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Inguinal hernia repair is a common operation often performed as a day case procedure. Day surgery is popular with patients and offers many benefits. This article outlines the most common forms of hernia repair and discusses the need for general or local anaesthesia. Basic principles of day surgery management, including patient selection criteria, pain relief, post-operative information, nurse-led discharge and subsequent aftercare are described, many of which are applicable to other day surgery procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the issues facing banking industry in Vietnam. It highlights the difficulty of many of majority state-owned banks in the country to remain solvent after a business cycle that has affected Vietnam's economy over the past five years. It emphasizes the need of country's central bank to overcome its fear of foreign control and open the industry to international investors.

The article focuses on the new bank-ownership rules imposed by Indonesia's central bank and its effect on investments by foreign banks. Bank Indonesia has reduced the stake that can be acquired by a single foreign shareholder in a bank from 99 percent to 40 percent. This has led Singaporean bank DBS to withdraw from a merger and acquisition deal with Bank Danamon. The author expresses concern that the policy would drive off international capital that could help the country's banking sector.

This article reports on the economic and political impact of the election of Bank Indonesia governor Agus Martowardojo. One of his first tasks is to raise rates to keep rising prices under control. It is noted that Martowardojo should consider reduced economic growth and greater rupiah volatility as necessary prices to pay to ensure the recovery of the nation's economy.

The article discusses the success of bond markets in Asia in 2012. It says that the record bond issuance in the region is attributed to growing investor appetite for emerging market credits, capital-conscious banks' lackluster support for syndicated loans and a struggling global equities market. According to the author, new bond deals in Asia ex Japan raised 809 billion U.S. dollars between January and December 14, 2012.

The article explains concert pianist Clare Hammond's point of view regarding the audience's choice and attitude towards contemporary music and the techniques she uses to prepare a repertoire.

The article focuses on the involvement of the China Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC) in the initial public offering (IPO) market. Topics discussed include the 15-month suspension of the country's A-share IPO market and the market regulator's implementation of timing, pricing, and allocation mechanisms that at times have stymied equity market development. The CSRC's decision to engage free-market forces in the IPO process and improve transparency is mentioned.

The article focuses on bonds issued by China National Offshore Oil Corp. (CNooc), China National Petroleum Corp. (CNPC) and Sinopec, which prompted other Chinese borrowers to access the international bond markets. The success of the issuance was attributed to the low interest regime, the decision of American investors to purchase investment-grade Chinese stocks and interest in shorter- and longer-term debt. Bonds were alsp issued by companies from Indonesia and Hong Kong.

The article reports on developments in the international financial market. Chinese oil and gas producers, state-owned Sinopec and China National Petroleum Corp.(CNPC) hit the international bond market for multi-tranche financing during April 2013, taking advantage of low yields and strong investor demand. More activity were also recorded in the equity markets, with bonds priced in Singapore dollar registering a strong demand.

The article discusses the delays in Asian deals as talks in Cyprus on a controversial bank bailout emerged on March 16, 2013. News about the need for Cyprus' bank sector to secure a bailout has also caused a decline in secondary market prices. Authorities in Cyprus, the European Union, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund have finalised a bailout package to stabilize the banking system in Cyprus.

The article focuses on the decision of Korea Housing Finance Corp. (KHFC) to sell its 500 million dollar five-year covered bond issue on February 26, 2013, just months before a law that will open the covered bond market to Korean issuers. The company issued the deal at 100 basis points (bp) over U.S. Treasuries, about 10bp inside initial guidance yet still a premium of 9bp over the country's policy banks.

The article reports on the growth of the bond market in Thailand in September 2012. It reveals that bond issuance in Thailand capped a nine-month period in which more bonds have been priced in Asia than any corresponding year. Several Thai issuers, including Bangkok Bank, Kasikornbank and Siam Commercial Bank, tapped the international bond market during the month. The growth of the Thai equity markets is also considered.

The article discusses the need for investors to consider risks involved in investing in corporate high yield bonds. It mentions continuous need of Asian firms for capital and growing practice of banks to purchase bonds for their wealthy clients. James Fielder of HSBC remarked on the involvement of Asian private banks in high yield bond deals. It also emphasizes that investors need to gather market knowledge before finalizing their investment decisions.

The article reports that Chinese bankers are dealing with the first debt defaults in 15 years. Topics discussed include the trust product launched by China Credit Trust with loans backed by Shanxi Zhenfu Energy Corp. and the first proper bond default which involved Shanghai Chaori Solar Energy Science & Technology. The adoption of more market-oriented policies by the central Chinese government and the impact of the defaults on investor confidence are mentioned.

The article discusses the global debt capital market reaction to the plans by the U.S. Federal Reserve (Fed) to taper its quantitative easing program announced in August 2013. Activity in the global debt capital market has been quiet due to the Fed's plan. There were only 20 G3-currency deals completed by Asia ex-Japan issuers during the month, according to data provider Dealogic. The main issuers of the month were Korean corporates and banks.

The article presents information on the weakening of the Indonesia's currency, rupiah, in 2013. The rupiah has declined against the U.S. dollar following indications of the end of quantitative easing program of the U.S. Federal Reserve. Since then, outflows from Indonesia's domestic bond market have increased.

The article discusses the developments in the Asian high yield bonds market. The largest amount on record was set in January 2013 with a total of 11.11 billion U.S. dollars-worth of international sold in 28 deals. According to Dealogic, it surpassed by a factor of 75 times, the 148 million U.S. dollars issued in January 2012. Chinese borrowers supplied 62 percent of the issuance, equivalent to 6.86 billion U.S. dollars.

The article reports on the attempt of global investors to search for stability and yield in Asian bond markets. It highlights the top Asian brands that gained access to dollar and euro markets including China Petrochemical Corp.'s tranche deal, Hutchinson Whampoa's investment-grade debt, and Export-Import Bank of Korea's Samurai sale. It provides data on 2012 bookrunner league tables for G3/debt capital market and equity capital market in May 2012.

The article reports on the second international bond issuance from the Laos government that is awaiting approval from the Thai Ministry of Finance (MoF) and is expected to extend the yield curve in the second half of 2013. An official at the Laos MoF differentiates the second bond deal from the country's debut bond issuance. The official considers the sovereign bond as an alternative for investors to diversity their portfolio.

The article forecasts the environment for weaker high yield corporates in Asia to feel the recessionary pressure, while default rates among high yield companies will increase, according to banking firm Morgan Stanley. Viktor Hjort, head of Asia fixed income research at Morgan Stanley, discusses the twofold challenge to the Asian credit cycle. He explains the theory that higher funding costs and falling investment opportunities will reduce demand for credit and lead to lower bond market supply.

The article introduces a video of an interview with Bei Fu, credit analyst at ratings agency Standard & Poor's (S&P), about the outlook for China property bond supply in the second half of 2013 and the possibility of onshore issuance.

The article forecasts investors to choose to fundraise through international loans or domestic bonds despite the increase in Indian U.S.-dollar bond issuance from state-owned enterprises (SOE) in the second half of 2013. Market commentators raise the concern over the risk of a supply overhang and the weakening of the Indian rupee. Data shows the fundraising activities of SOEs iBharat Petroleum Corp., Rural Electrifications Corp. (REC), and Oil and Natural Gas Corp. since August 2013.

The article suggests the variation of anchor ratings for Tier II securities of Indian banks with high systemic importance as the Indian banking system transitions to Basel III capital rules, according to Fitch Ratings. Estimate by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) indicate the total capital required from the Indian banking system in line with Basel III rules. Two point of non-viability (PONV) trigger events are discussed for all non-common Tier I and Tier II capital instruments issued by banks.

The article forecasts Asian bonds to unlikely recover for another few weeks, with a longer-time frame for the high yield market, according to investors. Fixed income managers see potential opportunities for bond issuance in the higher end of the investment grade segment despite market volatility. A portfolio manager notes that high yield pricing is prohibitive for bond issuers as investment grade is likely to dominate the Asian primary market as a result of pricing gap.

The article predicts the declining foreign exchange (FX) cover ratios of the Indonesian rupiah, Indian rupee, Malaysian ringgit and Thai baht to result to more weakness , according to banking firm HSBC. HSBC Asian currency research head Paul Mackel attributes the falling FX cover of the four Asian emerging market currencies to their rising external liabilities, rapid capital inflows and worsening current account positions. He raises concern over de-leveraging and the credit trade cycle.

The article reports on the swap arrangement between the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and domestic banks that is being considered in a bid to augment the central bank's foreign exchange (FX) reserves and boost rupee liquidity onshore. A regulation has been earlier imposed by the RBI to allow banks to offer higher rates on non-resident external (NRE) rupee deposits. Economist Siddharta Sanyal sees the swap arrangement as a way to increase U.S. dollar inflows from non-resident Indians (NRI).

The article announces executive changes across the fixed income and financial markets as of August 28, 2013 including Tan Kee Phong as head of the debt capital markets and loan syndications teams at OCBC Bank, Chris Barber as managing director and head of prime brokerage account management for Asia Pacific at J.P. Morgan, and Munirah Khairuddin as chief executive officer (CEO) for CIMB-Principal Asset Management Malaysia.

The article forecasts the demand for sovereign bond auctions to be greater for North Asia than South in the first week of August 2013, according to banking firm Barclays. Rates strategist Rohit Arora considers the potential of investors use rallies to reduce positions in more vulnerable emerging markets (EM). He expects strong demand for Singaporean government securities (SGS) as compared with a portfolio of bonds of currencies in the nominal effective exchange rate (NEER) basket.

The article reports on the volume of corporate Eurodollar debt capital market (DCM) issuance from China which doubled as of August 2013. Figures show the share of China to the total European DCM issuance and the U.S. dollar-denominated corporate bond issuance from Chinese corporates. Bankers attribute the growing preference for issuing U.S. dollar bonds without 144a documentation to demand from Asian investors.

The article calls upon policymakers in Asia to implement proactive reforms to mitigate the risks for China credit growth-related assets, as told by banking firm Goldman Sachs. Investors express different opinions on how the proposed reform of the onshore bond market is likely to evolve. Goldman Sachs Asian credit strategist Kenneth Ho discusses China sovereign not reliant on external funding and the credit losses as reasons for the likelihood of a systemic crisis in the financial market.

The author argues the need for the government of Thailand to stop issuing rice subsidy as investors shy away from the subsidy scheme for fear that the government's inability to sell its assets may lead to a default. She warns about the potential rise in funding costs if the Thai Bank of Agrculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC) continues to accelerate. She notes the need for the sovereign to prove its financial management capability and to shift towards sustainability and accountability.

The article forecasts that capital supply from Europe will limit demand for Basel-III compliant funding. Experts argue that increased supply from Europe will give the buyside more leverage to demand attractive terms from Asian banks and that investors are likely to have a bias towards investment grade. Bankers identify Asian borrowers that are well capitalized and those that may no choose to refinance.

The article reports on the regulations introduced by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) to ease liquidity, as told by banking firm Barclays. The measures include an open market purchase operations (OMO) of long-dated government bonds and transfer of statutory liquidity ratio (SLR) securities to the held to maturity ( HTM) category. Barclays India chief economist Siddharta Sanyal cites three reasons as to why OMO purchases rather than sales is the appropriate approach to reversing tight liquidity.

The article forecasts foreign capital outflows to return to Southeast Asia and support foreign exchange (FX), according to commentators. Frederic Neumann, co-head of Asian economics at HSBC, argues on the differentiation between the emerging markets of India and Indonesia in terms of capital outflows and currency performance. He warns about the potential impact of bank lending and direct investment on regional liquidity.

The article announces executives changes across the fixed income and financial markets as of August 2013 including Carmen Ling as global head of Residential Mortgage-Backed (RMB) Solutions team at Standard Chartered Bank, Edmund Lee as senior country officer for Singapore at J. P. Morgan, and Stanley Wong as head of North Asia equity distribution at Nomura.

The article forecasts Japanese banks to profit from sustainable nominal gross domestic product (GDP) growth, according to ratings agency Moody's. Moody's predicts improvement in loan demand and increase incentives for investors to borrow. Graeme Knowd, managing director at Moody's in Tokyo, Japan, warns over a reduction of the value of the banks' Japanese Government Bond (JGB) portfolios. He cites the credit-positive effects of monetary easing by the Bank of Japan (BoJ) on the banking sector.

The article reports that Japanese global fixed income investors have started back buying as the Japanese yen strengthens, according to banking firm UBS. Fixed-income strategist Matthew Johnson the global sovereign bonds bought by Japanese investors using Ministry of Finance (MoF) data. He suggests that Japanese portfolio managers were responding to exchange rate movements between the U.S. dollar and Japanese yen, and the changing expectations about the outlook for U.S. monetary policy.

The article suggests that the Reserve Bank of India's (RBI) quasi-capital controls could demoralize foreign investors. According to Leif Eskesen, chief economist for India and Asean at HSBC bank, the regulatory changes implemented by RBI are part of a bid by Indian regulators to reduce volatility in the Indian rupee and manage current account deficit. Fixed income investors argue over the impact of the capital controls or regulatory changes on emerging market credits and investor sentiment.

The article recognizes the reliability of the yield curve slope in North Asia as an indicator of economic output as financial progress has led to the development of interest rate markets, as told by banking firm ANZ. It refers to monetary policy and market expectations as the two economic basis for expecting the slope of the yield curve to be a predictor of growth. ANZ global research head Timothy Riddell compares the predictive power of Asian yield curves to that of the U.S.

The article cites the foreign exchange (FX) opportunities in Asian currencies as a result of market volatility in summer 2013, according to Manulife Asset Management (AM). Manulife AM Managing Director Endre Pedersen notes the impact of the weakening of the Japanese yen on Asian currencies. He assigns an underweight rating for India and Taiwan and considers investment opportunities in Indonesia and the Philippines.

The article forecasts the offshore Chinese renminbi (CNH) cross-currency swap (CCS) curve to consolidate, according to Deutsche Bank. Strategist Linan Liu cites five reasons for the strong rally of the CNH CCS in the first four months of 2013 that includes hedging, rising onshore interbank interest rates and higher U.S. dollar core rates. She cites an example and explains why the implied CNH lending rates by U.S. dollar issuers are no longer attractive for tenors longer than three years.

The article forecasts a positive investor response to the quasi-sovereign state-backed infrastructure bonds proposed by the Indian Ministry of Finance (MoF) due to their quality and potential yield, according to bankers. The MoF expects Indian Railway Finance Corp. (IRFC), Power Finance Corp. (PFC) and India Infrastructure Finance Co. (IIFCL) to raise fund via U.S. dollar-denominated bonds. Commentators raise concern over secondary market spreads, the Indian rupee and macroeconomic conditions.

Charts are presented that show the top 10 debt capital market (DCM) bookrunners and the top three DCM transactions in North Asia as of August 13, 2013 that includes China Development bank Corp. Industrial & Commercial Bank of China (ICBC), and Bank of China Ltd.