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A simple, sensitive, rapid, accurate, precise and economical Q-absorbance ratio method has been developed for the simultaneous estimation of eperisone hydrochloride and aceclofenac in combined dosage form. The solvent used was methanol:water (70:30 v/v). The iso-absorptive point was found to be 269.5 nm. Calibration curves were linear over a concentration range of 6-21 µg/ml for eperisone hydrochloride and 8-28 µg/mL for aceclofenac, respectively. The developed method was validated as per International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines for various parameters such as linearity, precision, accuracy, limit of detection and limit of quantitation. Accuracy of method was determined through recovery studies which were found to be 99.0% - 100.89 % for eperisone hydrochloride and 98.67% - 100.44 % for aceclofenac. Method was found to be reproducible with relative standard deviation (RSD) for intra-and inter-day precision less than 2% over the concentration range. The proposed method can be used for routine analysis of eperisone hydrochloride and aceclofenac in bulk and tablet dosage form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Exercise training promotes muscle adaptation and remodelling by balancing the processes of anabolism and catabolism; however, the mechanisms by which exercise delays accelerated muscle wasting are not fully understood. Intramuscular extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are essential to tissue structure and function, as they create a responsive environment for the survival and repair of the muscle fibres. However, their role in muscle adaptation is underappreciated and underinvestigated. The PubMed, COCHRANE, Scopus and CIHNAL databases were systematically searched from inception until February 2021. The inclusion criteria were on ECM adaptation after exercise training in healthy adult population. Evidence from 21 studies on 402 participants demonstrates that exercise training induces muscle remodelling, and this is accompanied by ECM adaptation. All types of exercise interventions promoted a widespread increase in collagens, glycoproteins and proteoglycans ECM transcriptomes in younger and older participants. The ECM controlling mechanisms highlighted here were concerned with myogenic and angiogenic processes during muscle adaptation and remodelling. Further research identifying the mechanisms underlying the link between ECMs and muscle adaptation will support the discovery of novel therapeutic targets and the development of personalised exercise training medicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cerebellum plays a crucial role in sensorimotor and associative learning. However, the contribution of molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) to these processes is not well understood. We used two-photon microscopy to study the role of ensembles of cerebellar MLIs in a go-no go task where mice obtain a sugar water reward if they lick a spout in the presence of the rewarded odorant and avoid a timeout when they refrain from licking for the unrewarded odorant. In naive animals the MLI responses did not differ between the odorants. With learning, the rewarded odorant elicited a large increase in MLI calcium responses, and the identity of the odorant could be decoded from the differential response. Importantly, MLIs switched odorant responses when the valence of the stimuli was reversed. Finally, mice took a longer time to refrain from licking in the presence of the unrewarded odorant and had difficulty becoming proficient when MLIs were inhibited by chemogenetic intervention. Our findings support a role for MLIs in learning valence in the cerebellum. This study shows that cerebellar molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) develop responses encoding for identity of the stimulus in an associative learning task. Chemogenetic inhibition of MLIs decreased the ability of mice to discriminate stimuli suggesting that MLIs encode for stimulus valence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the article "Reduction of soluble guanylyl cyclase expression in asthma," by Andreas Papapetropoulos, Davina de C. C. Simoes, Georgia Xanthou, Charis Roussos and Christina Gratziou is presented.