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Mars Food UK commissioned the British Nutrition Foundation ( BNF) to develop the N utrition C ompass, and have applied this to building healthy recipes and meals. The research conducted by BNF, comparing popular meals in the UK against a set of nutritional criteria based on UK nutrient and food-based recommendations, culminated in this tool, which can be applied to evaluate the 'healthiness' of a recipe based on the criteria developed. Key outcomes showed that meals made from partly pre-prepared ingredients compare well with meals cooked from scratch provided they are used in a meal occasion that includes a healthy balance of food groups such as starchy carbohydrates, vegetables and protein-rich foods. The development of the N utrition C ompass has allowed recipes and recipe suggestions to be optimised using partly pre-prepared ingredients. Small changes in a recipe can result in a significantly healthier meal ( e.g. adding vegetables or baking rather than frying, which is comparable for taste, convenience and affordability). Mars Food UK is exploring how this tool can be used more widely across the business and how it can be used to enable consumers to eat healthier meals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Notwithstanding impressive developments in SDI in exchange, sharing, accessibility, and use of spatial data, its operational implementation appears sometimes problematic. This paper explores conditions and factors for effective and sustainable use of SDI and suggests that the inherent complexity of SDI requires a multi-faceted way of monitoring and evaluation rather than confinement to the limited scope of objective oriented performance only. Critical issues, challenges, and dilemmas can be identified while looking at SDI as facilitator of communication, as networked infrastructure, as socio-technical actor-network, as common-pool resource, and as community of practice. Finally, the paper suggests institutionalization of SDI within a spatial data community as a unifying concept towards effectiveness and sustainability of SDI initiatives while recognizing their inherent complexities. Institutionalization is the process in which the SDI will gain an institutional (structural) role within the spatial data community in which it is embedded and consequently contributes to effective exchange, sharing, accessibility, and use of spatial data. The paper also discusses some operational conditions to this end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]