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The femoral neck fracture is actually the most important traumatic event in the elderly, because of its high rate and terrible complications. We reviwed clinical records of 314 patients treated in our institution with a bipolar implant for femoral neck fracture. At a mean follow-up of 5 years, 15 patients (4.8%) were lost to followup so data for 299 patients was studied to identity factors associated with mortality. Ten predictor variables were examined: age, sex, waiting time for surgery, pulmonary dysfunction, fracture etiology, and comorbidity with ischemic heart disease, and heart failure, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, and chronic renal failure. Cumulative mortality rate during the first 6 months was 19% (55 of 299 patients) and in the first year it was 25% (76 of 299). At logistic regression analysis, mortality was associated with age, male gender, waiting period for surgery and presence of neoplastic disease or pathological fracture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]