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We present the first inventory of the segetal flora of Italian winter cereal crops and allied crop types. The database consists of over 30,000 records, derived from different sources. We provide information and analyses on life forms, chorotypes, Ellenberg indicator values and preferential habitats of the flora. The inventory includes 987 vascular taxa and nothotaxa (868 species, 118 subspecies and 1 nothosubspecies), belonging to 354 genera and 55 families. Characteristic segetal species are 128, while 740 are generalist or accidental species from other habitats. Species exclusive of segetal habitats are 47. One species is extinct, and one is not confirmed in Italy. We recorded 42 neophytes, 15 archaeophytes and 10 cryptogenic species. Segetal species that are threatened in Europe are 45. Species in the Italian Red List are four, and five are threatened endemic species. The most frequent species are Papaver rhoeas (1,045 records), Convolvulus arvensis (623) and Ranunculus arvensis (571). Most species are therophytes (64%) and have a Mediterranean (36%), wide (14%) or eastern (13%) distribution range. Mean Ellenberg indicator values revealed relevant ecological affinities between the inventoried flora and cultivated winter cereals. Our work represents the basis for future applied studies in botany, ecology and agronomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bupleurum gracile(M. Bieb.) DC. var.rolliiMontel. ( ≡ Bupleurum rollii[Montel.] Moraldo) is lectotypified on a herbarium specimen kept in RO, revising the previous typification by S. Snogerup and B. Snogerup. An isolectotypes and 14 syntypes are also selected. Infraspecific variability and comparison with related Eastern speciesB. asperuloidesHeldr.B. uechtritzianumS. Stoyanov andB. marschallianumC. A. Mey plusB. gracileD'Urv. are studied using morphometric and anatomical data. Notes on the ecology and distribution of the Italian endemictaxonare also provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides general information and original data on the period of first introduction in Europe (1823–1825) and in Italy (first half of the 19th century), and on the current distribution and impacts in Italy of the invasive macrophyteEichhornia crassipes. Two main pathways are responsible for the presence of this species in Italy: (i) introduction as an ornamental and (ii) research and use for phytoremediation. After a time lag of more than 100 years,E. crassipeshas recently started invading the Italian freshwaters. A specific action plan for this species is required, including local eradication and awareness campaigns. Furthermore, regulations in the trade sector of invasive aquatic plant species need to be introduced and the possibilities for biological or integrated control evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]