10 results on '"Gsottbauer, Elisabeth"'
Search Results
2. External validity of economic experiments on Agri‐environmental scheme design.
- Author
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Ferré, Marie, Engel, Stefanie, and Gsottbauer, Elisabeth
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL economics ,AGRICULTURAL policy ,AGRICULTURAL economics ,COLLEGE students - Abstract
The use of laboratory experiments to study issues in agricultural policy has grown in prominence within the fields of agricultural and environmental economics. Such experiments are often conducted with university students and framed in an abstract manner. This raises questions about whether the findings of these experiments provide reliable insights on the behaviour of actual agents in real settings. We contribute to this methodological debate by analysing the impacts of sample population and framing on behaviour in the experiment and on two policy effects: the direction and the magnitude of the policy impact. We also examine the channels through which differences in results may occur. For this, we test if behaviour is correlated with a set of covariates collected from our samples, including socio‐demographics, social and risk preferences. Our main finding is that the type of subject significantly affects the magnitude of the policy impact. The two populations differ substantially in the representation of key characteristics and preferences, which in consequence affects behaviour in the experiment. We find no significant impact of framing on behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Accounting for preferences and beliefs in social framing effects.
- Author
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Bernold, Elizabeth, Gsottbauer, Elisabeth, Ackermann, Kurt A., and Murphy, Ryan O.
- Subjects
FRAMES (Social sciences) ,PUBLIC goods ,SOCIAL values - Abstract
Past experiments show systematic differences in contributions to public goods under various framing conditions. Several explanations of these differences have been presented. Some suggest that social frames affect subjects' preferences, while others suggest that framing changes subjects' beliefs about others, and thus in turn affects behavior. In this paper, we test the effect of framing on the level of contributions in a series of public goods games designed to separate the impact of preferences from beliefs in shaping cooperative decisions. This is achieved by implementing a social value orientation measure to elicit social preferences from decision makers, which are then analyzed in concert with reported beliefs about others' cooperation and own contribution decisions from the linear public goods games. While we find mixed results on framing effects, our study demonstrates that preferences and beliefs are significant predictors of cooperation. Furthermore, the degree to which they influence cooperation is either strengthened or weakened by framing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Social Class and (Un)Ethical Behaviour: Causal and Correlational Evidence.
- Author
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Gsottbauer, Elisabeth, Müller, Daniel, Müller, Samuel, Trautmann, Stefan T, and Zudenkova, Galina
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GERMANS ,SOCIOECONOMIC status - Abstract
Are individuals of higher socio-economic status less ethical than those of lower status? Highly popularised research findings claim that this is the case. This paper provides evidence against this claim, based on data from two large survey experiments with more than 11,000 participants. We prime social status in two heterogeneous samples of the German population and then elicit ethical behaviour in an incentivised experimental task. Thus, our data allows us to study both correlation (using demographic data) and causality (using the priming). Our study rejects the claim that higher social status individuals are less ethical on both accounts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A dual-track transition to global carbon pricing: the glass is half full.
- Author
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van den Bergh, Jeroen C. J. M., Angelsen, Arild, Baranzini, Andrea, Botzen, W. J. Wouter, Carattini, Stefano, Drews, Stefan, Dunlop, Tessa, Galbraith, Eric, Gsottbauer, Elisabeth, Howarth, Richard B., Padilla, Emilio, Roca, Jordi, and Schmidt, Robert C.
- Subjects
CARBON pricing ,GOVERNMENT policy ,SOCIAL scientists ,ENVIRONMENTAL sciences ,ENERGY economics ,ENERGY tax ,CARBON cycle - Published
- 2020
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6. A dual-track transition to global carbon pricing.
- Author
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van den Bergh, Jeroen C. J. M., Angelsen, Arild, Baranzini, Andrea, Botzen, W. J. W., Carattini, Stefano, Drews, Stefan, Dunlop, Tessa, Galbraith, Eric, Gsottbauer, Elisabeth, Howarth, Richard B., Padilla, Emilio, Roca, Jordi, and Schmidt, Robert C.
- Subjects
CARBON pricing ,CLIMATE change conferences ,CARBON taxes ,LOW-income countries ,EMISSIONS trading ,CLIMATE change - Abstract
Unilateral climate policies have been unable to achieve intended emissions reductions. We argue that international harmonization of climate policy beyond the Paris Agreement is the only way forward and that global carbon pricing, either through a tax or market, is the best available instrument to manage this. A foundation has already been laid, as current carbon pricing initiatives cover about 20% of global CO
2 emissions. Since it limits free-riding by countries/jurisdictions, global carbon pricing is, in principle, behaviourally easier to negotiate than other instruments, such as emission targets or technical standards. To overcome political resistance, we propose a dynamic strategy consisting of two parallel tracks and five transition phases. The first track entails assembly of a carbon-pricing coalition that expands over time and exerts moral and economic pressure on non-members to join. The second track involves refocusing UN intergovernmental climate change negotiations on carbon pricing, potentially involving initially heterogeneous prices reflecting distinct income levels of countries, which then gradually converge. The dual tracks are designed to reinforce one another, increasing the likelihood of a successful outcome. The proposal results in a transition trajectory consisting of two interactive tracks and five phases, with specific attention to inequity within and among countries. We illustrate how such an approach could function with either a carbon tax or market. Key policy insights International harmonization of climate policies is required to achieve the deep cuts in emissions needed to meet the Paris Agreement's 2°C or 1.5°C target. A focus on carbon pricing – either through taxation or emissions trading – has multiple strengths: it can be easily compared and harmonized among countries; it can be gradually strengthened over time; it moderates freeriding and fear of competitiveness losses; and it automatically generates revenues to compensate low-income households and countries. Formation of a carbon-pricing coalition would enable such a group to speak with a single, powerful voice at UN climate change conferences. It would put economic and moral pressure on non-members, stimulating them to join and show a constructive attitude in ongoing UN climate change negotiations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
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7. Broadening the scope of loss and damage to legal liability: an experiment.
- Author
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Gsottbauer, Elisabeth, Gampfer, Robert, Bernold, Elizabeth, and Delas, Anna-Mateja
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CLIMATE change ,LEGAL liability ,COMPENSATION (Law) ,ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,ENVIRONMENTAL protection - Abstract
The 2015 Paris Agreement represents a historic deal in the form of a strong international response to address climate change. This outcome came as a surprise for some, as several controversial issues had been postponed from previous conferences, and were expected to complicate the talks in Paris. One related to the Warsaw International Mechanism on Loss and Damage (L&D), and potential legal remedies for L&D in the form of compensation payments. This issue had been particularly contentious with some developing countries advocating ideas for climate damage liability, which developed countries were unwilling to include in an agreement. Although the negotiations on L&D secured many positive outcomes, Decision 1/CP.21 adopting the Paris Agreement notes that there is no possibility of claiming liability and financial compensation for developing countries. This article, however, argues that, rather than triggering endless compensation claims disputes, a liability mechanism could actually serve as a commitment and reciprocity device, ultimately increasing global policy ambition. In this regard, this article reports the results of two experiments testing the effects of liability rules on the climate policy investment decisions of two players that differ in wealth and vulnerability. Results show that liability rules imposing a responsibility for precaution on both parties increase cooperation significantly, consequentially minimizing risk of L&D occurrence in the first place. Liability rules could thus not only help to address future losses, but also to drive global mitigation and adaptation ambition.
POLICY RELEVANCE The research results presented in this paper suggest that policymakers would be well advised to further intensify negotiations on a climate-related compensation mechanism beyond that already committed to in the Paris Agreement. Our findings show that a compensation mechanism that implements a rather simple negligence rule makes climate cooperation more attractive and rewarding, potentially leading rich and poor nations to boost their investments in mitigation and adaptation for climate protection. Thus, far from opening up a Pandora’s box of endless compensation claims towards industrialized countries, a liability mechanism could make global climate cooperation more effective, and in the longer run also less costly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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8. Economic Instruments to Reconcile Conservation and Livelihoods: Analysing the Potential for Bamboo in Karnataka.
- Author
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Patil, Sheetal, Purushothaman, Seema, and Gsottbauer, Elisabeth
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- 2013
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9. Bounded rationality and social interaction in negotiating a climate agreement.
- Author
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Gsottbauer, Elisabeth and den Bergh, Jeroen
- Subjects
REASON ,SOCIAL interaction ,CLIMATE change mitigation ,DECISION making ,NEGOTIATION - Abstract
An agreement on climate change mitigation hinges on large-scale international cooperation. Rational agents are supposed to consider the cost and benefits of cooperation, which then determine their negotiation positions. Behavioral economics provides experimental evidence that decision-making in negotiation-like situations is influenced by systematic cognitive biases and social interaction. In this paper, we examine the impact of bounded rationality and social preferences on bargaining in international climate negotiations and illustrate how particular deviations from full rationality affect the incentives to cooperate. Of special interest are fairness preferences for burden-sharing rules and behavioral responses to different framings of climate change and policy, as well as implications of these for communication about climate change. The analysis will further address different levels of representation, including individual citizens, politicians, experts, and (professional) negotiators. The consequences of the most prominent nonstandard preferences and biases for negotiating a climate treaty are assessed, and specific strategies to foster cooperation are suggested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
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10. Environmental Policy Theory Given Bounded Rationality and Other-regarding Preferences.
- Author
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Gsottbauer, Elisabeth and Bergh, Jeroen
- Subjects
ENVIRONMENTAL policy ,BOUNDED rationality ,SUSTAINABILITY ,ENVIRONMENTAL economics ,SOCIAL norms ,HEURISTIC ,DECISION making ,BEHAVIORAL economics - Abstract
Established environmental policy theory is based on the assumption of homo economicus. This means that people are seen as fully rational and acting in a self-regarding manner. In line with this, economics emphasizes efficient policy solutions and the associated advantages of price incentives. Behavioral economics offers alternative, more realistic views on individual behavior. In this paper we investigate opportunities to integrate bounded rationality and other-regarding preferences into environmental policy theory to arrive at recommendations for more effective policies. For this purpose, we will address decisions made under risk and uncertainty, intertemporal choice, decision heuristics, other-regarding preferences, heterogeneity, evolutionary selection of behaviors, and the role of happiness. Three aspects of environmental policy are considered in detail, namely sustainable consumption, environmental valuation and policy design. We pay special attention to the role of non-pecuniary, informative instruments and illustrate the implications for climate policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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