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The behavior of undergoing cosmetic surgery is a coping strategy for body-image threats and challenges. Self-objectification is associated with alienation and body image inflexibility, and all of these are associated with stronger cosmetic surgery considerations. This study evaluated the relationship between self-objectification and cosmetic surgery consideration, and whether this relationship was mediated by alienation and body image inflexibility. The participants were 650 Chinese female college students. Serial mediation analysis indicated that the relationship between self-objectification and cosmetic surgery consideration was significantly mediated by alienation followed by body image inflexibility. The total mediating effect value was 0.424, accounting for 57.5% of the total effects. These results suggest that reducing alienation and improving the flexibility of body image can reduce the influence of self-objectification on young women's willingness to undergo cosmetic surgery. These findings provide a basis for intervening or preventing the self-objectified young women's willingness for cosmetic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Little research has been conducted on one dimensional non-perovskite δ-CsPbBr3, due to its metastability under atmospheric conditions. However, it was discovered that the white metastable δ-CsPbBr3 can be stabilized as δ-CsPbBr2.7I0.3 by substituting 10% Br with I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new lattice Boltzmann scheme is developed for the two-phase CuO–H2O nanomagnetic fluid (ferrofluid) under a non-uniform variable magnetic field. It introduces the second-order external force term including both MHD (magnetohydrodynamic) and FHD (ferrohydrodynamic) into the lattice Boltzmann equation. The square cavity and a heat source inside the circular cavity with natural convections of nanofluid are investigated, respectively. The effects of Rayleigh number (Ra), the volume fraction of nanoparticles (φ), Hartmann number (Ha) generated by MHD, and magnetic number (MnF) generated by FHD on the nanofluid flow and heat transfer properties, as well as the total entropy generation (Stot) have been examined. The two-phase lattice Boltzmann model has demonstrated that it is more accurate in predicting the heat transfer of nanofluid than the single-phase model. Consequently, the results calculated by the single-phase and the two-phase methods show the opposite trends. It indicates that nanoparticles could enhance heat transfer with maximum values of 1.78% or deteriorate heat transfer with maximum values of 14.84%. The results of the circular cavity show that Ha could diminish the flow intensity, whereas MnF could enhance it. The average Nusselt number (Nuave) on the heat source decreases with the augments of Ha and MnF but increases with Ra. An optimal volume fraction φ = 1% for heat transfer is obtained except for Ra = 104. Stot achieves the maximum value at Ha = 40 when Ra = 105. It increases with a rise of Ra but reduces with an increment of φ. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the co-combustion of coal and biomass, and the tri-combustion of coal, biomass, and oil sludge in a 130 t h−1 circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler are investigated via the computational particle fluid dynamics (CPFD) approach. Furthermore, the effect of biomass feeding position is also comprehensively evaluated. The results show that for the co-combustion of coal and biomass, the O2 mole fraction at the furnace outlet rises from 0.0541 to 0.0640 as the biomass blending ratio enhances from 40% to 100%, while the CO2 mole fraction reduces from 0.1357 to 0.1267. The mole fraction of NOx and SO2 at the furnace outlet decreases from 4.5867 × 10−5 to 3.9096 × 10−5 and 2.8253 × 10−4 to 4.6635 × 10−5, respectively. For the tri-combustion of three fuels, the average NOx mole fraction initially grows quickly and then declines gradually, ranging from 4.1173 × 10−5 to 4.2556 × 10−5. The mole fraction of SO2 at the furnace outlet increases from 3.5176 × 10−4 to 4.7043 × 10−4 when the ratio of oil sludge rises from 10% to 20%. The uniformity of temperature and gas components distribution is "new inlet > secondary air inlet > feed inlet". As for the three inlet positions, the mole fractions of NOx at the furnace outlet are between 3.9096 × 10−5 and 5.1537 × 10−5, while those for SO2 are between 2.5978 × 10−4 and 2.5278 × 10−4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coupled combustion of biomass and organic solid wastes including oil sludge has attracted much attention. Although the optimal mixing ratio of different coal types and biomass has been extensively studied, little attention has been paid to oil sludge that has undergone co-combustion. In this study, the combustion characteristics of blended fuel for coal, biomass and oil sludge under different mixing ratios are studied via a thermogravimetric test and differential thermal analysis. Kinetic analysis of tri-fuel is performed using the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) and Dolye methods. The results show that the bituminous coal combustion process mainly involves the combustion of fixed carbon (236.0–382.0 °C). Wood pellet combustion (383.0–610.0 °C) has two processes involving the combustion of compound carbon and fixed carbon. Blending wood pellets effectively enhances combustion efficiency. Wood pellets from Korla (KOL) have the most obvious effect on reducing the ignition temperature. The blending combustion of bituminous coal (SC), wood pellets from Hutubi (HTB) and oil sludge (OS) have significant synergistic effects. As the OS mixing ratio increases from 10% to 20% with 45% HTB, Ti and Th decrease from 354.9 and 514.3 °C to 269.8 and 452.7 °C, respectively. In addition, f(α) is [−ln(1 − α)]2 for tri-fuel in most mixing ratios when α < 0.5, while f(α) becomes [−ln(1 − α)]3 at α > 0.5. At a high-HTB-level mixing ratio, increasing the OS content causes a decrease in activation energy to 35.87 kJ mol−1. The moderate blending of oil sludge improves the pre-finger factor and the combustion performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To gain an in-depth understanding of AAEMs (alkali and alkaline earth metals) transformation during biomass gasification, a fixed-bed reactor is built to simulate the CO 2 gasification at 500–900 °C. The influences of biomass species, gasification temperature, and particle size are examined. The results show that the AAEMs release follow a sequence of candlenut wood > wheat straw > corn stalk. The alkali metals mainly appear as water-soluble inorganic salts and the contents are more than 80%. K mainly occurs as KCl and KClO 4. At higher temperatures, K could combine with Al and Si to form K(AlSi 3)O 8. For candlenut wood, a bigger particle size is beneficial to the transformation of water-soluble K to organic K. For candlenut wood with centimeter-scale, K mainly occurs as organic K in the biochar during 600–700 °C. When the gasification is carried out at 700 °C, K concentrates at the center and its content is even higher than that on the outer surface. While for biochar samples obtained from gasification at 600 and 900 °C, the K content at the center is lower than that on the outer surface due to the continuous outward transformation of K from the central biochar. • AAEMs release follow an order of candlenut wood > wheat straw > corn stalk. • K can combine with Al and Si to form K(AlSi 3)O 8 above 900 °C. • Bigger particle is beneficial to transformation of water-soluble K to organic K. • K spatial transformation is related to its occurrence mode and diffusion rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fibers have been widely applied to improve the mechanical properties of natural soil and traditional cemented soils, but rarely investigated in substrates for slope eco-protection. Vegetation-growing concrete (VC) substrate is a kind of ecological cemented soil and has very wide popularization and application prospects. In this study, unconsolidated-undrained (UU) triaxial compression tests were conducted on the control specimens of VC substrate containing three cement contents and the palm fiber reinforced specimens manufactured by adding four fiber contents. The control specimens were shown to possess increasing yield strength, ultimate strength, yield strain and shear modulus with cement content, which resulted from the cemented texture improved by the hydrate products as recognized previously. Instead of inextensible reinforcement provided by cement, the palm fibers were found to provide extensible reinforcement, through which the obvious softening behavior of VC substrate could transfer to elasto-plasticity. Attributed to the unique ductility, the fibers added could bring with considerable increase in ductility of reinforced substrate, except for additional increases in yield strength, ultimate strength and yield strain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In previous work, the corrosion performance and anti‐corrosion mechanism of galvanized steel wire embedded in vegetation‐growing concrete under marine environment was highlighted. In this work, a graphene‐modified epoxy coating was developed and applied to the protection of galvanized steel in vegetation‐growing concrete under a marine environment. The effect of dispersed graphene on the anticorrosion performance of the epoxy coatings was evaluated. The composite coatings displayed outstanding barrier properties against H2O molecules compared to the pure epoxy coating. Salt spray test results revealed superior corrosion resistance offered by the prepared graphene‐modified epoxy coating on galvanized steel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To study the tri-combustion characteristics of coal, biomass, and oil sludge, the computational particle fluid dynamics (CPFD) method is employed to simulate the flow, heat transfer, and combustion processes in a 130 t h−1 circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler. The effects of blending ratio, secondary air inlet angle, and excess air coefficient are evaluated in detail. The results show that the mole fraction of SO 2 in the furnace is slightly lower than that in the cyclone separator. NO x has high mole fraction near the fuel inlet. As the biomass blending ratio rises from 30 % to 50 %, the O 2 mole fraction at the furnace outlet increases from 0.0601 to 0.0629, while CO 2 exhibits the opposite tendency. The highest and lowest NO x mole fractions at the furnace outlet are 4.1648 × 10−5 and 3.9862 × 10−5, respectively. As the blending ratio of oil sludge rises from 10 % to 20 %, the mole fraction of SO 2 at the furnace outlet increases from 3.3041 × 10−4 to 4.8952 × 10−4. The mole fraction of NO x in the furnace shows a positive correlation with the excess air coefficient, while SO 2 is on the contrary. As the jet angle increases from 15° to 30°, the NO x mole fraction at the furnace outlet decreases from 4.1696 × 10−5 to 3.9862 × 10−5. • CPFD method is employed to study the tri-combustion characteristics. • NO x shows a positive correlation with the excess air coefficient. • The co-combustion of oil sludge promotes the generation of SO 2. • Optimizing the secondary air inlet angle could reduce NO x emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid feature selection method combining with wavelet transform (WT) was proposed to analyze the heat value of coal using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The hybrid feature selection method consisted of distance correlation (DC) method and recursive feature elimination with cross-validation (RFECV) method, which combined the advantages of DC-based filter method and RFECV-based wrapper method. First, WT method was used to filter noise signal from LIBS spectra of coal samples, and the de-noised wavelet coefficients were obtained. Second, the de-noised wavelet coefficients were further eliminated by the hybrid feature selection method. Finally, the retained wavelet coefficients were used directly as input variables to establish a prediction model for heat value determination of coal. 28 powdery coal samples were used in this experiment, of which 21 were calibration set and 7 were validation set. The effectiveness of the hybrid model was studied. Compared with several other models, the proposed hybrid model showed the greatest improvement in predictive accuracy and precision, and the computing time has been greatly reduced. The experimental results demonstrated that the hybrid model can effectively reduce the calculation time and improve the performance of the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The substrate for vegetation concrete is a new type of plant substrate used for slope protection. While it has demonstrated good performance in slope protection and a greening effect, the sustainability of ecological restoration projects is difficult and there are significant construction risks in areas with frequent earthquakes. In this study, a new type of substrate for vegetation concrete was developed for areas with frequent earthquakes, and a shaking table test was performed to evaluate the seismic performance. The test results indicated that the proposed substrate of the vegetation concrete displayed good stability under seismic excitation at earthquake intensities of V, VI, VII, and VIII. A comparison of several different reinforcement methods under seismic conditions indicated that wavy laying of a flexible net was the best reinforcement method. Through observation of the displacement time history curve and macroscopic phenomenon, the failure process of the substrate layer was obtained and consisted of the following three stages: cracking between substrate layer and bedrock, internal cracking of the substrate layer, and vibration crushing. Ultimately, the research results have significant reference value for ecological restoration projects using substrates for vegetation concrete in areas with frequent earthquakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The substrate for vegetation concrete is a new type of plant substrate used for slope protection. While it has demonstrated good performance in slope protection and a greening effect, the sustainability of ecological restoration projects is difficult and there are significant construction risks in areas with frequent earthquakes. In this study, a new type of substrate for vegetation concrete was developed for areas with frequent earthquakes, and a shaking table test was performed to evaluate the seismic performance. The test results indicated that the proposed substrate of the vegetation concrete displayed good stability under seismic excitation at earthquake intensities of V, VI, VII, and VIII. A comparison of several different reinforcement methods under seismic conditions indicated that wavy laying of a flexible net was the best reinforcement method. Through observation of the displacement time history curve and macroscopic phenomenon, the failure process of the substrate layer was obtained and consisted of the following three stages: cracking between substrate layer and bedrock, internal cracking of the substrate layer, and vibration crushing. Ultimately, the research results have significant reference value for ecological restoration projects using substrates for vegetation concrete in areas with frequent earthquakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Candlenut wood with large particle size is selected to investigate the biomass gasification catalyzed by potassium. The sample pore structure, the spatial distribution of potassium, and the effects of potassium salt species on the biomass gasification with CO 2 are examined. The results show that the large particle candlenut wood exhibits obvious spatial anisotropy and that the pore structure is mainly distributed along the axial direction. Large particle candlenut wood has a more uniform distribution of potassium salts along the axial direction. Part of the potassium salt releases outward during the gasification, which reduces the potassium salt content in the sample center. The average potassium contents of sample loaded with KCl and biochar of sample loaded with KCl are 9.273% and 7.745%, respectively. The synthesis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in tar could be inhibited by potassium, which could also catalyze the gasification and methane removal reactions of biochar and facilitate the formation of CO and H 2. Compared to raw sample (28.99%), the syngas yields from the gasification of sample loaded with KCl, sample loaded with K 2 CO 3 , and sample loaded with K 2 SO 4 are 40.22%, 52.16%, and 41.72%, separately. The catalysis of potassium is closely related to its occupation of the active sites on biochar. The chemical bonds formed by potassium and biochar are repeatedly broken and formed during the gasification, which promotes the decomposition of organic matter. Compared with KCl and K 2 SO 4 , K 2 CO 3 has a better catalytic effect. • X-ray CT imager is employed to characterize the pore structure of samples. • K is more uniformly distributed along the texture direction of the biomass. • The catalytic effect of K 2 CO 3 is greater than that of KCl and K 2 SO 4. • K could catalyze biomass gasification by occupying active sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]