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This article proposes a novel dual-three-phase high-power high-speed permanent magnet assisted synchronous reluctance starter generator (PMaSynR SG) for aviation application, which has the characteristics of high efficiency, high power density, high reliability, and excellent antishort-circuit ability. The proposed PMaSynR SG can obtain higher efficiency and power density by embedding permanent magnet in the rotor topology compared with the synchronous reluctance generator, and has better antishort-circuit ability compared with the permanent magnet synchronous starter-generator. Moreover, design of dual-three-phase winding is adopted, which not only reduces the phase current, but also improves the reliability. In this article, the topological structure, characteristics and principle of PMaSynR SG are systematically studied at first. Second, a simplified dq-axis equivalent magnetic circuit model is established, and the expressions of dq-axis inductance and permanent magnet flux linkage are derived on the basis of the basic parameter selection. Then, combined with parameter sensitivity analysis, the influence law of rotor structural parameters on antishort-circuit ability and electromagnetic performance is revealed. Finally, a 40 kW 24 000 r/min PMaSynR SG is designed and manufactured. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed PMaSynR SG has excellent electromagnetic performance with the power density of 3.1 kW/kg and the efficiency of 94%, while the short-circuit current is only 59% of its rated value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]