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Amberboa ramosa Roxb. (Asteraceae), commonly known as "Badaward", has been used for the treatment of tumors from ancient times. In this study, we aimed to scientifically authenticate the use of A. ramosa for breast cancer treatment. The whole plant fractions of A. ramosa were evaluated for their cytotoxic properties against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Among these fractions, Pet. ether, ethyl acetate, and ethanolic fractions exhibited considerable levels of cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-231 cells with IC 5 0 values of 78.55, 90.60, and 92.92 μ g/mL, respectively. The cell migration significantly decreased in ethyl acetate and ethanolic fractions. GC–MS was used to analyze the phytochemical profile of bioactive fractions, which revealed the presence of long-chain hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, esters, alcohols, and terpenoids. Subsequently, the 96 compounds present in bioactive fractions were efficiently docked with EGFR and microtubule protein to evaluate affinity towards the targets. Eight common compounds were achieved using a docking-based approach against both target proteins, which showed similar interaction patterns as the reference inhibitors (colchicine and erlotinib). The key interactions revealed the potential of screened compounds as promising hits. 2-[1,2-Dihydroxyethyl]-9-[ α -d-ribofuranosyl]hypoxanthine showed the best dock score of −9.337 and −8.548 kcal/mol against EGFR and microtubule, respectively. 5-Oxo-cystofuranoquinol exhibited better dock score as well as binding energy against both targets. Chemical features present in the 08 dual inhibitors were also matched from the present EGFR and microtubule inhibitors for comparing the anticancer potential. Thus, this research revealed many new directions for developing natural lead compounds from Amberboa ramosa as dual inhibitors for treating breast cancer. GCMS-based phytochemical profiling and in-vitro anticancer activity were performed on the fractions of A. ramosa whole plant extract. Further, in silico assessment of the phytoconstituents from the top fraction highlighted their potential as EGFR and microtubule inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study explores the precision enhancement of AISI420 Martensitic Stainless Steel (MSS) using sinking-electrical discharge machining (S-EDM) with Copper electrodes, which is a unique combination of materials and machining process and conducts a comprehensive multivariate analysis to investigate the correlation between machine control variables (MCV) and measured machining performance (MMP) in the context of AISI420 Martensitic Stainless Steel and Sinking-Electrical Discharge Machining. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) establishes the hierarchy of machine control variables influence: Pulse current (B) > Gap voltage (A) > Pulse on Time (C). Remarkably, Pulse current (B) emerges as the paramount parameter, thus constituting a cornerstone of this study's findings. This research article utilizes the RSM–GRA–PCA methodology, which combines response surface methodology (RSM), grey relational analysis (GRA), and principal component analysis (PCA) to optimize the machining process. Using traditional RSM–GRA technique and RSM–GRA–PCA methodology, the experimental Grey Relational Grade (GRGexperiment) are achieved 0.8048 and 0.9817, respectively. The validation test has been performed to confirm the fittest method positions. The percentage significance of significant factor is also improved from 64.63 to 79.71% and error is reduced from 5.22 to 1.68% using RSM–GRA–PCA methodology with improved GRG of 0.068. This integrated approach improves the grey relational grade (GRG) and reduces errors, leading to more accurate and efficient machining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumer preferences refer to the subjective assessments of products and services expressed by individuals. The objective of this investigation aims to examine the preferences of consumers regarding dahi, followed by the development of a corresponding product. The initial phase of the experimental design involves understanding the interests of consumers and the variables that influence their purchasing intentions through the administration of a questionnaire. The subsequent phase entails the development of dahi in accordance with consumer preferences, followed by an assessment of its nutritional value, sensory acceptability, and storage study. Subsequently, a significant proportion of consumers (91%) expressed an interest for the introduction of a pineapple-flavour (61.5%) spoon-able dahi (77%) containing natural sugar (65%) and packaged in a cup (71.5%) within the market. To adjust the sweetness intensity of monk fruit, a series of preliminary experiments were carried out to regulate the concentration to a level that can be considered sensory acceptable, specifically 05 g/100 ml. Afterwards, dahi was prepared by altering the concentration of FPP (freeze-dried pine-apple pomace powder) within the range of 0.5 to 2.5 g/100 ml. Prepared dahi were further subjected to sensory evaluation and storage study. Based on the obtained results and sensory analyst feedback, we conclude that the dahi formulation TPM2 exhibits considerable organoleptic acceptance and also has the potential for industrial-scale production to cater wider consumer demands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current research work, in-house developed and fabricated multi-axis near-dry Electrical Discharge Machine (near-dry EDM) has been used having different tool positions, i.e. tool electrodes in horizontal position (Case-I) and vertical positions (Case-II) as a novel machining techniques in hard-to-reach places and also to improve the process performance. Design of Experiment tool has been used with three process parameters: voltage, discharge current, and pulse-on-time for experimentation purposes. In order to maximize Material Removal Rate (MRR), it was necessary to compare and enhance these parameters in both cases, i.e. Case-I, and Case-II. The machining process is significantly influenced by the vertical tool positions, as indicated by the largest percentage contribution in the Analysis of Variance results. The voltage has the least influence, while the pulse-on time is relatively less. In contrast, for the horizontal tool position, the voltage proved the most prominent factor in terms of influence, while the current ranked second in significance. Conversely, the pulse-on time exhibited the least impact among the three factors. The highest MRR 2.45 mm3/min was achieved in the vertical tool position while in horizontal machining, the highest MRR 0.144 mm3/min was observed. These findings provide valuable insights into the multi-axis near-dry EDM with proposed methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Akt pathway plays a significant role in various diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Diabetes. Akt is the central protein whose phosphorylation controls many downstream pathways. Binding of small molecules to the PH domain of Akt facilitates its phosphorylation in the cytoplasm and upregulates the Akt pathway. In the current study, to identify Akt activators, ligand-based approaches like 2D QSAR, shape, and pharmacophore-based screening were used, followed by structure-based approaches such as docking, MM-GBSA, ADME prediction, and MD simulation. The top twenty-five molecules from the Asinex gold platinum database found to be active in most 2D QSAR models were used for shape and pharmacophore-based screening. Later docking was performed using the PH domain of Akt1 (PDB: 1UNQ), and 197105, 261126, 253878, 256085, and 123435 were selected based on docking score and interaction with key residues, which were druggable and formed a stable protein–ligand complex. MD simulations of 261126 and 123435 showed better stability and interactions with key residues. To further investigate the SAR of 261126 and 123435, derivatives were downloaded from PubChem, and structure-based approaches were employed. MD simulation of derivatives 12289533, 12785801, 83824832, 102479045, and 6972939 was performed, in which 83824832 and 12289533 showed interaction with key residues for a longer duration of time, proving that they may act as Akt activators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The objective of the present initiative was to build capacity of health care providers in private sector along with standardisation of care during antenatal period for common antenatal problems of GDM and iron deficiency anaemia in private sector. Methods: A pilot project for all levels of health care providers including doctors, nurses, counsellors and laboratory technicians of 34 private facilities in six districts of Jharkhand was planned. Training modules for GDM and anaemia based on government of India guidelines were developed. End line evaluation included data collection and descriptive analysis of quantitative data quality scores from assessment standards on GDM and anaemia in pregnancy. Results: Knowledge assessment of health care providers and doctors through baseline and end line knowledge assessment survey questionnaire showed that 100% health care providers who were trained scored 85% or more in knowledge assessment questionnaires as seen by baseline and end line questionnaire results. All project hospitals (n = 34) in Jharkhand achieved quality standards of care in intervention period for gestational diabetes mellitus and anaemia in pregnancy. They achieved total score more than 80% and exceeded target of 80% of the quality standards. Conclusion: A systematic strengthening of private health care facilities through a blended tele-mentoring and onsite support is possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One-dimensional pure and Ni-doped zinc oxide nanorods (NRs) were prepared by chemical bath technique. Some physical properties like optical, morphological and structural were examined for prepared NRs. The result of X-ray diffraction XRD was exposed that the crystal structure was hexagonal for both pure and Ni-doped NRs where there is no change in the crystal system but some small shifting in diffraction angle appeared. The chemical composition and the presence of Ni atoms in the ZnO were approved by EDX test. Additionally, morphology investigation of the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) is conducted and showed that the shape of prepared materials was NRs. A red shift in the absorption spectrum and band gap happened after doping with Ni where the energy gap dropped from 3.72 for ZnO to 3.5 eV for ZnO:Ni. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we report the structural, optical, and surface properties of copper oxide (CuO) nanostructures that were produced using the chemical co-precipitation process at various specified pH values ranging from 8 to 12. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and elemental analysis (EDX) were used to describe the structural properties of the produced nanostructures, while UV–visible spectroscopy was used to examine their optical properties. The study of X-ray diffractometer patterns indicates the pure phase formation of CuO and this purity loses when pH reach to 13 where the impurities presented in the CuO. scanning electron microscopy images show the structural changes from nanoparticles shape at (pH 8) to nanoflowers shape (pH 10). The absorption band of CuO nanoparticles shows a blue shift with increase of pH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microservices has become a buzzword in industry as many large IT giants such as Amazon, Twitter, Uber, etc have started migrating their existing applications to this new style and few of them have started building their new applications with this style. Due to increasing user requirements and the need to add more business functionalities to the existing applications, the web applications designed using the microservices style also face a few performance challenges. Though this style has been successfully adopted in the design of large enterprise applications, still the applications face performance related issues. It is clear from the literature that most of the articles focus only on the backend microservices. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no solution proposed considering micro frontends along with the backend microservices. To improve the performance of the microservices based web applications, in this paper, a new framework for the design of web applications with micro frontends for frontend and microservices in the backend of the application is presented. To assess the proposed framework, an empirical investigation is performed to analyze the performance and it is found that the applications designed with micro frontends with microservices have performed better than the applications with monolithic frontends. Additionally, to predict the performance of microservices based applications, a machine learning model is proposed as machine learning has wide applications in software engineering related activities. The accuracy of the proposed model using different metrics is also presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A trapezoidal-shaped force transducer is designed and demonstrated metrologically for static force measurement. The presented design has been investigated by finite element analysis and validated through experimental measurements. Metrological characterization of the force transducer is done based on guidelines of standard ISO 376: 2011, and relevant factors have been considered for evaluation of uncertainty of measurement of the force transducer. The transducer measures the force with an uncertainty of up to ± 0.05% (k = 2) and 0.10% (k = 2) in strain gauged force transducer and dial gauged force proving instrument, respectively, in the operating range (50–100% of nominal capacity). The superficial design characteristics of the transducer make it very economical for experimental and trade pacts. For a range of modern technologies, force measurement sensors and sensor-enabled industrial infrastructure play a critical role. In Industry 4.0, metrological traceability and the utilization of sensors, instruments, and machinery are in high need, and this demand will grow in the coming years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Probiotics, like lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, benefit health by populating the digestive system, which houses numerous microbial species. Studies demonstrate their ability to inhibit biofilm formation, crucial in preventing oral conditions like dental caries. Our research evaluated a probiotic strain's anti-biofilm efficacy against oral pathogens in 45 individuals' saliva, alongside its biofilmforming potential. Analysis revealed significant biofilm inhibition in 36 samples. Comparisons based on age, gender, and geography further supported these findings. We propose further exploration of probiotics tailored to specific demographics to enhance oral health outcomes, suggesting a promising avenue for preventing oral microbial diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the precision and durability of samples produced through laser powder bed fusion (LPBF), a widely adopted additive manufacturing technique known for its exceptional performance. This study involved fabricating a flat sample featuring curved elements, with the build direction aligned along the Z-axis, while the flat surfaces were oriented in the XY direction. The sample's width, length, and radius of curvature distances were measured using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). The nominal values were used as a reference to compare the measured dimensions of the sample. The results indicated that the sample length was slightly shorter than the nominal values. However, all measured values had a percentage error within the allowed ranges. The direction of the dimension that was evaluated, such as the X, Y, or Z direction, may affect the dimensional stability of the sample. Dimensional stability exhibits favourable performance when the energy density falls within the 58 to 81 J/mm3 range. This work studied how the process variables influenced the dimensional stability of heat-treated samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study reports development of an EN 24 steel-based shaped force transducer with simple design/manufacturing considerations for metrological and industrial applications. Analytical and computational investigation have been used to critically examine the force transducer (of square ring shape), and experimental observations have been used to validate the results. Metrological evaluation of force transducer is obtained by dial gauge indicator (resolution 0.1 μm/0.2 μm) and strain gauges arranged in a Wheatstone bridge as per standard ISO 376: 2011 (for class D force transducers) for the nominal capacity of 5 kN. Uncertainty measurement of the force transducer for its working range (50–100%) is around 0.05%, which lies in the acceptable content and makes it suitable for metrological/industrial applications. This paper aims to design, develop, and metrologically validate a square ring force transducer with a nominal capacity of 5 kN. The proposed work involves a systematic approach to design, develop, and ensure consistency between analytical, computational, and experimental methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing is emerging as one of the manufacturing technologies, which affect the traditional supply chain management. The traditional supply chain is based on a push system, whereas an additional supply chain is based on a pull system. In this work we have found the impact of 3D printing on supply chain management, what the risks and opportunities of 3D printing on the supply chain are and, also what the companies are doing to leverages these opportunities and risks. It has been concluded that the additive supply chain has drastically changed the traditional supply chain in four key ways i.e. time, quality, speed, and environmental impact. It will result in the effective management of resources, which is of immense importance, keeping in mind the sustainable development goals of a blue-chip organization. It will be cost-effective and will reduce the lead-time of the supply chain. It will result in increased customer satisfaction, as the product will be produced by mass customization and improved quality. Moreover, this will lead to flexibility in the manufacturing process, which will enhance industrial efficiency. Therefore, we can say that this research will give us the vision of different industries in India in the coming years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 [SARS-CoV-2]) was the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic 2019. SARS-CoV-2 affects respiratory tract and damages the tissue resulting in generation of inflammatory cells such as cytokines and chemokines such as IFN that damage the lung alveoli, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the study are to analyze the blood inflammatory markers of COVID-19 patients and association between clinical outcomes in COVID-19-positive patients with serum inflammatory markers during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic in 100 bedded dedicated COVID MCH Raigarh CG. Materials and Methods: In this hospital-based crosssectional observational study, 90 patients with COVID-19 were enrolled and categorized into three groups: mild, moderate, and severe. Blood inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, CK-Nac as well as hemogram total leukocyte count (TLC), differential leukocyte count, and neutrophil: lymphocyte (N:L) were determined and analyzed. Results: The results of the oxygen saturation (SpO2) severity strength of association with multiple variables taken in the study through logistic regression analysis of COVID-19 patient’s inflammatory markers serum levels of LDH (P<0.05, odds ratio [OR]=1.0146), ferritin (P<0.05, OR=0.9788), N:L (P<0.05, OR=4.1041), and other non-inflammatory parameters such as creatinine (P<0.05, OR=17.8039) were significant. SpO2 severity of COVID-19 patient’s with inflammatory markers LDH, ferritin, CK-Nac, and TLC associated with all severe, moderate, and mild groups. There was no significant association in the serum levels of CRP between the severe, moderate, and mild groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the levels of LDH, ferritin, CK-Nac, and TLC could be used to predict the severity of COVID-19 disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Production of 155Tb radioisotope for medical purposes is still a challenge. In this regard the present study has been done using 16O beam and 146Nd target within the 3–7 MeV/nucleon energy range. The γ-ray spectrometry has been used to identify the residues produced in the reaction. The EF measurements have been done and cross-sections of 155Tb have been reported and compared with the theoretical model code PACE 4. A strong indication of the occurrence of incomplete fusion has been realized within the energy range considered. The highest cross-section of 124 ± 12 mb has been obtained at Elab 101.7 ± 0.5 MeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ten full-length vip3-type genes amplified from the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates recovered from various Indian agro-climatic zones and two from known Bt strains were cloned, sequenced and confirmed as vip3Aa-type genes based on sequence homology. Comparison of deduced amino acid sequences of these genes compared with previously reported vip3Aa-type genes and other lepidopteran-specific vip3Aa genes revealed new amino acid substitutions, indicating the diversity of Indian Bt isolates. These genes have been grouped into six phylogenetic clusters and assigned names as vip3Aa67–vip3Aa78 by Bt nomenclature committee (www.bpprc.com). Interestingly, the substitution of lysine in the holotype Vip3Aa1 with glutamine at amino acid position 284 was uniformly found in all our Vip3Aa-type proteins, suggesting sequence conservation as well as diversity among these proteins. For evaluation of toxicity, vip3Aa67–vip3Aa72 genes were cloned in pET-29a(+) Escherichia coli expression vector. The immunostrip assays, SDS-PAGE and western blot analysis with Vip3A antibodies confirmed the presence of Vip3Aa67, Vip3Aa68, Vip3Aa69, Vip3Aa70, Vip3Aa71 and Vip3Aa72 proteins of ca. 89 kDa size. The toxicity of these Vip3Aa proteins along with the Vip3Aa44 protein used as a positive control was evaluated against Helicoverpa armigera. LC50 ranged from 0.921 to 8.513 ppm indicating their insecticidal potential. The impact of Vip3A proteins on the life cycle characteristics of H. armigera was studied, and the results showed toxic and sublethal effects on the growth and fecundity of the insect population. Computational analysis of the three-dimensional structure of Vip3Aa proteins revealed the effect of amino acid substitutions on stability, highlighting the importance of flexibility in protein function. This study reveals the potential of the newly identified Vip3Aa proteins in the biological control of H. armigera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fusion excitation functions of evaporation residues, populated through complete fusion and/or incomplete fusion, were measured in the 18 O+ 146 Nd system at an incident beam energy of ≈ 3–7 MeV/nucleon. These results were then compared with those obtained from the previously reported 16 O+ 148 Nd system. This comparison is particularly relevant since both systems lead to the population of the same compound nucleus, 164 Er*, in the case of complete fusion, and the same intermediate composite system, 160 Dy*, in the case of incomplete fusion. Significant enhancements in the measured excitation functions of evaporation residues populated via α -emitting channels indicate the population of such residues via incomplete fusion in addition to complete fusion. Further, a comparison of the measured data for 18 O+ 146 Nd and 16 O+ 148 Nd systems shows interesting results. The complete fusion and incomplete fusion cross-sections, reduced by three different procedures, are found to satisfactorily match each other, despite the major difference in the α - breakup threshold values of the projectiles 18 O (6.23 MeV) and 16 O (7.16 MeV). The effect of different α -breakup threshold values of the projectiles 18 O and 16 O was not observed in the comparison of incomplete fusion data for the systems 18 O+ 146 Nd and 16 O+ 148 Nd. This may be attributed to the fact that the residues populated in the exit channel are emitted from the same intermediate composite system 160 Dy* and also there is a high resemblance in the entrance channel mass asymmetry and other structural properties of these systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Augmented reality (AR) has proven to be a potential source of disruption in the marketing discipline. Abundant research has attested to AR's potential by exploring the impact of AR attributes on behavioral intentions and users' attitudes. However, AR's potential to spark customer interactions, co‐create value, and foster brand advocacy remains poorly understood. This study explores whether and how AR can turn users into brand advocates. Applying structural equation modeling to a sample of 502 AR users, the study finds that AR empowers users during their shopping experience, creating strong brand attachment and engagement and ultimately leading to brand advocacy. This brand‐focused study, which goes beyond the technical aspects of AR, is unique and has the potential to inform the strategic decision‐making of managers aiming to enhance the customer experience by means of AR implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rising opportunities of sustainable tourism have brought many policies to control the exploitation of the environment and increase the reach of luxurious, safe, and authentic experiences to the different segments of tourists. This study seeks to prioritize the variables influencing the development of sustainable tourism and pinpoint key success factors that align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It adopts a tri-dimensional framework encompassing economic, social, and environmental aspects, further delineated into eleven sub-dimensions, to provide a quantitative evaluation of sustainable tourism. We conducted interviews with 26 tourism industry experts hailing from eight countries, analyzing their responses using interval type-2 fuzzy sets. The results underscore the critical role of specific components in advancing sustainable tourism. In the economic dimension, "financial resources and tourism costs" emerge as vital factors. In the social dimension, "health and safety" takes center stage, while "green infrastructure" plays a pivotal role in the environmental dimension. These findings underscore the significance of these aspects in promoting sustainable tourism. Furthermore, this study explores the strategic importance of sustainable tourism equity in shaping tourism planning and development for emerging markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common age‐related neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the impairment in memory and other cognitive functions. Although there is currently no successful pharmacotherapy for AD, researchers are continuously exploring the various pathogenesis of AD to develop potential therapeutic drugs. Of the multiple hypotheses for AD, the cholinergic and amyloid‐β (Aβ) hypothesis are the main targeting hypothesis for AD. Some researchers proposed that the symptoms involved in AD (loss of memory, cognitive impairment, and amnesia) are the main event linked to the cholinergic neurotransmitter (acetylcholine). Therefore, the development of AChE inhibitors to increase the level of ACh in the synaptic cleft can improve learning and memory in AD patients. Huprine X is a synthetic ChE inhibitor developed by the hybridization of Huperzine A and the synthetic drug tacrine. This review focuses on the last 10 year's literature search on huprine and its analogues for the treatment of AD. We expect that this review can be helpful for medicinal chemists, and neuro‐chemists to provide new ideas for the development of new drugs therapy for AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Lung diseases, both infectious and non-infectious, are the most prevalent cause of mortality overall in the world. Medical research has identified pneumonia, lung cancer, and Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as prominent lung diseases prioritized over others. Imaging modalities, including X-rays, computer tomography (CT) scans, magnetic resonance imaging (MRIs), positron emission tomography (PET) scans, and others, are primarily employed in medical assessments because they provide computed data that can be utilized as input datasets for computer-assisted diagnostic systems. Imaging datasets are used to develop and evaluate machine learning (ML) methods to analyze and predict prominent lung diseases. Objective: This review analyzes ML paradigms, imaging modalities' utilization, and recent developments for prominent lung diseases. Furthermore, the research also explores various datasets available publically that are being used for prominent lung diseases. Methods: The well-known databases of academic studies that have been subjected to peer review, namely ScienceDirect, arXiv, IEEE Xplore, MDPI, and many more, were used for the search of relevant articles. Applied keywords and combinations used to search procedures with primary considerations for review, such as pneumonia, lung cancer, COVID-19, various imaging modalities, ML, convolutional neural networks (CNNs), transfer learning, and ensemble learning. Results: This research finding indicates that X-ray datasets are preferred for detecting pneumonia, while CT scan datasets are predominantly favored for detecting lung cancer. Furthermore, in COVID-19 detection, X-ray datasets are prioritized over CT scan datasets. The analysis reveals that X-rays and CT scans have surpassed all other imaging techniques. It has been observed that using CNNs yields a high degree of accuracy and practicability in identifying prominent lung diseases. Transfer learning and ensemble learning are complementary techniques to CNNs to facilitate analysis. Furthermore, accuracy is the most favored metric for assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The library and information services of the twenty first century are rapidly changing education learning patterns because of the rapid development of electronic publishing libraries. However, the literature reveals the considerable unpredictability in experience, challenges, and awareness about E-resources among college students during and after the COVID-19 Pandemic scenario. In the aftermath of the pandemic, everyone has been forced to learn and teach E-resources in educational institutions worldwide. Along with their academic demands, college students are confronted by a lack of knowledge of handling e-learning resources and low network connectivity in remote regions. In this aspect, this study commenced to describe the experience, challenges, and awareness about e-learning resources. A descriptive and diagnostic research design was adopted and primary data was collected from college students through Google Forms with participant consent. The basic information about respondents, experience, challenges, and awareness of E-resources are tools of the study. The statistical analysis is to be carried out based on the study's objective. This analysis was used to identify influential factors and to explore the relationships between e-learning experience, and resource awareness. Subsequently, the analysis is used to discuss recommendations for enhancing the utilization of e-learning resources based on the study's findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) is a rare entity found in the oral cavity which involves the mandible in only 3% of all UPS bone lesions. The correlation of the clinical presentation of the neoplasm with the histopathological and immunohistochemistry findings is very important for appropriate diagnosis. Its incidence in membranous bone like mandible is rare. According to our literature search in the PubMed database, there are only four reported cases from India some of which does not have any immunohistochemistry findings to confirm the diagnosis. We present a rare case of UPS of mandible which was clinically mimicking squamous cell carcinoma. Upon immunohistochemical analysis, we found vimentin, KI67, CD68 positive and desmin, Melan A, LCA, S100 and myogenin negative, which lead us to the diagnosis of UPS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of the bottom-of-the-pyramid (BoP) segment on social media has increased considerably over the past few years. This vulnerable segment differs in the socio-economic status with idiosyncrasies; this study explores the mechanism and factors pertinent to social media engagement among Indian BoP users. The study uses a grounded theory approach employing 26 in-depth interviews. We found that social media engagement at the BoP level comprises of both positively and negatively valenced engagement. BoP users see social media as a resource, assess its complementarity with their abilities and establish the social relevance of the social media platform. On the other hand, the security perceptions and the restrictions of the BoP users affect the engagement. The study provides interesting insights into the BoP segment's differential social media behavior (vs. other segments) due to the vulnerability of this segment. These differences do not occur at a broader level but subtly underlying the social hierarchy and disadvantaged positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contagion spread is a common phenomenon observable on a variety of complex networks. The knowledge of key spreaders and contagion dynamics facilitates the design of applications that can either reduce the spread of unwanted contagion or amplify the proliferation of desired ones. Hence, it is essential to identify and rank the influential (key) spreaders in complex networks. Extended neighbourhood coreness (Cnc+) is one such method that uses the k-shell index to identify and rank the influential spreaders. The neighborhood of a node plays a very important role in contagion spread and the combination of local and global topological information of a node can better capture the spreading influence of the nodes. In this paper, a measure, namely, hybrid Cnc+ coreNess (HCN) is proposed that extends Cnc+ by including first and second order neighbourhood of a node (local information) along with the k-shell index. In experiments, HCN is compared with state of the art methods for both real and artificial datasets. The results show that HCN is accurate and better than state of the art methods. Further, least variation in ranking accuracy is observed in experiments of parameter variation for artificial networks. Computational complexity analysis shows that the proposed method achieves high accuracy incurring a small computational penalty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CD44 and SALL4 are markers of stemness and expressed in cancer stem cells (CSCs). Their deregulated expression was seen in various tumors and has been correlated with clinical severity. We evaluated immunohistochemical expression of CD44 and SALL4 in leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). CD44 was expressed in all the cases of leukoplakia and Its expression correlated with severity of the dysplasia in leukoplakia but varied with differentiation in OSCC. SALL4 did not express in leukoplakia. Its expression was varied in OSCC cases. We opine that CD44 expression is consistent with the progression of dysplasia in leukoplakia and differentiation in OSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thiazolidinone scaffold has become a promising scaffold when it comes to therapeutic importance, and researchers are quite interested in it because of its wide range of applications in the different fields of chemistry. The capacity of this nucleus to interact with a variety of biological targets, including the peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR), protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B, aldose reductase, α‐glucosidase, and α‐amylase, has led to the observation of its antidiabetic effect. α‐Amylase (α‐1,4‐glucan‐4‐glucanohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.1) is one of the most important industrial endoamylases capable of hydrolyzing the internal α‐1,4‐glycosidic bonds in polysaccharides with net retention of α‐anomeric configuration in low molecular weight products, such as glucose, maltose, and maltotriose units. The inhibitors of α‐amylase have the ability to lower endogenous activity, which is crucial for the management of agricultural pests as well as the treatment and prevention of human disorders. In the present review, we attempted to compile the most recent studies on thiazolidinone‐based α‐amylase inhibitors, investigate their therapeutic potential in treating diabetes, comprehend the relationships between structure and activity, offer suggestions for future research and translation of these findings into clinical applications. This comprehensive review strives to be a valuable resource for researchers, medicinal chemists, and healthcare professionals involved in developing and applying novel therapeutics for treating metabolic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Educational Systems have remained the same for decades while the technology and its effect on our daily lives has undergone tremendous progress. Technology has been incorporated in various other fields with great success while education has been conservative and slow to adapt, this has been problematic in a number of ways, since entertainment, news, social media have evolved to better suit the human psyche. This creates a gap between these aforementioned systems and education where education is way behind in terms of engagement and immersion compared to entertainment and such. We propose one way to tackle this divide is to use "Educational Games" which use technology to make education engaging and entertaining. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic age‐related neurodegenerative brain disorder characterized by the impairment of memory accompanied by worsening of thinking ability of an individual. The exact pathophysiology of AD is not fully understood. However low level of the neurotransmitter named acetylcholine (ACh), aggregation of Aβ peptide into toxic Aβ plaque, hyperphosphorylation of tau, bio‐metal imbalance, and oxidative stress are the main hallmarks of this disease. Due to the complex pathophysiology of AD, no specific treatment is available in the market, and treatment is only limited to the symptomatic relief. So, there is an urgent need for the development of new drug candidate, which can have disease‐modifying effect and improve learning and memory in AD patient. Therefore, berberine‐based multifunction compounds with potential cholinesterase inhibitory properties were reviewed in this article. Structure–activity relationship (SAR) and biological activity provide highlights on the new derivatives used for the management of AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and irreversible neurodegenerative disease associated with aging. It is characterized by the progressive loss of memory and other cognitive functions. Although the exact etiology of AD is not well explored, several factors, such as the deposition of amyloid‐β (Aβ) plaques, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein, presence of low levels of acetylcholine, and generation of oxidative stress, are key mediators in the progression of AD. Currently, the clinical treatment options for AD are limited and are based on cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitors (e.g., donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine), N‐methyl‐ d‐aspartic acid receptor antagonists (e.g., memantine), and the recently approved Aβ modulator (e.g., aducanumab). Tryptamine (2‐(1H‐indol‐3‐yl)ethan‐1‐amine) is a small molecule that contains an indole nucleus and an ethylamine side chain. It is also the active metabolite of tryptophan. It possesses a wide range of biological activities related to neurodegenerative disorders, such as ChE inhibition, Aβ aggregation inhibition, antioxidant effects, monoamine‐oxidase inhibition, and neuroprotection. Several tryptamine‐based hybrid analogs are currently being investigated as multifunctional agents for the development of novel hybrids for AD treatment. Thus, this review article aims to provide in‐depth insights into the research progress and strategies for designing multifunctional agents used in Alzheimer's therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Nasal morphology remodeling by nasoalveolar molding (NAM) before primary lip repair gives better post-surgery outcomes. However, traditional NAM has high technical sensitivity, a steep learning curve, frequent need for modifications, and interrupts lifting forces on the nasal cartilage during oral movements, thereby reducing overall efficacy of device. To eliminate interaction and interdependency of the nasal bulb with alveolar molding plate, we propose segmenting NAM (SNAM) into nasolabial complex molding (NCM) and alveolar complex molding (ACM). NCM addresses ala-septum, lip-premaxilla via lambda-nasal hook and lip taping. ACM addresses palate-alveolus via Yen-modified feeding plate. When the hook is suspended by elastic traction, nasal complex undergoes a natural rotation, where cleft-side ala lifts and septum medializes. Lip taping and feeding plate augment positive molding of cleft segments and maintain transverse relation. The current study outlines SNAM treatment strategy and assesses the effect on nasal deformity. Design and setting: Retrospective observational cohort study set in a comprehensive cleft care centre. Patients: Twenty patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate who underwent SNAM were selected. Main outcome measures: Retrospectively, standardized basilar views, pre-, and post-SNAM therapy were evaluated for nostril height, and nostril width, as a ratio of cleft to non-cleft side along with columellar deviation angle. Results: SNAM resulted in significantly improved nostril symmetry with no complications observed. Nostril height ratio increased from 0.35 ± 0.10 to 0.78 ± 0.17. Nostril width ratio decreased from 3.14 ± 0.66 to 2.18 ± 0.42. Columellar deviation angle increased from 26.5 ± 6.30 to 58.5 ± 9.88 degrees. Conclusions: Dynamic correction of the nasal deformity in UCLP is possible through SNAM therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selective laser melting (SLM) is a powder-based process that has gained massive attention due to excellent design flexibility and complex part fabrication with a microscopic resolution. This study focused on the dimensional accuracy analysis of SLM-manufactured parts using 3D scanning technology. The primary objective is to provide a system that integrates the reverse engineering concept with additive manufacturing (AM) design principles. 316L stainless steel (SS) samples are scanned using an EinScan Pro 3D scanner, and the precise details of geometric attributes, such as full length, gauge length, diameter, and thickness, were gathered. Three-dimensional scanning captures many surface data points to produce a more accurate object representation. The gathered information was correlated with the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) E-466 standard. The dimensional stability of parts was investigated to correlate with process parameters. The dimensional error of fabricated part's is investigated at different orientations; every axis and the respective dimensional variations are shown in detail. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was done to obtain the significant parameter for dimensional stability. It showed that the minimum dimensional stability of the parts was obtained at a high laser power of 300 W, a high scanning speed of 1100 mm/s, and a low hatch distance of 80 μm, corresponding to an energy density of 56.81 J/mm3. Scanning speed significantly affects the dimensional accuracy of SLM fabricated parts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Access to services for consumers with disabilities (CwD) has gained increased attention from researchers and service providers in recent years. Consequently, ensuring that services are designed and maintained in a manner that is more inclusive and accessible to CwD has become imperative. However, academic literature is fragmented and thus, this study aims to provide a state-of-the-art synthesis for further theoretical development. Design/methodology/approach: This study reviews 77 relevant articles in the domain using a multidisciplinary review following the PRISMA protocol, and a thematic analysis was conducted. Findings: The study thoroughly synthesizes the theories, contexts and methods used in the extant literature. Next, the study presents a new theoretical framework with four broader dimensions: beyond regulations, towards accessibility, value co-creation, inclusion of CwD and role of stakeholders. Furthermore, it highlights the related sub-dimensions attributed to the service design stages (planning, usage and post-usage). Based on this, the study offers critical avenues for future research using the Double Diamond framework. Originality/value: The study contributes significantly to service design literature for CwD and transformative service research by developing a new consolidated theoretical framework. The findings should direct service providers towards better service designs in related fields. Socially, the study has implications for promoting accessibility and inclusion for CwD, while providing them the freedom of choice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Primary immune deficiencies or inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are a heterogeneous group of disorders that predispose affected individuals to infections, allergy, autoimmunity, autoinflammation and malignancies. IEIs are increasingly being recognized in the Indian subcontinent. Two hundred and eight patients diagnosed with an IEI during February 2017 to November 2021 at a tertiary care center in South India were included in the study. The clinical features, laboratory findings including microbiologic and genetic data, and treatment and outcome details were analyzed. The diagnosis of IEI was confirmed in a total of 208 patients (198 kindreds) based on relevant immunological tests and/or genetic tests. The male-to-female ratio was 1.8:1. Of the 208 patients, 72 (34.6%) were < 1 yr, 112 (53.8%) were 1–18 years, and 24 (11.5%) were above 18 years. The most common IEI in our cohort was SCID (17.7%) followed by CGD (12.9%) and CVID (9.1%). We also had a significant proportion of patients with DOCK8 deficiency (7.2%), LAD (6.2%) and six patients (2.8%) with autoinflammatory diseases. Autoimmunity was noted in forty-six (22%) patients. Molecular testing was performed in 152 patients by exome sequencing on the NGS platform, and a genetic variant was reported in 132 cases. Twenty-nine children underwent 34 HSCT, and 135 patients remain on supportive therapy such as immunoglobulin replacement and/or antimicrobial prophylaxis. Fifty-nine (28.3%) patients died during the study period, and infections were the predominant cause of mortality. Seven families underwent prenatal testing in the subsequent pregnancy. We describe the profile of 208 patients with IEI, and to the best of our knowledge, this represents the largest data on IEI from the Indian subcontinent reported so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shear shallow water model is an extension of the classical shallow water model to include the effects of vertical shear. It is a system of six non-linear hyperbolic PDE with non-conservative products. We develop a high-order entropy stable finite difference scheme for this model in one dimension and extend it to two dimensions on rectangular grids. The key idea is to rewrite the system so that non-conservative terms do not contribute to the entropy evolution. Then, we first develop an entropy conservative scheme for the conservative part, which is then extended to the complete system using the fact that the non-conservative terms do not contribute to the entropy production. The entropy dissipative scheme, which leads to an entropy inequality, is then obtained by carefully adding dissipative flux terms. The proposed schemes are then tested on several one and two-dimensional problems to demonstrate their stability and accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes entropy stable discontinuous Galerkin schemes (DG) for two-fluid relativistic plasma flow equations. These equations couple the flow of relativistic fluids via electromagnetic quantities evolved using Maxwell’s equations. The proposed schemes are based on the Gauss–Lobatto quadrature rule, which has the summation by parts property. We exploit the structure of the equations having the flux with three independent parts coupled via nonlinear source terms. We design entropy stable DG schemes for each flux part, coupled with the fact that the source terms do not affect entropy, resulting in an entropy stable scheme for the complete system. The proposed schemes are then tested on various test problems in one and two dimensions to demonstrate their accuracy and stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The shoot apical meristem (SAM) of higher plants comprises distinct functional zones. The central zone (CZ) is located at the meristem summit and harbors pluripotent stem cells. Stem cells undergo cell division within the CZ and give rise to descendants, which enter the peripheral zone (PZ) and become recruited into lateral organs. Stem cell daughters that are pushed underneath the CZ form rib meristem (RM). To unravel the mechanism of meristem development, it is essential to know how stem cells adopt distinct cell fates in the SAM. Here, we show that meristem patterning and floral organ primordia formation, besides auxin transport, are regulated by auxin biosynthesis mediated by two closely related genes of the TRYPTOPHAN AMINOTRANSFERASE family. In Arabidopsis SAM, TAA1 and TAR2 played a role in maintaining auxin responses and the identity of PZ cell types. In the absence of auxin biosynthesis and transport, the expression pattern of the marker genes linked to the patterning of the SAM is perturbed. Our results prove that local auxin biosynthesis, in concert with transport, controls the patterning of the SAM into the CZ, PZ and RM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a major fiber crop that is cultivated worldwide and has significant economic importance. India harbors the largest area for cotton cultivation, but its fiber yield is still compromised and ranks 22nd in terms of productivity. Genetic improvement of cotton fiber yield traits is one of the major goals of cotton breeding, but the understanding of the genetic architecture underlying cotton fiber yield traits remains limited and unclear. To better decipher the genetic variation associated with fiber yield traits, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide association mapping study using 117 Indian cotton germplasm for six yield-related traits. To accomplish this, we generated 2,41,086 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) methods. Population structure, PCA, kinship, and phylogenetic analyses divided the germplasm into two sub- populations, showing weak relatedness among the germplasms. Through association analysis, 205 SNPs and 134 QTLs were identified to be significantly associated with the six fiber yield traits. In total, 39 novel QTLs were identified in the current study, whereas 95 QTLs overlapped with existing public domain data in a comparative analysis. Eight QTLs, qGhBN_SCY_D6-1, qGhBN_SCY_D6-2, q G h B N _ S C Y _ D 6 - 3, q G h S I _ L I _ A 5, q G h L I _ S I _ A 1 3, q G h L I _ S I _ D 9, qGhBW_SCY_A10, and qGhLP_BN_A8 were identified. Gene annotation of these fiber yield QTLs revealed 2,509 unique genes. These genes were predominantly enriched for different biological processes, such as plant cell wall synthesis, nutrient metabolism, and vegetative growth development in the gene ontology (GO) enrichment study. Furthermore, gene expression analysis using RNAseq data from 12 diverse cotton tissues identified 40 candidate genes (23 stable and 17 novel genes) to be transcriptionally active in different stages of fiber, ovule, and seed development. These findings have revealed a rich tapestry of genetic elements, including SNPs, QTLs, and candidate genes, and may have a high potential for improving fiber yield in future breeding programs for Indian cotton. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spodoptera frugiperda, fall armyworm (FAW), is one of the notorious insect-pest that has invaded a large number of countries in a short span of time across the globe, causing huge economic losses. FAW has been in the news due to its damage potential and preference for maize crop. Besides maize, this pest is being observed moving to other crops such as sorghum, sugarcane, and many other crops. The damage to cotton caused by this insect has not been documented in any part of India. First, we describe the unusual damage symptoms caused by FAW on cotton during the pre-blooming stage. Typical damage symptoms include dead hearts, drooping main stem leaves, and burrowing. The phylogenetic analysis of the mtCOI gene sequences from the present studies along with earlier reported sequences confirmed their grouping into corn strains. Further bioassays of the F1 individuals with fruiting bodies of Bollgard-II cotton confirmed the high susceptibility of FAW to Cry1Ac and Cry2Ab toxins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]