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In this work, Green and sustainable sorption method for Li(I) from nitrate medium using a solid functionalised Na+ form of Dowex 50WX8 resin was developed. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques were used for characterisations of Dowex resin before and after the loading of Li ions. The batch technique describes the effects of the different parameters affecting the sorption process was carried out. The batch experiments were studied using 100 mg/L Li(I) at the selected sorption conditions (shaking time = 30 min, adsorbent weight = 0.125 g, temperature= 25°C, and pH = 1) which give sorption efficiency = 60%. The experimental maximum sorption capacity of Dowex 50WX8-Na+ after one sorption cycle was found to be 15 mg/g. Thermodynamic studies indicated that the sorption of the Li(I) on Dowex 50WX8-Na+ resin is physical and exothermic adsorption with spontaneous nature. The maximum desorption efficiency of 85% and 70% was achieved with 1.0 M phosphoric acid and oxalic acid, respectively. An industrial application for green recycling and recovery of Li(I) from spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs) through its leaching with ascorbic acid (1.25 M) and H2O2 (10%) was performed. Lithium ions were selectively recovered (uptake %= 96%) from the spent Li-ions batteries leachate which contains associated metal ions (Co, Ni, and Mn) with Dowex 50Wx8-Na+ sorbent. A flow sheet that presents the performance of industrial method developed for the recycling and separation of Li(I) from (LIBs) under optimum sorption conditions is also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current novelty in this study is to recover silver ion with selective extractant such as cyanex 471X (triisobutylphosphine sulfide) through a clean and green method with high efficiency. Herein, a sustainable hydrogel (HEC/AAc/CX3) was fabricated from triisobutylphosphine sulfide, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), and acrylic acid (AAc) using gamma irradiation polymerization and implanted for the sorption of silver Ag (I) ions from a nitrate acidic medium. Different techniques were employed for characterization of HEC/AAc/CX3 hydrogel such as FT-IR, SEM, XRD, and EDX, before and after the sorption process of Ag(I) ions. Gel content and swelling kinetics ratio of hydrogels at different irradiation doses (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 kGy) were studied. The Fickian diffusion model results indicate that HEC/AAc/CX3 hydrogel is non-Fickian diffusion, which confirmed that the diffusion and relaxation rates are compatible and were selected for further sorption of Ag(I). The irradiated HEC/AAc/CX3 hydrogels, which contain 0.1 g of cyanex 471X, were employed for batch sorption of 100 mg/L Ag(I) from an acidic solution, and the suggested conditions were pH = 1, time = 60, and v/m = 0.05 L/g, which gives a sorption percentage of 75%. The values of thermodynamic parameters ΔH, ΔG, and ΔS were evaluated as—62.80 kJ/mol, 5 kJ/mol, and -227 J/mol, which indicate that the sorption system was exothermic and nonspontaneous in nature. The maximum adsorption capacity of irradiated HEC/AAc/CX3 for Ag(I) was found to be 12 mg. g−1 at 298 K. Furthermore, the maximum desorption percent of Ag ions from HEC/AAc/CX3 was found to be 70% and achieved with 0.5 M NH4SCN after one desorption cycle. The prepared hydrogel proved its selectivity towards silver ions with facile desorption steps and reusability cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the sustainability goals is to resource and extracts valuable metals from different spent materials in which they are accumulated and become hazardous waste. A developed Liquid–Liquid extraction (LLE) procedure for Sn(II) extraction from HCl medium using CYANEX 921/kerosene and its recovery from spent LCD screens has been carried out. The effects of the different parameters on the extraction process such as shaking time, [HCl], [H+], [CYANEX921], [Cl−], [Sn+2], loading capacity and temperature were separately investigated. Based on the obtained results and using the slope analysis method, the extracted organic species is proposed to be SnCl2.2CY. 921 and the mean value of Kex for Sn (II) was found to be 23 × 104 M−3. The maximum loading capacity of the used extractant for the extraction of Sn+2 is 0.494 M Sn+2/mole CYANEX 921 and was reached after three extraction stages. The separation feasibility of Sn+2 from In+3 and other interfering ions such as Zn, Co, Ni, Ag and Mn was also investigated. The maximum stripping percentage was 99.5% and 86.2% for Sn+2 and In+3, respectively, and was achieved with 3 M HNO3 after one stripping stage. A developed process for the recovery of stannous from spent LCD screens using the investigated CYANEX 921/kerosene/HCl system is proposed and evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The highly contagious nature of Covid-19 attracted us to this challenging area of research, mainly because the disease is spreading very fast and until now, no effective method of a safe treatment or a vaccine is developed. A library of novel 1,2,3-triazoles based 1,2,4-triazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole and/or 1,3,4-thiadiazole scaffolds were designed and successfully synthesized. Different spectroscopic tools efficiently characterized all the newly synthesized hybrid molecules. An interesting finding is that some of the newly designed compounds revealed two isomeric forms. The ratio is affected by the size of the attached group as well as the type of the heteroatom forming the side ring attached to the central 1,2,3-triazole ring. The experimental spectroscopic data is in agreement with the DFT calculations at B3LYP 6-31G (d,p) with regard to the geometrical conformation of the prepared compounds. The DFT results revealed that the stability of one isomeric form over the other in the range of 0.057–0.161 Kcalmol 1 . A docking study was performed using PyRx and AutoDockVina to investigate the activity of the prepared 1,2,3-triazoles as antiviral agents. Bond affinity scores of the 1,2,3-triazole derivatives were detected in the range of 6.0 to 8.8 kcal/ mol showing binding to the active sites of the 6LU7 protease and hence could be anticipated to inhibit the activity of the enzyme. Verification of the docking results was performed using the Mpro alignment of coronaviruses substrate-binding pockets of COVID-19 against the ligands. As per these results, it can be proposed that the title hybrid molecules are acceptable candidates against COVID-19 for possible medicinal agents [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This is a retrospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of routine use of electronic portal imaging device (EPID) in intensity-modulated radiation therapy for localised prostate cancer. Materials and methods: Data from 20 patients with localised prostate cancer treated by radical radiotherapy using intensity-modulated technique in Habib Bourguiba Hospital were analysed to define the action levels for pretreatment planer dose distribution of 100 treatment fields and the set-up errors of 418 portal imaging. Pretreatment planar dose distribution was measured with the EPID. The additional dose from repeated portal imaging was determined with treatment planning system. Results: For all 100 fields, the predicted and the measured planar dose distribution agrees well with mean±standard deviation value for γ max=2·31±0·57, γ avg=0·36±0·07 and γ %≤1=98·94%±0·71%, respectively. For the evaluation of set-up errors, the mean total errors with 1 SD in the lateral, longitudinal and vertical directions were 0·11±0·44 cm; 0·02±0·37 cm and −0·02±0·21 cm, respectively. The imaging additional dose was evaluated as 1 cGy per monitor unit. Conclusion: EPID is a useful tool to verify pretreatment dose distribution and to assess the correct field position without a significant increase in the absorbed dose due to the repetition of portal imaging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of Ti(IV) from nitric acid has been carried out using some organophosphorus extractants in kerosene. The Ti(IV) extraction in the investigated systems is endothermic. Oxalic acid was effective for stripping Ti(IV). The maximum loading of Ti(IV) was found to be 6.13 × 10−3, 6.175 × 10−3and 5.005 × 10−3M of Ti(IV) per mole extractant for CYANEX 925, 923 and 921, respectively, after five extraction stages. Kerosene is a more effective diluent for extraction of Ti(IV). FT-IR characterization and the separation of Ti(IV) are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Extraction of Pd(II) from nitric acid solution with CYANEX 471X in chloroform was carried out using liquid–liquid extraction and emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) techniques. Extraction equilibrium was postulated using the slope analysis method. KSCN solution efficiently stripped Pd(II). In the ELM investigations, the effects of the different parameters affecting the membrane stability were studied. The prepared membrane was found to be selective for Pd(II) extraction in the presence of some interfering ions and its permeation reached 98%. The kinetics of Pd(II) permeation through the prepared membrane indicated that the rate of permeation depends on the carrier, Pd(II), and nitric acid concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infections caused by foodborne pathogens such as Listeria monocytogenes pose a threat to public health while timely detection is challenging due to pathogen low numbers. The development of robust and efficient sample preparation techniques is crucial to improve detection sensitivity and workflow. Immunomagnetic separation using magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) is attractive, as it can efficiently capture target cells. For food safety applications, a platform is needed to rapidly process large sample volumes, allowing capture and release of target bacteria conjugated to immunomagnetic nanoparticles (IMNPs). Herein, we demonstrate a method for magnetic capture and release of bacteria-IMNPs complex based on a 3D magnetic trap integrated on a polymeric microfluidic device. The 3D magnetic capture region consist of a dense array of high-aspect ratio (3 : 1) cylindrical pillars embossed in thermoplastic polymer and coated with soft ferromagnetic nickel by an electroless deposition technique. This allows the generation of strong and switchable magnetic capture regions due to the very low remanence of the nickel shell. We propose and validate an optimized configuration of capture regions for efficient localized capture and rapid release of MNPs and IMNPs conjugated to L. monocytogenes. A maximum recovery rate for MNPs corresponded to 91% while a maximum capture efficiency of 30% was obtained for live bacteria, with a minimum detectable sample concentration of ~10 cfu ml−1 in 1 ml volume using plate-culture method. We believe that the flexible design and low-cost fabrication process of the proposed system will allow rapid sample preparation for applications beyond food and water safety, including point-of-care diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-term in vitro culture and differentiation of human pancreatic islets is still hindered by the inability to emulate a suitable microenvironment mimicking physiological extracellular matrix (ECM) support and nutrient/oxygen perfusion. This is further amplified by the current lack of a non-invasive and rapid monitoring system to readily evaluate cellular processes. In this study, we realized a viable method for non-invasively monitoring isolated human pancreatic islets in vitro. Islets are induced to dedifferentiate into proliferative duct-like structures (DLS) in preparation for potential and subsequent re-differentiation into functional islet-like structures (ILS) in a process reminiscent of islet regeneration strategies. This long-term in vitro process is conducted within a three-dimensional microenvironment involving islets embedded in an optimized ECM gel supported by microfabricated three-dimensional scaffolds. The islet-scaffold is then housed and continuously perfused within chambers of a bioreactor platform. The process in its entirety is monitored through dielectric spectroscopy measurements, yielding an accurate representation of cellular morphology, functionality, and volume fraction. This non-invasive and real-time monitoring tool can be further manipulated to elucidate important information about the optimized cellular microenvironment required for maintaining long-term culture and achieve efficient differentiation for islet regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human pancreatic islets are seldom assessed for dynamic responses to external stimuli. Thus, the elucidation of human islet functionality would provide insights into the progression of diabetes mellitus, evaluation of preparations for clinical transplantation, as well as for the development of novel therapeutics. The objective of this study was to develop a microfluidic platform for in vitro islet culture, allowing the multi-parametric investigation of islet response to chemical and biochemical stimuli. This was accomplished through the fabrication and implementation of a microfluidic platform that allowed the perifusion of islet culture while integrating real-time monitoring using impedance spectroscopy, through microfabricated, interdigitated electrodes located along the microchamber arrays. Real-time impedance measurements provide important dielectric parameters, such as cell membrane capacitance and cytoplasmic conductivity, representing proliferation, differentiation, viability, and functionality. The perifusion of varying glucose concentrations and monitoring of the resulting impedance of pancreatic islets were performed as proof-of-concept validation of the lab-on-chip platform. This novel technique to elucidate the underlying mechanisms that dictate islet functionality is presented, providing new information regarding islet function that could improve the evaluation of islet preparations for transplantation. In addition, it will lead to a better understanding of fundamental diabetes-related islet dysfunction and the development of therapeutics through evaluation of potential drug effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Initial presentation of invasive fungal infections such as histoplasmosis can include non-specific clinical manifestations, especially in immunocompromised patients. A high index of suspicion is required to identify atypical manifestations of these diseases, which carry a high risk of mortality, if the diagnosis is delayed or missed. We describe a case of a kidney transplant recipient with cutaneous lesions as initial manifestation of progressive disseminated histoplasmosis where a skin biopsy was crucial to an early diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Oncologie (Tech Science Press) is the property of Tech Science Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Oncologie (Tech Science Press) is the property of Tech Science Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The separation and recovery of divalent zinc and cobalt ions from mixed sulfate and thiocyanate solutions have been carried out using CYANEX 921 (trioctylphosphine oxide), CYANEX 923 (a mixture of straight chain alkylated phosphine oxides), and CYANEX 925 (a mixture of branched chain alkylated phosphine oxides) in kerosene. Different parameters affecting the extraction equilibrium of Zn(II) and Co(II) in addition to temperature, were studied and the stoichiometry of the extracted Zn(II) and Co(II) species were postulated based on the slope analysis method. The extraction percent of the metal ions was found to increase with increasing pH and zinc was preferentially extracted over cobalt with CYANEX 925. The respective loaded organic phases were stripped with different mineral acids. The highest separation factor was obtained when using 0.015 M CYANEX 925 as extractant. Based on the obtained results, the application of the method was tested to separate Zn(II) and Co(II) from Nickel Metal Hydride batteries (Ni-MH batteries) leached by 2.0 M H2SO4 and good results were obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A solvent extraction study has been carried out to extract and separate zirconium and hafnium from nitrate medium by using some phosphine oxide extractants (CYANEX 921, CYANEX 923, and CYANEX 925) in kerosene. The influence of the different factors affecting the extraction process was studied in detail. Apparently the rate of extraction of Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) in CYANEX 921, CYANEX 923, and CYANEX 925 is reasonably fast. The extraction increases with increasing temperature, suggesting that the reaction is endothermic. The stripping percent of Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) by 0.5 M HNO3 from the loaded organic phase after two stages reached 97.5% and 10.2%, respectively, which lead to good separation of the two metals. Under the optimum conditions, the extraction of zirconium was about 90, 87.6, and 91.6% and separation factors equal to 17, 21.4, and 40.7 were obtained for CYANEX 921, CYANEX 923, and CYANEX 925, respectively. The results obtained reveal that 2.0 M nitric acid is the optimum acid concentration for the separation of Zr(IV) and Hf(IV) and 0.4 M CYANEX 925 performs more efficient separation compared with other organophosphorus extractants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Cancer / Journal Africain du Cancer is the property of Lavoisier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Oncologie (Tech Science Press) is the property of Tech Science Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The solvent extraction of Cu(II) with CYANEX 302 (bis(2,4,4-trimethyl-pentyl) monothiophosphinic acid) in kerosene from different aqueous solutions including sulphate, chloride, and nitrate media has been systematically investigated. The effect of various parameters such as the time of equilibration, pH, the extractant and metal concentrations, the temperature, as well as the effect of anions on the extraction process has been studied. An equilibrium equation is proposed assuming that copper was first extracted as Cu2+ followed by reduction of CuA2(HA)2 to Cu+ while the CYANEX 302 extractant is correspondingly oxidized. The thermodynamic parameters, free energy (ΔG), enthalpy (ΔH), and entropy (ΔS), have been calculated. The stripping of Cu(II) from loaded organic solutions by using different stripping agents showed that effective stripping is obtained upon using high concentration of nitric acid which oxidizes the extracted Cu(I) to Cu(II). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of lanthanum(III) and samarium(III) from nitrate solutions by some phosphine oxide compounds (Cyanex 921, Cyanex 923, and Cyanex 925) in kerosene was investigated. The influence of the different factors affecting the extraction was studied in detail. The extraction of these metals using the above extractants was compared and the sequence of extraction was found to be Cyanex 921>Cyanex 923≫Cyanex 925. The stripping percent of La(III) and Sm(III) by 0.75 M HNO3 from the loaded organic phase after two stages were 72% and 5.2%, respectively, which could enable a good separation between these two lanthanides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solvent extraction of Zr(IV) from aqueous nitrate medium has been studied using thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA) as extractant in six different diluents (kerosene, chloroform (CHCl 3 ), carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), benzene, toluene, and nitrobenzene). The effects of concentration of HNO 3 , H + , NO 3 - and HTTA as well as temperature on the extraction process has been investigated. The species extracted into the organic phase appears to be zirconium with three or four molecules of HTTA. The equilibrium constants (K ex ) of the extracted complexes have been evaluated and correlated with the dielectric constants and dipole moments of the investigated diluents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solid-liquid extraction has been used to study the uptake of uranium(VI) and thorium(IV) from sulphuric acid using a TVEX-PHOR resin. The experimental results were found to fit the BET isotherm and show a higher affinity of the TVEX-PHOR resin towards the extraction of uranium than thorium under similar experimental conditions. The best separation of uranium from thorium is obtained from 3M sulphuric acid at V/ m ratio of 20 ml/g. Elution of loaded uranium and thorium was carried out with 1M sodium carbonate and 0.075M sulphuric acid, respectively. After the elution of both elements, the regenerated resin could be reused with high efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solvent extraction of Pr(III) and Th(IV) has been investigated with commercial extractants of CYANEX 301 (bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) dithiophosphinic acid) and CYANEX 302 (bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid) in kerosene from nitrate medium. The effects of various parameters affecting the extraction equilibrium of Th(IV) and Pr(III), including temperature, were studied and the stoichiometry of the extracted Th(IV) and Pr(III) species was elucidated. The separation of Th(IV) from Pr(III) depending on the difference in the extraction behavior of the two extractants towards these metals is given and discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of U(IV) by bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) monothiophosphinic acid (CYANEX 302) in kerosene from nitric acid solution has been investigated under equilibrium conditions. The effects of the different parameters affecting the extraction process were studied and the stoichiometry of the extracted species was elucidated. The kinetics of this extraction was also investigated using a stirred Lewis cell. The effects of the different parameters affecting the extraction rate as well as the temperature were separately investigated. The results are interpreted by a reaction mechanism where the extraction process of U(IV) is controlled by a chemical reaction at the interface rather than in the bulk phase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The extraction of U(IV) from phosphoric acid by octylphenyl acid phosphate (OPAP) in kerosene was investigated. Parameters affecting the extraction of U(IV) from phosphoric acid were investigated. The effects of H3PO4, H2SO4, H2O2, Na2CO3 and (NH4)2CO3 concentrations, phase ratio and temperature on the stripping of uranium from the organic phase were studied. Based on the bench-scale results, a continuous counter-current extraction flow sheet was developed and tested using a 16-stage horizontal type mixer settler. The continuous extraction scrubbing stripping showed that the extraction efficiency of the developed process is 99%, whereas the stripping efficiency is 97%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schiff bases encompassing a 1,2,3-triazole motif were synthesized using an efficient multi-step synthesis. The formations of targeted Schiff base ligands were confirmed by different spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and CHN analysis). The spectral data analysis revealed that the newly designed hydrazones exist as a mixture of trans-E and cis-E diastereomers. Densityfunctional theory calculations (DFT) for the Schiff bases showed that the trans-trans form has the lowest energy structure with maximum stability compared to the other possible geometrical isomers that could be present due to the orientation of the amidic NH–C=O group. The energy differences between the trans-trans on one side and syn-syn and syn-trans isomers on the other side were 9.26 and 5.56 kcal/mol, respectively. A quantitative structure-activity relationship investigation was also performed in terms of density functional theory. The binding affinities of the newly synthesized bases are, maybe, attributed to the presence of hydrogen bonds together with many hydrophobic interactions between the ligands and the active amino acid residue of the receptor. The superposition of the inhibitor N3 and an example ligand into the binding pocket of 7BQY is also presented. Further interesting comparative docking analyses were performed. Quantitative structure-activity relationship calculations are presented, illustrating possible inhibitory activity. Further computer-aided cytotoxicity analysis by Drug2Way and PASS online software was carried out for Schiff base ligands against various cancer cell lines. Overall, the results of this study suggest that these Schiff base derivatives may be considered for further investigation as possible therapeutic agents for COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The kinetics of extraction of U(IV) by TBP in kerosene was investigated using a stirred Lewis cell. The effect of the different parameters affecting the extraction rate as well as temperature were separately investigated. The rate equation deduced from the experimental results show that the extraction of U(IV) is first order dependent on TBP concentration while it is of zero order with respect to U(IV), H+, NO and HNO3 concentrations. The data obtained show that the extraction process is governed by chemical reactions taking place at teh interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myoepithelial carcinomas are tumors arising from myoepithelial cells mainly or exclusively, they showed varied cell types and patterns leading to a wide range of differential diagnoses. Immunohistochemical analysis helped to determine the diagnosis. Recognition of myoepithelial carcinoma is clinically significant because, compared to its benign counterpart (myoepithelioma), It has increased frequency of local recurrences and metastases, which warrants close clinical follow-up. The aim of this case report was to present a rare neoplasm, myoepithelial carcinoma arising from a benign myoepithelioma of the palate, and to review its diagnostic criteria, pathologic and clinical characteristics, treatment options and prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Myoepithelial carcinomas are tumors arising from myoepithelial cells mainly or exclusively, they showed varied cell types and patterns leading to a wide range of differential diagnoses. Immunohistochemical analysis helped to determine the diagnosis. Recognition of myoepithelial carcinoma is clinically significant because, compared to its benign counterpart (myoepithelioma), It has increased frequency of local recurrences and metastases, which warrants close clinical follow-up. The aim of this case report was to present a rare neoplasm, myoepithelial carcinoma arising from a benign myoepithelioma of the palate, and to review its diagnostic criteria, pathologic and clinical characteristics, treatment options and prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal Africain D'Hépato-Gastroentérologie is the property of Lavoisier and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Oncologie (Tech Science Press) is the property of Tech Science Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A new program of K-isomer research has been initiated with the 8π spectrometer sited at the ISAC facility of TRIUMF. We discuss in this paper the identification of a new 2.3 s isomer in 174Tm and its implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aims of this work were to measure the entrance and exit dose for patient treated for head and neck tumors. The target absorbed dose was determined from the exit and entrance dose measurement. Twenty patients were evaluated. The results were compared to the calculated values and the midline dose was determinate and compared with the prescribed dose. 80 entrance doses and 80 exit doses measurements were performed. The average difference from expected values was 1.93% for entrance dose (SD 1.92%) and –0.34% for exit dose (SD 4.1%). The target absorbed dose differed from prescribed dose values by 2.94% (1.97%) for the results using the Noël method and 3.34% (SD: 2.29%) with the Rizzotti method. The total uncertainty budget in the measurement of the absorbed entrance and exit dose with diode, including diode reading, correction factors and diode calibration coefficient, is determined as 3.02% (1 s). Simple in vivo dose measurements are an additional safeguard against major setup errors and calculation or transcription errors that were missed during pre-treatment chart check. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]