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The assembly building M&E (Monitoring and Evaluation) system is a vital part of the transformation of China's construction industry, featuring intelligent control, high efficiency, and high safety. The article provides a comprehensive review of research related to assembly M&E systems from the perspective of the whole life cycle of assembly, containing 125 journal articles from 1993 to 2024. The article analyzes some policies with updated iterations in the United States, Japan, Germany, Denmark, France, and the European Union. The literature review and semi-structured interviews with experts identified significant constraints limiting the various stages of the entire life cycle of assembled MEP (mechanical, electrical, and plumbing) systems. The absence of uniform design standards, personnel collaboration, prefabricated component testing, transportation, information utilization, intelligent testing, and recycling of disassemblability that can occur in the entire life cycle of assembled MEP systems are summarized. Finally, the article suggests that assembly M&E systems can be shared and marketed to improve the economic viability of assembly M&E systems and their wide application in the areas of technology, platform, and demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid urbanization has promoted the development in human production and living standards, and the metabolic rhythm of metal resources has accelerated. Grasping the metabolic processes of metal resources and predicting their future development trends can help the country refine the formulation and adaptability of metal resource production and the recycling strategies for sustainable development. In this study, from the perspective of the entire life cycle of steel resources as an example, a system dynamics-based metal resource metabolism prediction model was established to predict the steel resources in the three stages, including production, in-use and end-of-life recycling. The trend in changes in steel resources production, in-use stock, end-of-life and recycling in mainland China from 1990 to 2020 were also analyzed. The results show that the volume of all stages of steel resource metabolism in mainland China from 1990 to 2020 has shown an increasing trend, and will reach a peak around 2040 and then remain stable. The steel resources in all the metabolism stages in mainland China were predominantly distributed in buildings. In mainland China, steel resource production efficiency reached above 0.9 and the steel resource outflow rate was 0.079, within which the domestic scrap rate reached 0.022 and the recycling rate reached above 0.8. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of World of Real Estate Journal / Swiat Nieruchomosci is the property of Foundation of the Cracow University of Economics and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the rapid development of highway and railway transportation in China, many tunnels are constructed at the same time within the same region. It has become a challenge how to control dynamically such a large number of tunnel structures in long-term operation and ensure their safety. In this work, we focus on the construction of common characteristics of these tunnels built during the same period in the same region. In particular, we propose a concept and a systematic component of long-term health monitoring and develop a representative system of tunnel structure for such regional tunnels. Aiming at the engineering background, we consider the soft-rock tunnels in the Guang-Gan Expressway (GGE), which are located at the core of the Wenchuan earthquake zone, taking the Dujiashan Tunnel as a representative project. Based on the loading data of the secondary lining from long-term monitoring, the fuzzy model is employed to evaluate the structure conditions for its safety. On the basis of such theoretical analysis, we therefore establish the relationships between the representative project and other soft-rock tunnels, and then the structural safety status of the nonrepresentative project is deduced and achieved. The present study shows that the vast majority of segments of the soft-rock tunnels on the GGE are safe. At the same time, the network transmission hardware platform and security evaluation with the alerting software system are installed successfully for those tunnels. Using the long-term health monitoring and representative system of tunnel structure for soft-rock tunnels at the core of the Wenchuan earthquake zone, real-time monitoring and management of the safe status of all the soft-rock tunnels on the GGE across the entire life cycle can be realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]