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Personalized travel itinerary recommendation algorithms are the focus of research in smart tourism and tourism GIS. Aiming to address issues present in travel itinerary recommendations for the increasingly popular "self-drive tour" mode, this study proposes an algorithm based on comprehensive tourist satisfaction to mitigate problems such as the neglect of important relevant factors and low degree of personalization. First, we construct a model of tourist satisfaction for travel itineraries by comprehensively considering factors including time utilization, the attractiveness of attractions, itinerary feasibility, and the diversity of attraction types. Unlike previous studies, we consider dining and accommodation time during the itinerary, the physical condition of tourists, and the diversity of attraction types, and establish penalty functions to flexibly constrain deviations from the expected conditions in itinerary planning. Then, with the optimization of comprehensive tourist satisfaction as the objective, we design a new algorithm to address the itinerary recommendation problem, supporting tourists in selecting must-visit attractions, restaurants, and hotels, as well as personalized preferences such as the sightseeing sequence. The experimental results demonstrate that our proposed algorithm outperforms two baseline algorithms, providing higher comprehensive tourist satisfaction while also exhibiting greater feasibility in itinerary planning. The proposed algorithm effectively addresses the issue of personalized travel itinerary recommendation, presenting an efficient, feasible, and practical solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growing interest in providing internet access and cellular connectivity in the commercial aircraft, the compatibility between Air-to-Air (A2A) communications and current Air-to-Ground (A2G) macro-cellular communications is necessary to form an Aeronautical Ad hoc Network (AANet). Due to the typical features of airborne communications, such as high mobility, long transmission range and three-dimensional macro-cells, AANet is affected by intermittent links, which results in variant delayed data transmissions. To this end, we exploit a dynamic graph approach to model such an AANet with rapidly changing topology under a realistic airborne scenario. Targeting the problem of intermittent transmissions, by employing A2A, an AANet can bear three transmission modes: direct transmission, connected relay transmission and opportunistic transmission. To investigate the potential gain of A2A transmissions in terms of the end-to-end data flow transmission delay and the data traffic amount, we formulate an integer non-linear programming problem that minimizes the average end-to-end delay from Internet Gateways (IGWs) on shore to the aircraft receivers through multiple options of the transmission modes. Through solving this minimization problem based on the realistic dynamic graph model, the tradeoffs between the end-to-end transmission delay and other key network factors related to AANet formation and resource allocation can be obtained without much compromise on the transmission delay. The results show that the average end-to-end delay of the AANet is comparable to the direct transmission delay when having a tradeoff with the data traffic amount, buffer size and the spectrum sharing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the effects of foreign official purchases of U.S. treasuries on mortgage rates from January 1985 to June 2007 using a proxy structural vector autoregression (SVAR) model, where shocks to foreign official inflows to treasuries are identified by their correlation with foreign exchange interventions. Although mortgage rates significantly decrease in response to positive shocks to foreign official purchases of U.S. treasuries, these shocks only explain a small fraction of the variation in the U.S. mortgage rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the purpose of improving indoor comfort and achieving building energy conservation, significant efforts have been made to improve the performance of window systems. Smart windows have been increasingly considered as an efficient technology with adjustable control of their thermal and/or optical properties in response to instant changes of the environment. This paper explores the potential of using a durable Mg-Y based switchable mirror gasochromic (GC) material for building window applications. The selected Mg-Y based GC window provides a degree of flexibility to reflect the undesirable incident solar radiation rather than the other types of GC windows, which absorb the solar heat that might eventually go into the indoor space through convective, conductive and radiative heat transfer. Building simulations were carried out for a typical office with Mg-Y GC window applied using EnergyPlus. The characterization of the selected gasochromic smart window and its impact on building performance was comprehensively studied under 5 diverse climates in China. In addition, various control strategies in response to different environmental conditions or indoor comfort criteria are also considered. The results indicated that Mg-Y based films with excessively low transmittance at the reflective state are not beneficial from the perspective of building energy conservation, while potentially developed Mg-Y windows with relative higher transmittance and larger transmittance modulation can yield energy conservation of up to 27% when compared with standard double glazing. Overall, the work presented in this paper may be seen as offering potential advice and guidance on further development of switchable mirror GC material that seek to be applied into building windows for amplifying improvements in energy efficiency and occupant comfort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With respect to deep narrow groove structures with high length-width ratio and high depth-width ratio (particularly when the ratio is greater than 10), the cathode rigidity and flow-field stability deteriorate during the electrochemical machining (ECM) process. To improve the machining efficiency and process stability of deep narrow grooves with high length-width ratio, a hollow slice cathode with stiffeners was designed and optimized to meet the rigid requirements using the method of one-way fluid-solid coupling finite element analysis. Additionally, the effects of cathode stiffener size, stiffener distribution, and cathode vibrating feed mode on the flow field in the machining gap were investigated using the flow-field simulation analysis method. The simulation results indicate that cavitation and electrolyte starvation in the machining gap are avoided with a reasonable stiffener design, and the renewal of electrolyte in the machining gap is improved with a reasonable vibration motion. Contrast experiments were performed based on the simulation results. The experimental results verified that the optimal design of stiffeners and the reasonable cathode vibration improve the stability of the flow field. Moreover, process stability and machining efficiency of ECM of deep narrow grooves with high length-width ratio improve with the adoption of the optimal vibrating feed parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article uses a structural VAR model to investigate the sources of real exchange rate fluctuations in China over the period 1995Q1–2015Q4, taking into account five different types of macroeconomic shocks including technology, government spending, monetary policy, foreign demand, and risk premium shocks. These shocks are identified using sign restrictions derived from predictions of an open economy general equilibrium model calibrated to China’s economy. We find that foreign demand shocks are the most important driving force of China’s real exchange rate, which explains approximately 20% to 40% of the variance in 20 quarters. It is in line with the findings in the literature which show real demand shocks are the key contributor to fluctuations in the real exchange rate. Nominal shocks such as monetary policy shocks and risk premium shocks play relatively important roles at the short-term horizons, but their effects decay rapidly. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The Acknowledgement statement of the original article was published with missing sponsors information. The updated statement is shown below: [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]