resectable PDAC, demonstrating the utility of lower tumor CNI levels as biomarkers of postoperative LR and favorable prognosis. Moreover, the combination of CNI and LN metastasis status elevated the predictive accuracy and illuminated strategies for patient stratification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Postoperative acute pancreatitis (POAP) after pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) has been recently recognized as an independent complication that is associated with undesirable postoperative outcomes and often precedes other complications, yet predictive factors attributable to POAP after PD remain elusive. The data from 1465 consecutive patients who underwent laparotomy or minimally invasive robotic PD from March 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. POAP was defined as an elevation of the serum amylase levels above the institution's normal upper limit (100 U/L) on postoperative day (POD) 1. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the predictive factors for POAP after PD and the association between POAP and clinically relevant postoperative pancreatic fistulas (CR-POPFs). Among the 1465 patients, 411 (28%) underwent minimally invasive robotic surgeries, and the overall POAP and CR-POPFs rates were 770 (53%) and 277 (19%), respectively. The female sex (OR 1.76), a normal bilirubin level (OR 1.55), the robotic surgery (OR 1.36), a main pancreatic duct (MPD) ≤3 mm (OR 5.69) and a high-risk nonadenocarcinoma pathology (cystic disease: OR 4.33; pNETs: OR 4.34; others: OR 2.74) were considered independent risk factors for POAP. A nondilated MPD was a predominant predictor for POAP, with 72.2% sensitivity and 71.8% specificity. POAP was also an independent predictive factor for CR-POPFs (OR 3.48). A nondilated MPD, a high-risk pathology, the female sex, a normal bilirubin level and the robotic surgery were independent predictive factors for POAP after PD. Prevention and early treatment strategy changes can be made based on these preoperative predictive factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aluminum metal matrix composites with high SiC particle content (SiCp/Al MMCs) was surface metalized with Ti layer by magnetron sputtering technology, and reaction brazing was performed on it by using rapidly cooled Al-12Si-5Mg (wt.%) foil as filler metal. Microstructures and properties of the brazed joints were observed and discussed by secondary electron imaging and shearing test, respectively. The bonding mechanisms of SiC particle/Ti coating layer/filler interfaces were analyzed by the thermodynamic method and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis. Results show that void-free joint is obtained at 575°C for a soaking time of 30 min, and it achieves a shear strength of 106.4 MPa. In the brazed seam, continuous Mg-O-rich layer (~1 μm thick) indicates that Mg promotes wetting in progress, and 45.54Ti-15.01Al-39.45Si (wt.%) intermetallic layer shows reaction brazing occurred by active Ti action. However, fracture is prior to occur in the intermetallic layer because of its high briteness when the brazed seam is subjected to high load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aimed to determine the outcome of pancreatic metastatic renal cell carcinoma (PmRCC) after treatment and share the relevent results. Methods: In total, 13 patients with PmRCC were diagnosed and treated in our institution from December 2013 to October 2017. We retrospectively reviewed the records and analyzed the patient demographics, perioperative outcomes, and overall survival. Simultaneously, our experience including treatment and misdiagnosis was shared. Results: The median time between nephrectomy and reoperation for pancreatic recurrence was 11 years (range 1–20 years). Four patients had multiple tumors and nine patients had solitary tumor. Five patients accepted distal pancreatectomy, and five patients underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy. One patient underwent total pancreatectomy, one patient underwent duodenum-preserving pancreatic head resection plus distal pancreatectomy, and one patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and gastrointestinal bypass due to widespread metastasis with clear obstructive symptoms. The misdiagnosis rate of preoperative diagnosis at our center was 69.2% (9/13). The median follow-up duration was 26 months (range 7–53 months, until June 2018). By the end of follow-up, 12 patients were alive and one patient died of gastrointestinal bleeding within 1 month after surgery. Conclusions: PmRCCs are uncommon, but pancreatic metastasectomy has a relatively good prognosis and may, therefore, be a good therapeutic choice for patients with PmRCCs. Because PmRCC occurs long after the primary tumor resection, long-term follow-up is necessary. Besides, detailed medical history and specific manifestation in imaging features could contribute to avoiding misdiagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to use a retrospective data base to investigate whether a standard lymphadenectomy during distal pancreatectomy should include the No. 9 lymph nodes (LNs) for resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) located in the body and tail of the pancreas. Data from 169 patients undergoing curative distal pancreatectomy for PDAC between Jan 1, 2013 and Dec 31, 2016 were collected. According to the tumor location, patients were divided into three groups: pancreatic neck tumor, pancreatic body and tail tumor with margin-to-bifurcation-distance (MTBD) ≤ 2.5 cm and pancreatic body and tail tumor with MTBD > 2.5 cm. The metastatic rate of the No. 9 LNs was compared among the 3 groups. The survival outcomes were analyzed. The involvement rate for No. 9 LNs was 20.7% (6/29) for pancreatic neck tumors, 17.6% (15/85) for body and tail tumors with MTBD ≤ 2.5 cm and 1.8% (1/55) for MTBD > 2.5 cm. The No. 9 LNs were significantly more frequently involved in neck or body and tail tumors with MTBD ≤2.5 cm than with the cases with MTBD >2.5 cm (OR 0.082, P = 0.016). No. 9 LN involvement was not associated with worse survival compared with survival associated with involvement of other LNs (P = 0.780). For PDAC located in the neck or in the body and tail of the pancreas with MTBD ≤ 2.5 cm, the involvement rate for No. 9 LNs is high. Standard lymphadenectomy should include the No. 9 LNs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Compared without electroless Ni-P alloy coating on the SiCp/Al composites, the paper describes the effect of Ni-P deposited layer on the microstructure evolution, shear strength, airtightness and fracture behavior of vacuum brazed joints. Void free and compact reaction layers along the 6063Al/Ni-P deposited layer/filler metal interfaces indicated that the joints exhibit high airtightness with He-leakage less than . Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) analysis showed that the reaction layers mainly included brittle Al-Ni and Al-Cu-Ni intermetallics, where fracture occurred in priority and the shear strength was less than 90 MPa. However, without Ni-P alloy coating, sound joints with high shear strength of 100.1 MPa but low airtightness with He-leakage higher than were also obtained at 590C for soaking time of 30 min. In this case, a few holes that occurred along the filler metal/SiC particle interface significantly decreased the compactness of the joints. Therefore, according to the requirements in practical applications, suitable choice was provided in this research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This experiment chooses A356 aluminum matrix composites containing 55% particle reinforcing phase as the parent metal and ---- alloy metal as the filler metal. The brazing process is carried out in vacuum brazing furnace at the temperature of 550°C and 560°C for 3 min, respectively. The interfacial microstructures and fracture surfaces are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy spectrum analysis (EDS). The result shows that adequacy of element diffusion are superior when brazing at 560°C, because of higher activity and liquidity. Dislocations and twins are observed at the interface between filler and composite due to the different expansion coefficient of the aluminum alloy matrix and particles. The fracture analysis shows that the brittle fracture mainly located at interface of filler and composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Despite progress in diagnostics and treatment of HCC, its prognosis remains poor because the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis are not well understood. In the study, we focused on identifying the role of miRNAs in HCC progression. miRNA microarray was used to analyze the differentially expressed miRNAs, and the results were validated by qPCR. We found that the miR-150-5p expression is down-regulated in HCC tissues compared with pair non-tumor tissues. miR-150-5p expression is also decreased in metastatic cancer tissues compared with pair primary tissues, indicating that miR-150-5p may be involved in HCC metastasis. Functionally, miR-150-5p inhibition significantly promotes hepatoma cell migration and invasion, whereas miR-150-5p overexpression suppresses cancer cell migration and invasion in vitro. The matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14) is identified as a new target gene of miR-150-5p. miR-150-5p markedly inhibits MMP14 expression in hepatoma cells, and miR-150-5p expression is negative correlation with MMP14 expression in vivo. More important, re-expression of MMP14 in hepatoma cells partially reverses the effect of miR-150-5p in inhibiting cell invasion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The prevalence of osteoarthritis of the atlanto-odontoid joint has been reported by radiology, autopsy, and conventional computed tomography (CT), but the prevalence has not yet been assessed by multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). Purpose: To reveal the prevalence of osteoarthritis of the atlanto-odontoid joint and to analyze the inter-relationships among gender, age, and osteoarthritis with MDCT in adults. Material and Methods: First, a series of 700 selected domestic patients aged >18 years undergoing an upper cervical MDCT scan were divided equally into seven age groups. Second, using the postprocessing technique of multiplanar reconstruction, osteoarthritis of the atlanto-odontoid joint was viewed from any direction and classified into four grades, which were normal, mild, moderate, and severe. Lastly, the incidence of the different grades of osteoarthritis was assessed, and the reproducibility was tested. Results: There was no significant difference between gender and osteoarthritis of atlanto-odontoid joint (P > 0.05). The rate of osteoarthritis was 16% in the age group 18-25 years, 23% in the age group 25-30 years, 33% in the age group 30-40 years, 54% in the age group 40-50 years, 70% in the age group 50-60 years, 87% in the age group 60-70 years, and 93% in the age group >70 years. Mild osteoarthritis appeared at the earliest at age 19.6 years, moderate osteoarthritis in at earliest at age 24.2 years, and severe osteoarthritis at the earliest at age 48.5 years. The inter-observer reliability was excellent (k = 0.86). Conclusion: Osteoarthritis of the atlanto-odontoid joint could be detected by MDCT in a young adult. It increased rapidly with increasing age on MDCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Few comparison studies have been carried out on patients with distal pancreatectomy (DP) combined with celiac axis (CA) resection. The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of this extended procedure in treatment of advanced carcinoma of the body/tail of the pancreas. This was a retrospective analysis of 206 patients with carcinoma of the body/tail of the pancreas from January 2003 through June 2008. Patients were divided into three groups based on the relationship of tumor and CA/common hepatic artery (CHA) as well as different treatment strategies. Data for operation time, blood loss, complications, and survival time were collected and statistically analyzed. Sixty-five patients (31.6%) received radical distal pancreatectomy (DP), including 11 patients who underwent DP combined with celiac axis resection (group A) and 54 patients who received conventional DP (group B). Twenty patients did not undergo DP because of CA and/or CHA invasion only (group C). Group A had longer mean operative time than group B (323 versus 225 min, P = 0.000); there was no difference in mean estimated blood loss, percentage of pancreatic fistula or median survival time (14 versus 15 months, P = 0.197). However, group A had significantly prolonged median survival time compared with the 20 patients in group C (14 versus 5 months, P = 0.013), and quality of life was also dramatically improved. DP combined with CA resection can be safely performed in certain patients with carcinoma of body/tail of the pancreas and significantly improves patient survival and quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SiC particulate reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites (SiCp/Al MMCs) are characterized by controllable thermal expansion, high thermal conductivity and lightness. These properties, in fact, define the new promotional material in areas and industries such as the aerospace, automotive and electrocommunication industries. However, the poor weldability of this material becomes its key problem for large-scale applications. Sintering bonding technology was developed to join SiCp/Al MMCs. Cu nanoparticles and liquid Ga were employed as self-fluxing filler metal in air under joining temperatures ranging from 400 °C to 500 °C, with soaking time of 2 h and pressure of 3 MPa. The mechanical properties, microstructure and gas tightness of the joint were investigated. The microstructure analysis demonstrated that the joint was achieved by metallurgical bonding at contact interface, and the sintered layer was composed of polycrystals. The distribution of Ga was quite homogenous in both of sintered layer and joint area. The maximum level of joint shear strength of 56.2 MPa has been obtained at bonding temperature of 450 °C. The specimens sintering bonded in temperature range of 440 °C to 460 °C had qualified gas tightness during the service, which can remain 10−10 Pa·m3/s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this age of human civilization, there is a need for more efficient, cleaner, and renewable energy as opposed to that provided by nonrenewable sources such as coal and oil. In this sense, hydrogen energy has been proven to be a better choice. In this paper, a portable graphite crucible metal smelting furnace was used to prepare ten multi-element aluminum alloy ingots with different components. The microstructure and phase composition of the ingots and reaction products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The reaction was carried out in a constant temperature water bath furnace at 60 °C, and the hydrogen production performance of the multi-element aluminum alloys in different proportions was compared by the drainage gas collection method. The experimental results show that the as-cast microstructure of Al–Ga–In–Sn aluminum alloy is composed of a solid solution of Al and part of Ga, and a second phase of In3Sn. After the hydrolysis reaction, the products were dried at 150 °C and then analyzed by XRD. The products were mainly composed of AlOOH and In3Sn. Alloys with different compositions react at the same hydrolysis temperature, and the hydrogen production performance is related to the ratio of low-melting-point metal elements. By comparing two different ratios of Ga–In–Sn (GIS), the hydrogen production capacity and production rate when the ratio is 6:3:1 are generally higher than those when the ratio is 7:2:1. The second phase content affects the hydrogen production performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (SNHG7) is a novel identified oncogenic gene in tumorigenesis. However, the role that SNHG7 plays in pancreatic cancer (PC) remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the functional effects of SNHG7 on PC and the possible mechanism. Methods: The expression levels of SNHG7 in tissues and cell lines were measured by RT-qPCR. Cell viability, apoptosis, migration and invasion were examined to explore the function of SNHG7 on PC. Bioinformatics methods were used to predict the target genes. The mechanism was further investigated by transfection with specific si-RNA, miRNA mimics or miRNA inhibitor. Tumor xenograft was carried out to verify the effects of SNHG7 in vivo. Results: We found that SNHG7 was overexpressed in both PC tissues and cell lines. High expression level of SNHG7 was correlated with the poor prognosis. SNHG7 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells. Moreover, SNHG7 was found to regulate the expression of ID4 via sponging miR-342-3p. Additionally, this finding was supported by in vivo experiments. Conclusions: LncRNA SNHG7 was overexpressed in PC tissues, and knockdown of SNHG7 suppressed PC cell proliferation, migration and invasion via miR-342-3p/ID4 axis. The results indicated that SNHG7 as a potential target for clinical treatment of PC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]