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The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) identify attentional foci (AF) and coping strategies used by young fencers during matches and (b) explore the links between these variables using a grounded-theory approach. Using a naturalistic qualitative video-assisted approach, analyses revealed the emergence of five categories of AF (movements and techniques, strategies and tactics, situation evaluation, states, and extraneous attention) and six categories of coping strategies (mastery coping, internal regulation, goal-withdrawal strategies, behavioral regulation, no regulation, and automatic regulation). The grounded theory highlighted that pleasant emotional experiences tended to be related to mastery coping, which in turn favored the orientation of the attention toward AF that appeared to be most effective in winning points (i.e., opponent, distance, plan). Conversely, unpleasant emotional experiences were consistently associated with goal-withdrawal strategies (or no regulation), which generally led to a lack of AF and lower performance. Intervention suggestions are made in relation to the results of the proposed grounded theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of surface acoustic waves (SAW) in cell biology has gained high attention in the past years. Previous works show that SAW treatment of artificial wounds in vitro can accelerate wound healing by up to +135%. However, little is known about the mechanobiology behind these effects, and a stimulation has only been proven for continuous SAW signals so far. We here show that the stimulation efficacy observed in previous studies is preserved for pulsed stimuli applied to Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK-II) cells in wound healing assays on SAW chips at a resonance frequency f SAW = 160 MHz. Moreover, for a reproducible and reliable image analysis, we present the SegFormer-based deep learning algorithm Neural Cell Edge Detector for the cell edge segmentation and image binarization, that allows an automated determination of the stimulation efficacy. With these tools, we explore a wider range of applicable SAW intensities up to P in = 21 dBm (128 mW) with a maximum stimulation efficacy of E = 201%. We show that the order of magnitude of the stimulation effect is reproducible under the variation of SAW signal characteristics power P in, duty cycle D and pulse width τ, while the mean energy over time is constant. Below a distinct pulse duration limit τ = 100 ms, no direct stimulation effect was observed. From a mechanobiological point of view, these findings and time scales could narrow down the potentially triggered cellular mechanisms during the stimulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The consolidation of Building Information Modelling (BIM) on construction sites and the preparation of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) in urban city planning are on-going processes. Therefore, the operation of modern total stations in dynamic urban scenarios becomes inevitable and often reveals the limitations of state-of-the-art approaches. This paper discusses augmentation strategies for the automatic operation of total stations. Additional internal sensor information and external facility information can be used to increase the resilience of the systems and enable them to adapt to changing circumstances. This is demonstrated by the examples of a changing prism orientation due to vandalism, local refraction effects due to air-conditioning and dynamic obstructions due to traffic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In conventional GNSS planning software, the local circumstances at the antenna locations are hardly covered. Due to uniform cut-off angles in the elevation of the satellite orbits, the quality investigations are often not representative at inhomogeneous areas (e.g. vicinity of mountains or buildings). An experimental software was developed in Unity with ray-tracing approaches to evaluate the satellite constellation on the basis of actual on-site geometry with virtual reality. The software has been tested in a real-life use case for the simulation of GNSS measurements at an Austrian water dam. Furthermore, the results have been validated by actual GNSS measurements on-site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Voices of patients with hemophilia: Life-changing gene therapy" published in the journal Haemophilia discusses a national survey conducted in France to gather patient perspectives on gene therapy for hemophilia. The survey included 18 participants who had undergone gene therapy, with most reporting positive outcomes such as reduced treatment burden and improved quality of life. Patients expressed satisfaction with healthcare support and the efficacy of gene therapy in managing bleeding and pain. While some concerns were raised about potential side effects and uncertainties, the overall sentiment towards gene therapy was positive, with most patients recommending it to others. The study highlights the importance of shared decision-making, therapeutic education, and psychological support for patients undergoing gene therapy for hemophilia. [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Bleeding severity in severe haemophilic patients, with low thrombin generation (TG) capacity, can vary widely between patients, possibly reflecting differences in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) level. Aim: To compare free TFPI (fTFPI) levels in patients with severe haemophilia A (sHA) and severe haemophilia B (sHB) and to investigate in these patients as a whole the relationships between bleeding and TG potential, between TG potential and fTFPI level and between fTFPI level and bleeding tendency. Methods: Data on bleeding episodes retrospectively recorded during follow‐up visits over 5–10 years were collected and used to calculate the annualised joint bleeding rate (AJBR). fTFPI levels and basal TG parameters were determined in platelet‐poor plasma (PPP) and platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) using calibrated automated tomography (CAT). Results: Mean fTFPI levels did not differ significantly between sHA (n = 34) and sHB (n = 19) patients. Mean values of endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) and thrombin peak (peak) in PPP and PRP were two‐fold higher when fTFPI levels < 9.4 versus > 14.3 ng/mL. In patients treated on demand, ETP and peak in PRP were doubled when AJBR was ≤4.9$ \le 4.9$, AJBR being halved in patients with a low fTFPI level (9.4 ng/mL). In patients on factor prophylaxis, no association was found between TG parameters and either fTFPI level or AJBR. Conclusion: In patients treated on demand, bleeding tendency was influenced by fTFPI levels, which in turn affected basal TG potential. In patients on prophylaxis, bleeding tendency is probably determined primarily by the intensity of this treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Efmoroctocog alfa (rFVIIIFc) is an extended half‐life FVIII used notably in surgery for patients with haemophilia A. More information is needed of its usage in real‐life. Methods: Adult patients with HA followed at the Lyon Comprehensive Hemophilia Care Center who underwent a surgery with rFVIIIFc were included in this retrospective analysis. The pharmacokinetics of rFVIIIFc was assessed by plasma factor VIII clotting activity (FVIII:C) using both one‐stage (OSA) and chromogenic substrate (CSA) assays. Results: A total of 39 major and 31 minor surgeries were performed in 49 patients treated with rFVIIIFc. The median dose of rFVIIIFc infused before major and minor surgeries respectively was 67.5 ((interquartile range [IQR] 52.6‐76.9) and 48.0 (38.5‐51.8) IU/kg. For major surgeries, during the first postoperative week, the median residual FVIII:C was 78 (64.5‐101.5) IU/dL with OSA and 99 (71‐118) IU/dL with CSA (p <.0001). After surgery, rFVIIIFc doses were adjusted according to CSA results. This led to a significant decrease of rFVIIIFc consumption compared to what would have been proposed according to the OSA assay, without unusual bleeding or appearance of inhibitor. Considering the high price of the molecule, this was also associated with a significant cost reduction. Conclusion: Dose adjustment of rFVIIIFc according to FVIII: C measured by CSA is effective, safe and well tolerated in patients with haemophilia A undergoing invasive surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrically controllable quantum‐dot molecules (QDMs) are a promising platform for deterministic entanglement generation and, as such, a resource for quantum‐repeater networks. A microscopic open‐quantum‐systems approach based on a time‐dependent Bloch–Redfield equation is developed to model the generation of entangled spin states with high fidelity. The state preparation is a crucial step in a protocol for deterministic entangled‐photon‐pair generation that is proposed for quantum repeater applications. The theory takes into account the quantum‐dot molecules' electronic properties that are controlled by time‐dependent electric fields as well as dissipation due to electron–phonon interaction. The transition between adiabatic and non‐adiabatic regimes is quantified, which provides insights into the dynamics of adiabatic control of QDM charge states in the presence of dissipative processes. From this, the maximum speed of entangled‐state preparation is inferred under different experimental conditions, which serves as a first step toward simulation of attainable entangled photon‐pair generation rates. The developed formalism opens the possibility for device‐realistic descriptions of repeater protocol implementations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Population screening for risk of type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been proposed to identify those with islet autoimmunity (presence of islet autoantibodies). As islet autoantibodies can be transient, screening with a genetic risk score has been proposed as an entry into autoantibody testing. Methods: Children were recruited from eight general pediatric and specialty clinics across Virginia with diverse community settings. Recruiters in each clinic obtained informed consent/assent, a medical history, and a saliva sample for DNA extraction in children with and without a history of T1D. A custom genotyping panel was used to define T1D genetic risk based upon associated SNPs in European- and African-genetic ancestry. Subjects at "high genetic risk" were offered a separate blood collection for screening four islet autoantibodies. A follow-up contact (email, mail, and telephone) in one half of the participants determined interest and occurrence of subsequent T1D. Results: A total of 3818 children aged 2–16 years were recruited, with 14.2% (n = 542) having a "high genetic risk." Of children with "high genetic risk" and without pre-existing T1D (n = 494), 7.0% (34/494) consented for autoantibody screening; 82.4% (28/34) who consented also completed the blood collection, and 7.1% (2/28) of them tested positive for multiple autoantibodies. Among children with pre-existing T1D (n = 91), 52% (n = 48) had a "high genetic risk." In the sample of children with existing T1D, there was no relationship between genetic risk and age at T1D onset. A major factor in obtaining islet autoantibody testing was concern over SARS-CoV-2 exposure. Conclusions: Minimally invasive saliva sampling implemented using a genetic risk score can identify children at genetic risk of T1D. Consent for autoantibody screening, however, was limited largely due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and need for blood collection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Hemophilia is a rare constitutional bleeding disorder due to a deficiency in Factor VIII or Factor IX. Recurrent hemarthroses, one of the major complications of the disease, lead to hemophilic arthropathy, a disabling condition that requires early diagnosis. Traditionally, clinical examination and plain film radiography have been used to diagnose hemophilic arthropathy. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound can be more useful for diagnosing soft‐tissue changes. However, but each of these methods has limitations and diagnosis of arthropathy can be delayed. Aim: The aim of this project was to assess plasmatic biomolecules indicative of osteo‐cartilaginous damage in patients with hemophilia with or without known arthropathy, in order to improve the diagnosis of this major complication of the disease. Methods: In this monocentric retrospective study, 40 patients with hemophilia A or B, for whom a plasma sample was available, provided informed consent for further analyses (multiplex immunoassays and ELISA) and collection of relevant clinical information in their medical files. Correlations were sought for between biomarkers of interest and the severity of joint lesions assessed according to Pettersson's radiologic score. Results: Two biomarkers were identified, respectively SDF‐1α and COMP. Their plasmatic levels were significantly increased in patients with arthropathy compared to controls and patients without arthropathy. These values correlated significantly with the Pettersson score in patients under regular prophylaxis. Conclusion: Two plasma biomarkers have been identified that could help assess the presence and severity of hemophilic arthropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a practical and efficient workflow for deformation monitoring of transport infrastructure. We propose using commercially available mobile laser scanning (MLS) systems to scan civil infrastructure while driving by in a car or rail vehicle. Our processing pipeline corrects for MLS-specific systematic deviations and models deformations from point clouds of two epochs. Following the concept of rigorous deformation analysis, we statistically test the deformations for significance. The required point cloud uncertainty may be obtained in two ways. First option is empirically by multiple passes and, secondly, by prediction with a learned stochastic model. We apply the method to three retaining structures and evaluate results based on ground truth geodetic surveys. The deviations did not exceed 10 mm, even for complex object surfaces or when traveling at 80 km/h. We demonstrate that the method is capable of revealing displacements in the centimeter range without relying on any installations on the structure. The approach shows great potential as a novel, efficient tool for detecting and quantifying defective structures in a road and railway network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In patients with haemophilia, repeated bleeding in large joints leads to chronic haemophilic arthropathy, a rare disease that can be managed surgically with ankle arthrodesis or with total ankle replacement (TAR). TAR has been reported to provide good surgical results in the medium/long‐term and allow preservation of joint mobility but the medical therapeutic management of the patients has not been described. Aim: To describe the medical therapeutic management of TAR. Methods: All patients with haemophilia A/B, with haemophilic ankle arthropathy, and who underwent TAR between April 2006 and October 2019 were retrospectively included. Factor consumption, perioperative and early complications, volume of blood lost, and orthopaedic data were collected. Results: A total of 25 patients underwent 29 TAR (mean age was 44.7 years [range: 26–65]). In the 17 patients with HA without history of anti‐FVIII inhibitor, the mean ± SD consumption the day of surgery was 116 ± 16 UI/kg when clotting factors were administered by continuous infusion, 106 ± 13 UI/kg when SHL factors were administered by bolus infusion, and 75 ± 22 UI/kg when EHL factors were administered by bolus infusion. During hospitalisation, the mean factor cost was €38,073 (83.7% of the total cost of surgery). Mean blood loss was significantly lower in patients treated with tranexamic acid (164 mL, range: 40–300) than in those not (300 mL, range: 70–800; p =.01). Six patients had haematoma. The 10‐year survival free of any prosthesis removal/arthrodesis was estimated to be 92.2% (95% CI [83; 100]). Conclusion: The medical therapeutic management of TAR is complex, carried out by a multidisciplinary team but effective in avoiding the occurrence of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and aim: A national survey was initiated by representatives of French patients with haemophilia (AFH) and the French reference centre for haemophilia, in order to appreciate the awareness and knowledge of these patients regarding haemophilia gene therapy (HGT) and understand better their position about this innovative treatment that will soon become available. Results: Of 143 answers received, 137 could be analysed, representing about 3.5% of patients with severe or moderate haemophilia over 16year‐old. They were 80.3% with haemophilia A and 19.7 % with haemophilia B, with a severe form of the disease for 80.3 % of them. Curiosity for HGT was formulated by 64.2% of the participants, 33.6 % being interested by this approach as soon as it will be available and 38.7 % preferring to wait until more patients have been treated. Only 3.6 % of the participants would never consider receiving HGT. The level of awareness and knowledge was estimated to be limited by 39.5 % of the patients. More than 60 % of them declared having never or almost never discussed HGT with the team of their haemophilia centre. Before deciding to get HGT, 54.4 % of the participants considered that it will be very important to compare it with their current treatment and 53.7 % would like to be better informed by their care providers. Conclusions: These results highlight the need for training and education for patients, but also for professionals at haemophilia centres, about HGT and the shared decision‐making process. Objective, unbiased and transparent information must be available for patients about this very promising therapy which nonetheless carries more uncertainty and unknowns compared to other haemophilia treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal profiles of sport motivation using a 3-wave design (beginning, middle, and end of the season) among a sample of 736 adolescent athletes involved in intensive training centers. The authors explored whether several subgroups of athletes representing distinct motivation profiles emerged from the analyses and whether athletes reporting various scores of satisfaction and thwarting of basic psychological needs (BPNS and BPNT) at time 1 (T1) belonged to distinct motivational profiles at T1, T2, and T3. Results of latent profile transition analyses showed 4 different profiles: highly self-determined, self-determined, moderate autonomous and controlled motivation, moderately self-determined (T1 and T2), and high autonomous and controlled motivation (T3) profiles. Moreover, the likelihood of belonging to particular profiles was significantly predicted by athletes' BPNS and BPNT scores assessed at T1. Thus, a motivational profile approach may prove useful in understanding sport motivation as a dynamic system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the FFG‐project PreMainSHM the area of preventive structural health monitoring is raised to a new level of networked systems. This applies not only to the networking of self‐sustaining sensors and their sensor data, but also to the networking and utilization of relevant information for the building condition assessment and building management. The paper presents and discusses the basic considerations in terms of data models and interfaces of cloud‐based systems to guarantee interoperability between different software systems and long‐term‐availability and accessibility not only of raw but also of and relevant meta and analysed data. The starting point for further developments is provided by the existing technologies of the involved partners, which is a GIS based infrastructure asset management system and wireless as well as fibre optic sensor systems from the authors. In order to obtain information relevant to the building management, suitable analysis and prognosis procedures are discussed. Data models and analysis tools are developed and integrated into an interoperable software framework in order to provide relevant status information that can be either assessed directly by web user interfaces in form of a georeferenced digital twin or that can be used in building management systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report on scalable heterointegration of superconducting electrodes and epitaxial semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) on strong piezoelectric and optically nonlinear lithium niobate. The implemented processes combine the sputter-deposited thin film superconductor niobium nitride and III–V compound semiconductor membranes onto the host substrate. The superconducting thin film is employed as a zero-resistivity electrode material for a surface acoustic wave resonator with internal quality factors Q ≈ 17 000 representing a three-fold enhancement compared to identical devices with normal conducting electrodes. Superconducting operation of ≈ 400 M H z resonators is achieved to temperatures T > 7 K and electrical radio frequency powers P r f > + 9 d B m . Heterogeneously integrated single QDs couple to the resonant phononic field of the surface acoustic wave resonator operated in the superconducting regime. Position and frequency selective coupling mediated by deformation potential coupling is validated using time-integrated and time-resolved optical spectroscopy. Furthermore, acoustoelectric charge state control is achieved in a modified device geometry harnessing large piezoelectric fields inside the resonator. The hybrid QD—surface acoustic wave resonator can be scaled to higher operation frequencies and smaller mode volumes for quantum phase modulation and transduction between photons and phonons via the QD. Finally, the employed materials allow for the realization of other types of optoelectronic devices, including superconducting single photon detectors and integrated photonic and phononic circuits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate how machine learning can be easily applied to support the analysis of large quantities of excited hydroxyl (OH *) airglow imager data. We use a TCN (temporal convolutional network) classification algorithm to automatically pre-sort images into the three categories "dynamic" (images where small-scale motions like turbulence are likely to be found), "calm" (clear-sky images with weak airglow variations) and "cloudy" (cloudy images where no airglow analyses can be performed). The proposed approach is demonstrated using image data of FAIM 3 (Fast Airglow IMager), acquired at Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, between 11 June 2019 and 25 February 2020, achieving a mean average precision of 0.82 in image classification. The attached video sequence demonstrates the classification abilities of the learned TCN. Within the dynamic category, we find a subset of 13 episodes of image series showing turbulence. As FAIM 3 exhibits a high spatial (23 m per pixel) and temporal (2.8 s per image) resolution, turbulence parameters can be derived to estimate the energy diffusion rate. Similarly to the results the authors found for another FAIM station (Sedlak et al., 2021), the values of the energy dissipation rate range from 0.03 to 3.18 W kg -1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine the factor structure, the simplex structure, and the self-determination continuum of the Youth Behavioral Regulation in Sport Questionnaire (YBRSQ); to test longitudinal invariance of the YBRSQ and to examine differential item functioning in the YBRSQ responses as a function of sex, type of sport, and competitive level; and to explore the dynamics of change and stability of motivational regulation across the competitive season in a sample of 736 adolescent athletes involved in intensive training settings across 3 measurement points (beginning, middle, and end). Results provided evidence of a simplex structure of YBRSQ scores and revealed differences between self-determination-theory-based measures of motivation in various contexts. Results revealed partial strict temporal invariance of the YBRSQ and did not reveal differential item functioning. Finally, the results demonstrated an increase in amotivation and external regulation and a decrease in intrinsic motivation across the season, probably because of daily pressures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate how machine learning can be easily applied to support the analysis of large amounts of OH* airglow imager data. We use a TCN (temporal convolutional network) classification algorithm to automatically pre-sort images into the three categories "dynamic" (images where small-scale motions like turbulence are likely to be found), "calm" (clear-sky images with weak airglow variations) and "cloudy" (cloudy images where no airglow analyses can be performed). The proposed approach is demonstrated using image data of FAIM 3 (Fast Airglow IMager), acquired at Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany between 11 June 2019 and 25 February 2020, achieving a mean average precision of 0.82 in image classification. The attached video sequence demonstrates the classification abilities of the learned TCN. Within the "dynamic" category, we find a subset of 13 episodes of image series showing turbulence. As FAIM 3 exhibits a high spatial (23 m pixel-1) and temporal (2.8 s per image) resolution, turbulence parameters can be derived to estimate the energy diffusion rate. Similar to the results the authors found for another FAIM station (Sedlak et al., 2021), the values of energy dissipation rate range from 0.03 to 3.18 W kg-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hematologie is the property of John Libbey Eurotext Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Logistic processes of construction sites are transferred into virtual and full 3D environments to increase the interoperability for all project partners. These digital twins are emerging for the construction process of modern building processes and are already designed to be used for the operation of the building afterwards. In structural health monitoring (SHM) the sensor installations are also designed to monitor the structure over its whole lifespan. Therefore, the embedding process and the operation of the sensor systems and the Building Information Modelling (BIM) have overlapping long-term goals. Beside these 3D software advances in civil engineering, the working environments in the field of geodesy still follow more established approaches. In many cases using only 2D CAD plans and on-site visits at the existing structure are best practice for the design of geodetic monitoring installations. This paper describes the improvement of the concept creation of permanent monitoring systems with geodetic total stations in an interactive virtual 3D environment. The simulated instruments are behaving according to their specification data and are linked with a physics engine to automatically detect common problems in a network design like obstructed line of sights, disadvantageous incidence angles at the targets or automatic aiming issues due to multiple targets in the field of view. Furthermore, the Virtual Reality (VR) technology is introduced as a user interface for a virtual 3D planning environment. The functionality of the developed VR application is tested in a real-life use case for the feasibility study of the automatic monitoring of a railway tunnel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural integrity assessment is essential in modern tunneling to ensure safe construction works. State-of-the-art monitoring approaches like displacement readings of geodetic prisms are often limited in the spatial as well as the temporal measurement resolution, which is why potential safety hazards might be overlooked. This paper introduces a large-scale distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) network inside the tunnel lining of a highway tunnel currently under construction in Austria. The tunnel construction site faces challenging geological conditions with loose rock excavation near to the surface with minimal covering. Fiber optic sensing cables were installed along both tunnel tubes to autonomously monitor 13 cross-sections of the primary shotcrete lining, about 220 m of the tunnel in longitudinal direction and 10 cross-sections of the secondary inner lining. Measurements are continuously evaluated and autonomously transferred to the geotechnical engineer on-site for further analysis. While the construction works are ongoing, alerts are additionally sent out automatically, if pre-defined thresholds are exceeded. The paper outcomes demonstrate that the innovative DFOS system immediately responds to structural modifications and, indeed, increases safety at the construction site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Health of people with severe haemophilia (PwSH) improves thanks to the advancements in haemophilia care, giving them more opportunities in occupational integration. However, there is little literature on the occupational integration of PwSH. Objectives: The main objective of our study was to assess the occupational integration of PwSH and to compare it with that of the general population. The secondary objective was to study the association between individual characteristics (sociodemographic, clinical and psycho‐behavioural) and occupational integration of PwSH. Methods: A multicentre, non‐interventional, cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2018–2020 on PwSH, aged over 18 and under 65 years and included in the FranceCoag registry. Measurements included indicators of occupational integration, sociodemographic, clinical and psycho‐behavioural characteristics. The indicators of occupational integration were compared with those of the general population, using indirect standardization. The data of the general population were available from the National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE). Determinants of occupational integration were explored using structural equation modelling. Results: Of 1262 eligible people, 588 were included. PwSH had a lower employment rate than the general population (standardized ratio,.85; 95% CI,.77–.94). There were more PwSH at tertiary education level than expected (standardized ratio, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.17–1.61). HIV infection, poor physical health and mental health concerns were associated with a higher risk of unemployment in PwSH. Conclusion: Employment rate of PwSH is lower than that of the general population despite their higher education level. Target interventions focusing on determinants of difficult occupational integration could be helpful for PwSH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In patients with FXI deficiency, the risk of surgery‐related bleeding is poorly correlated with plasma FXI activity (FXI:C); the latter can therefore not be used as a reliable predictor of bleeding in surgeries. Objectives: The aim of this retrospective study was to determine whether thrombin generation assay (TGA) could be used to evaluate the risk of surgery‐related bleeding in FXI‐deficient patients. TGA parameters were compared to FXI:C values, haemostatic treatments and surgical outcomes. Patients: All patients followed at the haemophilia treatment care centre (Lyon, France) with a FXI:C < 50IU/dL, and for whom a baseline TGA was performed between January 2014 and December 2019, were included. Results: Among the 175 surgeries reported herein in 49 patients, FXI concentrates were used for 11 (6%) surgeries and fresh frozen plasma was used for five (3%) surgeries; these surgeries were performed in patients with two or three impaired TGA parameters. No haemostatic treatment was prescribed for 119 (68%) surgeries. A surgery‐related bleeding occurred in 12 patients during 21 (12%) surgeries. Thrombin generation was significantly reduced or delayed in patients who reported surgery related‐bleeding. Among the 34 (68%) surgeries performed without haemostatic treatment in patients with three impaired TGA parameters, a surgery‐related bleeding was reported in 44% of cases (15 surgeries out of 34). Conclusion: The present study confirmed that TGA is an interesting laboratory test in FXI deficiency, for determining the bleeding risk and guiding the haemostatic management of surgeries, while taking into account the surgical bleeding risk and the history of bleeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The public health policies and sanitary measures taken by governments in various countries to stem the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g. lockdown, social distancing) have major implications for athletes. The radical changes are challenging and risk causing significant career disruption to athletes, with subsequent negative psychological effects. Thus, the ways athletes cope with such adversity is of critical importance. The present study aimed to identify athletes' coping profiles using a person-centred approach, based on their reported use of multiple coping strategies in response to the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak, and to compare levels of anxiety, stress appraisals, interpersonal coping strategies, and availability and appreciation of the major sources of support across profiles. A total of 526 French athletes competing at national to elite levels answered an online questionnaire during the lockdown. Latent profile analysis results yielded four distinct coping profiles (i.e. self-reliant, engaged, avoidant, active and social). The MANOVA showed that athletes belonging to the four profiles differed on anxiety, stress appraisals, social support, and interpersonal coping. In particular, avoidant copers reported high levels of anxiety, threat, and uncontrollability, and appeared less able to regulate responses to the impact of the COVID-19 outbreak. Using a person-centred approach, the findings could inform the development of more adequate care, support, and intervention for athletes, especially avoidant copers, who were characterized by the least effective coping skills and resources. Accordingly, stress reappraisal and stress mindset interventions could be promising approaches to effectively manage pandemic-related impact during and after the COVID-19 crisis. Highlights The COVID-19 outbreak has major implications for athletes and is causing significant disruption to their careers. Using a person-centred approach, four coping profiles emerge showing athletes' preferred use of several coping strategies in response. The four coping profiles (i.e. self-reliant, engaged, avoidant, active and social) differentiate distinct groups of athletes in relation to anxiety, stress appraisals, social support, and interpersonal coping. Avoidant copers were characterized by the least effective coping skills and social context of coping. Management of the COVID-19 situation may be more problematic for them than other in mitigating its negative psychological effects. Using a person-centred approach, the findings could inform the development of more adequate care, support, and intervention for athletes, especially avoidant copers, who were characterized by the least effective coping skills and resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Beton- Und Stahlbetonbau is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this study was to identify young elite athletes' personality profiles using a person-centred approach and to investigate whether the profiles significantly differ in stress and sleep. 260 athletes from a variety of sports completed a questionnaire package to assess neuroticism and conscientiousness traits, stress appraisals (i.e. intensity and directional interpretation of stress, challenge and threat appraisals), and various indicators of sleep (i.e. sleep quality, social jet lag, Ford insomnia response to stress test (FIRST)). A latent profile analysis (LPA) approach was used to identify personality profiles based on the scores of neuroticism and conscientiousness. A multivariate analysis of variance was performed to examine if the athletes belonging to different personality profiles differ on stress appraisals and indicators of sleep. Three profiles emerged: Maladaptive profile (high levels of conscientiousness and neuroticism); Highly adaptive profile (moderate level of conscientiousness and low level of neuroticism); Adaptive profile (high level of conscientiousness and moderate level of neuroticism). Results showed that athletes from the adaptive profile reported significantly lower scores of stress intensity and threat appraisal than those from other profiles. Athletes from the maladaptive profile reported significantly higher levels of FIRST than those from other profiles as well as worse sleep quality and lower levels of challenge appraisal than the athletes from the highly adaptive profile. These results suggest that investigating personality profile may be useful in identifying athletes at higher risk of stress sensitivity and worsening sleep that are likely to benefit from preventive actions (e.g. cognitive behavioural therapy interventions). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Further studies are needed to complete biological assessments of all patients, and a prospective study, particularly on patient evolution with prophylactic treatment, could be of interest. All the patients in our study presented their first joint bleed during childhood, even though spontaneous joint bleeds are unusual in mHB patients.2 In addition, some significant BE may have been underestimated. Four patients had arthrodesis/plasty, from 1 to 4 joint surgeries/patient, and the median age at first arthrodesis/plasty (total joint replacement, hip, knee, elbow) was 37 years (range 25-52 years). This is a retrospective cohort with patients from different French centre with clinical and biological data relying on patient treatment diaries and medical records. [Extracted from the article]

In times of steadily increasing traffic loads and extreme weather phenomena, the safe maintenance of infrastructure poses a difficult challenge to operators, especially when a vast number of aged structures exists and fundamental data is missing. This paper addresses the demand for cost‐efficient deformation monitoring of anchored retaining structures along public roads. The principal idea is to process laser scans of a motor‐vehicle‐based mobile mapping system with a high degree of automation. Starting with scene interpretation, our processing pipeline extracts the retaining wall from the rest of the point cloud, segments the anchored elements, and computes their deformations. This method requires, however, correcting for positioning errors to obtain accurate results. We exploit the high data redundancy of road patches and line markings for alignment. Due to the high degree of automation, computations scale to large numbers of point clouds and run in a repeatable manner. Even when traveling along highways with up to 100 km/h, we achieve repeatable accuracies for tilting and lateral displacements that compare to traditional, labor‐intense surveying methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Lightening the injection burden is commonly believed to improve prophylaxis adherence. Efmoroctocog alfa (rFVIIIFc) is the first recombinant FVIII‐Fc fusion protein available in France. This clotting factor with an extended half‐life could thus improve medication adherence. Aim: The study primarily aimed to assess the real‐life impact on prophylaxis adherence of haemophilia A patients, when switching from a standard to an extended half‐life FVIII. Methods: This study was an observational, monocentre, non‐interventional study aiming at assessing haemophilia A patients' real‐life adherence during the first‐year post‐rFVIIIFc prophylaxis initiation. Medication adherence was assessed using two methods: the medication possession ratio (MPR), which is based on the hospital pharmacy dispensing data, and self‐reported VERITAS‐Pro® questionnaire. Patients on rFVIIIFc prophylaxis for at least 12 months, following a 12‐month standard FVIII prophylaxis, were eligible for inclusion. Results: In 2019, 47 male patients were undergoing rFVIIIFc prophylaxis in our Hemophilia Center, among which 36 meeting the inclusion criteria. Switching from standard to extended half‐life FVIII prophylaxis resulted in increased mean dosing, while the mean number of weekly prophylactic injections (2.6 ± 0.5 vs 1.8 ± 0.3) decreased. Following rFVIIIFc initiation, a non‐significant increase in median MPR occurred and the self‐reported VERITAS‐Pro® questionnaire demonstrated improved adherence to rFVIIIFc prophylaxis. Comparing adherent and non‐adherent patients revealed age as the only factor likely to impact adherence (p =.07). Conclusion: Our patient cohort exhibited high adherence levels before and after FVIII switching, based on MPR and VERITAS‐Pro® questionnaire. The latter is likely a useful tool to quantity prophylaxis adherence from a patient's perspective in daily use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GPS and more recently multi-GNSS carrier phase measurements have been used to measure the dynamic displacements of large structures, such as long-span bridges, in both the time and frequency domains. Such measurements can be used as part of a structural health monitoring system. Additionally, fibre optic-based systems have been used to measure long-term deformations of structures, such as tunnels and roads. The research presented in this paper brings together the ideas and technologies in the two aforementioned areas of research, resulting in dynamic displacement measurements of the hull of a ship at high frequencies, and indoor environments. Field trials using kinematic GPS and FBG sensors on the 138-m long Smyril passenger and vehicle ferry operating in the North Atlantic Ocean on the Faroe Islands are presented. FBG sensors were in the bow and engine room of the ship, gathering data at 1 kHz. The configuration of the surveys and the results from the FBG and GPS sensors are presented, in both the time and frequency domains. Various frequencies were measured, due to the movements of the ship in the ocean as well as the vibrations caused through the ship mainly due to the engine. One dominant frequency was of 12.25 Hz, measured at all the FBG locations, due to the engines' operating speed of 735 RPM. Common frequencies were evident for both the FBG and GPS results for lower frequency displacement, caused by the movements in the sea. Such measurements could be used to monitor the long-term displacement characteristics and changes, in both the time and frequency domains, and used to help understand the health characteristics of the ship. Further, such measurements could be used to analyse the noise characteristics of the ship for both operational and environmental reasons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Newborn infants with respiratory difficulties frequently require nasal respiratory support such as nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) or high-flow nasal cannulae (HFNC). Oral feeding of these infants under nasal respiratory support remains controversial out of fear of aspiration and cardiorespiratory events. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the safety of oral feeding under different types of nasal respiratory support in newborn lambs without or with tachypnea. Eight lambs aged 4-5 days were instrumented to record sucking, swallowing, respiration, ECG, oxygen saturation, and arterial blood gases. Each lamb was given two bottles of 30 mL of milk with a pause of 30 s under videofluoroscopy in four conditions [no respiratory support, nCPAP 6 cmH2O, HFNC 7 L/min, HFNCCPAP (= HFNC 7 L/min þ CPAP 6 cmH2O)] administered in random order. The study was conducted in random order over 2 days, with or without standardized tachypnea induced by thoracic compression with a blood pressure cuff. Generalized linear mixed models were used to compare the four nasal respiratory supports in terms of safety (cardiorespiratory events and aspiration), sucking-swallowing-breathing coordination, and efficacy of oral feeding. Results reveal that no nasal respiratory support impaired the safety of oral feeding. Most of the few laryngeal penetrations we observed occurred with HFNCCPAP. Nasal CPAP modified sucking-swallowing-breathing coordination, whereas the efficiency of oral feeding decreased under HFNCCPAP. Results were similar with or without tachypnea. In conclusion, oral feeding under nasal respiratory support is generally safe in a term lamb, even with tachypnea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Deformation monitoring and structural reliability assessment are key components in modern conventional tunneling. The state-of-the-art monitoring design is usually based on displacement measurements of geodetic targets using total stations paired with pointwise geotechnical sensors inside the tunnel lining. In recent years, distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) has become more popular in tunneling applications. DFOS measurements basically deliver internal strain and temperature distributions, but no direct relation to the tunnel shape's behavior. This paper introduces a novel sensing and evaluation concept, which combines DFOS strain measurements and geodetic displacement readings for distributed shape assessment along curved structures, such as tunnel cross-sections. The designed system was implemented into shotcrete tunnel cross-sections as well as shaft linings and enables the determination of displacement profiles with high spatial resolution in the range of centimeters. Evaluations of continuous monitoring campaigns over several weeks as well as epoch-wise measurements performed by different DFOS sensing units in combination with stochastic analysis demonstrate the high potential of the developed approach and its capability to extend traditional monitoring methods in tunneling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geomechanik und Tunnelbau is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Geomechanik und Tunnelbau is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Predictive maintenance and safety assessment during the construction and operational phase are becoming more and more important in modern tunnelling. However, traditional measurement methods are often time-consuming, expensive and partially require an interruption of the tunnel traffic. In this article, we present a tunnel monitoring approach based on distributed fibre optic sensing (DFOS), which delivers hundreds of strain and temperature sensing points inside the structure and gives completely new information about the behaviour of the tunnel lining. Measurements can be performed automatically without the need of access to the tunnel and hence, monitoring can be made without disturbing the tunnel construction or operation. The developed system was installed within the shotcrete tunnel lining of a railway tunnel under construction in Austria. In addition to the critical installation process, this article discusses the main monitoring results and compares them to conventional measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary 1‐Dopyl‐1,2‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)ethene has been converted to phosphorus diesters, 1‐dopyl‐1,2‐(4‐diphenylphosphatophenyl)ethene (BDE‐DPP), and 1‐dopyl‐1,2‐(4‐dopyloxyphenyl)ethene (BDE‐DOPO) which have been fully characterized using spectroscopic and thermal methods and assessed as flame retardants in DGEBA epoxy (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A). Both are effective flame retardants. The ester containing diphenylphosphato groups (BDE‐DPP) acts primarily in the condensed phase while that containing only dopyl units acts predominately in the gas phase. DGEBA epoxy containing sufficient 1‐dopyl‐1,2‐(4‐dopyloxyphenyl)ethene to provide 2% phosphorus displays a limiting oxygen index of 28, a peak heat release rate of 506 W/g, and a total heat release of 24 kJ/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bovine babesiosis, caused by Babesia divergens, is in general a rare disease in Europe. Nonetheless, local outbreaks can cause severe economic damage, and postmortem identification represents a diagnostic challenge. During a recent outbreak in May 2018 in northern Germany, 21 animals of a herd of 150 cattle died within 40 days having had clinical signs of fever and hemoglobinuria. Gross examination of 4 of the 21 deceased animals revealed a tick infestation, jaundice, and dark brown staining of urine and kidneys. Histologically, there were iron-positive deposits, hyperplasia of the red pulp of the spleen, and centrilobular necrosis of hepatocytes. In several locations, small basophilic granules suggestive of intraerythrocytic parasites were visible in hematoxylin-eosin- and Giemsa-stained sections. Peripheral blood smears from a living cow from the herd and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of feeding ticks revealed B. divergens infection. In situ hybridization (ISH) was applied on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue of the necropsied cattle to confirm babesiosis in these animals postmortem. Digoxigenin-labeled DNA probes were generated based on a specific nucleotide sequence for B. divergens, obtained by PCR and sequencing of DNA isolates from infected Ixodes ricinus ticks from deceased cattle. ISH using these probes allowed postmortem diagnosis of B. divergens infection in routinely fixed FFPE tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To the Editor, Severe haemophilia A, defined by Factor VIII activity levels < 1 IU/dL, requires prophylactic supplementation. All 63 remaining patients received prophylaxis, either when they started walking or after the first bleeding episode, at a median age of 18 months (IQR, 13-27), respectively, 13.5 months for patients with inhibitors (IQR, 10.3-18.8) vs. 24 months for those without (IQR, 14.5-30). Influence of the type of factor VIII concentrate on the incidence of factor VIII inhibitors in previously untreated patients with severe hemophilia A. Blood. Type and intensity of FVIII exposure on inhibitor development in PUPs with haemophilia A. A patient-level meta-analysis. [Extracted from the article]

Efficient and economic foundations are essential to ensure the long-term integrity of structures. Driven ductile piles offer a safe and quick solution for foundations, which can be individually customized to changing soil conditions. Geotechnical load tests on a small subset of piles can be performed at large construction sites to examine the bearing capacity for optimization purposes. Arising deformations during these statical tests are usually measured using electrical sensors at the top, which, however, do not deliver information about the stress distribution along the pile. This paper presents a fiber optic monitoring approach, which provides distributed strain profiles with a spatial resolution of up to 10 mm along driven ductile piles. The high measurement resolution of about 1 μ m / m enables the detection of local effects in the load transfer from the pile to the surrounding grout and soil. The critical sensor installation on-site as well as results of various field applications with pile lengths of up to 25 m are presented. Verification measurements at the pile's head and internal measurements of strain gauges prove the suitability of the developed monitoring approach and demonstrate the high potential of distributed fiber optic sensing for applications in soil mechanics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: With current molecular diagnosis, about 1 to 5% of haemophilia A (HA) patients remain genetically unresolved. In these cases, deep intronic variation or structural variation disrupting the F8 gene could be causal. Aim: To identify the causal variation in four genetically unresolved mild‐to‐severe HA patients using an F8 mRNA analysis approach. Methods: Ectopic F8 mRNA analysis was performed in four unrelated HA patients. An in vitro minigene assay was performed in order to confirm the deleterious splicing impact of each variation identified. Results: In all probands, mRNA analysis revealed an aberrant splicing pattern, and sequencing of the corresponding intronic region found a deep intronic substitution. Two of these were new variations: c.2113+601G>A and c.1443+602A>G, while the c.143+1567A>G, found in two patients, has previously been reported. The c.1443+602A>G and the c.143+1567A>G variants both led to the creation of a de novo acceptor or donor splice site, respectively. Moreover, the c.143+1567A>G was found in 3/6 patients with genetically unresolved moderate HA registered in our laboratory. Haplotype analysis performed in all patients carrying the c.143+1567A>G variation suggests that this variation could be a recurrent variation. The c.2113+601G>A led to the exonization of a 122‐bp antisense AluY element by increasing the strength of a pre‐existing cryptic 5' splice site. For each point variation, in vitro splicing analysis confirmed its deleterious impact on splicing of the F8 transcript. Conclusion: We identified three deep intronic variations, leading to an aberrant mRNA splicing process as HA causing variation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The papers in this special section is to broadly engage the machine learning and multimedia communities on the emerging yet challenging interpretable machine learning. Multimedia is increasingly becoming the "biggest big data," among the most important and valuable source for insight and information. Many powerful machine learning algorithms, especially deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs), have recently achieved outstanding predictive performance in a wide range of multimedia applications, including visual object classification, scene understanding, speech recognition, and activity prediction. Nevertheless, most deep learning algorithms are generally conceived as blackbox methods, and it is difficult to intuitively and quantitatively understand the results of their prediction and inference. Since this lack of interpretability is a major bottleneck in designing more successful predictive models and exploring wider-range useful applications, there has been an explosion of interest in interpreting the representations learned by these models, with profound implications for research into interpretable machine learning in the multimedia community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dysphagia is a dysfunction of the swallowing act and is highly prevalent in acute post-stroke patients and patients with chronic neurological diseases. Dysphagia is associated with several potentially life threatening complications. Thus, an early identification and treatment could reduce morbidity and mortality rates. Objectives: The aim of the study was to develop a multivariable model predicting the individual risk of dysphagia in hospitalized patients. Methods: We trained different machine learning algorithms on the electronic health records of over 33,000 patients. Results: The tree-based Random Forest Classifier and Adaboost Classifier algorithms achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.94. Conclusion: The developed models outperformed previously published models predicting dysphagia. In future, an implementation in the clinical workflow is needed to determine the clinical benefit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: For patients with severe haemophilia A, guidelines recommend prophylactic treatment with FVIII, with dose calculations targeting a predetermined FVIII trough level. However, this pharmacokinetic (PK) approach is suboptimal, with some patients experiencing breakthrough bleeds. We aimed to improve FVIII dosing by incorporating the thrombin generation assay, a global haemostasis assay whose main pharmacodynamic (PD) parameter, endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), predicts spontaneous bleeding risk. Methods: We performed post hoc combined PK‐PD modelling using data from 66 adults who received human‐cl rhFVIII (Nuwiq®, Octapharma AG) in a phase IIIb study. Time‐to‐event analyses simulated the probability of spontaneous bleeding for different FVIII exposures and baseline ETPs. Results: Ninety‐one spontaneous bleeds occurred in 20/66 patients. The relationship between FVIII:C and ETP was non‐linear, and the sigmoid Emax model adequately described the data. Individual PK‐PD Bayesian estimation significantly improved predictive performance. Simulations showed that the mean spontaneous annual bleeding rate decreased with increasing baseline ETP or dosing: with ETP values of 200, 400 and 600 (nmol/L)·min annual bleeding rates were 2.36, 1.25 and 0.66, respectively, on 40 IU/kg human‐cl rhFVIII every 3 days; and annual bleeding rates were 2.09, 1.10, and 0.60, respectively, on 60 IU/kg every 3 days. Conclusion: Prophylactic FVIII dosing is more clinically meaningful when incorporating ETP alongside FVIII level. For the first time, FVIII dosing can be personalized with the aim of eliminating spontaneous breakthrough bleeds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]