Search

Objective: This research was aimed to explore protective effects of allicin on rat model of myocardial infarction via JNK signaling pathway. Methods: Rat myocardial ischemia model was established with subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (ISO). Seventy-five rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n = 15): sham group, ISO group, low-dose group (1.2 mg/kg/days for 7 days), medium-dose group (1.8 mg/kg/days for 7 days), and high-dose group (3.6 mg/kg/days for 7 days). Routine HE staining and Masson staining were performed to observe myocardial histopathology. The expression of oxidative stress-related indicators, heart tissue apoptosis-related proteins, and JNK and p-JNK proteins were measured for different groups. Results: Compared with the sham group, the T wave value of the ISO group was significantly increased (p < 0.01). When allicin was administered, the T wave values at different time points in all groups were all decreased. Compared with the sham group, the ratio of eNOS, Bcl-2/Bax was significantly decreased, and p-eNOS, iNOS, caspase-3, caspase-9, and Cyt-c were significantly elevated in the ISO group (p < 0.05). After allicin was administered, significant changes in these proteins were observed in the medium- and high-dose groups. There was no significant change in the expression of JNK protein in the ISO group compared with the sham group; however, the expression of eNOS and p-JNK protein were significantly upregulated (p < 0.01) and the expression of p-eNOS and iNOS were significantly downregulated (p < 0.01). When allicin was administered, expression of p-JNK protein was significantly downregulated. Conclusion: Allicin can reduce oxidative stress damage and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in rat model of myocardial infarction and can significantly regulate JNK signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of self-focusing and defocusing of the optical beam, which is caused by the interaction between a strong light field and medium, plays an important role in nonlinear optics. The difference in the spatial structure of the strong control beam with orbital angular momentum (OAM) and the Gaussian mode will have different effects on self-focusing and defocusing, which has the potential for realizing the modulation of the self-focusing and the defocusing process of the probe light with OAM. In this work, we report the influence of the spatial structure of the control beam on the self-focusing and defocusing process of the probe beam in a hot rubidium vapor cell with a lambda-type configuration. Under the same experimental condition, the control beam with the Laguerre-Gaussian mode contributes more to self-defocusing, while the Gaussian mode promotes the defocusing effect. The result is promising for manipulating the optical beam with OAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays the most intriguing features of wave-particle complementarity of single-photons are exemplified by the famous Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment with linear optics, nuclear magnetic resonance, and integrated photonic device systems in the optical platform. Until now, the delayed-choice experiments are demonstrated by either massless photons or massive particles, such as atoms, however, there is no report demonstrating Wheeler's ideas in a hybrid system which consists of photons and atoms simultaneously. Here, we demonstrate a Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment in an interface of light and atomic memory, in which the cold atomic memory makes the heralded single-photon divided into a superposition of atomic collective excitation and leaked pulse, thus acting as memory-based beam-splitters. We observe the intermediate states between particle and wave behavior by changing the relative proportion of the quantum random number generator, the second memory efficiency, and the relative storage time of two memories. The reported results confirm Bohr's view that it makes no sense to illustrate the wave-like or particle-like behavior of light and matter before the measurement happens, and are helpful for improving our comprehension of the complementarity principle under the interface of light-atom interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]