102 results on '"Manfredini, Stefano"'
Search Results
2. 2G-lactic acid from olive oil supply chain waste: olive leaves upcycling via Lactobacillus casei fermentation.
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Gugel, Irene, Marchetti, Filippo, Costa, Stefania, Gugel, Ilenia, Baldini, Erika, Vertuani, Silvia, and Manfredini, Stefano
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LACTIC acid ,OLIVE leaves ,LACTOBACILLUS casei ,OLIVE oil ,OLIVE oil industry ,CIRCULAR economy - Abstract
The transition towards a sustainable model, particularly the circular economy, emphasizes the importance of redefining waste as a valuable resource, paving the way for innovative upcycling strategies. The olive oil industry, with its significant output of agricultural waste, offers a promising avenue for high-value biomass conversion into useful products through microbial processes. This study focuses on exploring new, high-value applications for olive leaves waste, utilizing a biotechnological approach with Lactobacillus casei for the production of second-generation lactic acid. Contrary to initial expectations, the inherent high polyphenol content and low fermentable glucose levels in olive leaves posed challenges for fermentation. Addressing this, an enzymatic hydrolysis step, following a preliminary extraction process, was implemented to increase glucose availability. Subsequent small-scale fermentation tests were conducted with and without nutrient supplements, identifying the medium that yielded the highest lactic acid production for scale-up. The scaled-up batch fermentation process achieved an enhanced conversion rate (83.58%) and specific productivity (0.26 g/L·h). This research confirms the feasibility of repurposing olive waste leaves for the production of lactic acid, contributing to the advancement of a greener economy through the valorization of agricultural waste. Key points: • Olive leaves slurry as it did not allow L. casei to ferment. • High concentrations of polyphenols inhibit fermentation of L. casei. • Enzymatic hydrolysis combined to organosolv extraction is the best pretreatment for lactic acid production starting from leaves and olive pruning waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Fed-Batch Bioreactor Cultivation of Bacillus subtilis Using Vegetable Juice as an Alternative Carbon Source for Lipopeptides Production: A Shift towards a Circular Bioeconomy.
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Gugel, Irene, Vahidinasab, Maliheh, Benatto Perino, Elvio Henrique, Hiller, Eric, Marchetti, Filippo, Costa, Stefania, Pfannstiel, Jens, Konnerth, Philipp, Vertuani, Silvia, Manfredini, Stefano, and Hausmann, Rudolf
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VEGETABLE juices ,SUSTAINABLE development ,BACILLUS subtilis ,AGRICULTURAL wastes ,FOOD waste ,SHIFTING cultivation - Abstract
In a scenario of increasing alarm about food waste due to rapid urbanization, population growth and lifestyle changes, this study aims to explore the valorization of waste from the retail sector as potential substrates for the biotechnological production of biosurfactants. With a perspective of increasingly contributing to the realization of the circular bioeconomy, a vegetable juice, derived from unsold fruits and vegetables, as a carbon source was used to produce lipopeptides such as surfactin and fengycin. The results from the shake flask cultivations revealed that different concentrations of vegetable juice could effectively serve as carbon sources and that the fed-batch bioreactor cultivation strategy allowed the yields of lipopeptides to be significantly increased. In particular, the product/substrate yield of 0.09 g/g for surfactin and 0.85 mg/g for fengycin was obtained with maximum concentrations of 2.77 g/L and 27.53 mg/L after 16 h, respectively. To conclude, this study provides the successful fed-batch cultivation of B. subtilis using waste product as the carbon source to produce secondary metabolites. Therefore, the consumption of agricultural product wastes might be a promising source for producing valuable metabolites which have promising application potential to be used in several fields of biological controls of fungal diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. A case of severe benzalkonium chloride intoxication in a cat.
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Rubini, Silva, Rubini, Roberto, Bertocchi, Silvia, Zordan, Silvia, Magri, Alice, Barsi, Filippo, Sampieri, Maria, Locatelli, Carlo Alessandro, Baldini, Erika, Manfredini, Stefano, and Vertuani, Silvia
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CATS ,BENZALKONIUM chloride ,CONSCIOUSNESS raising ,DOGS ,MOUTH ulcers ,QUATERNARY ammonium compounds ,CHEMICAL burns ,HOUSEKEEPING ,KITTENS - Abstract
Background: Benzalkonium chloride (BAC) is a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), that can be found in a wide variety of household products–from disinfectants to medicaments and home fragrances–but also professional products. In pets, cats have long been reported as more sensitive than dogs to QACs; in fact, signs of irritation such as oral ulcerations, stomatitis and pharyngitis can be observed after contact with concentrations of 2% or lower. In a review of 245 cases of BAC exposure in cats, reported by the Veterinary Poisons Information Service (United Kingdom) only 1.2% of the cases died or were euthanized. Nevertheless, BAC toxidromes in cats can result in transitory CNS and respiratory distress, as well as severe mucosal and cutaneous lesions. Currently, only a few reports are available concerning BAC poisoning in this species. Case presentation: A 4 month-old kitten presented with severe glossitis, lameness in the hindlimbs and episodes of vomiting and diarrhoea. The cause was unknown until the owners reported use of a BAC-containing mould remover (5%) 4 days later. The patient developed severe oral burns requiring a pharyngeal tube for feeding and severe cutaneous chemical burns. The kitten was managed with supportive therapy and required hospitalization for 10 days. The symptoms disappeared completely 3 weeks after exposure. Conclusions: BAC is a very common compound contained in several household and professional products but, to the best of our knowledge, no previous case had been reported in Italy. We hope that this report will help raise awareness on the hazards of BAC products for cats in both domestic and work contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. First Report of Pinnatoxin-G (PnTX-G) in a Marine–Coastal Area of the Adriatic Sea Associated with the Presence of the Dinoflagellate Vulcanodinium rugosum.
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Cangini, Monica, Dall'Ara, Sonia, Rubini, Silva, Bertasi, Barbara, Rizzi, Paolo, Dell'Orfano, Giovanni, Milandri, Stefania, Manfredini, Stefano, Baldini, Erika, and Vertuani, Silvia
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This study reports the first detection of the marine neurotoxin pinnatoxin-G (PnTX-G) in clams collected in the northwestern Adriatic Sea (Italy). It also represents the first report of the potential toxin-producing dinoflagellate, Vulcanodinium rugosum, in Italian seas. This result, from the coasts of the Emilia-Romagna Region, indicates a successful colonization process, reflecting conditions in France where V. rugosum was initially documented. In this case, the concentration of PnTXs was very low, making further sampling necessary to fully understand the extent of the phenomenon. Discussions on the need to obtain more data to support a proper risk assessment and the need to implement a monitoring program that includes emerging marine biotoxins are also included. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Mycoremediation of Synthetic Azo Dyes by White-Rot Fungi Grown on Diary Waste: A Step toward Sustainable and Circular Bioeconomy.
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Gugel, Irene, Summa, Daniela, Costa, Stefania, Manfredini, Stefano, Vertuani, Silvia, Marchetti, Filippo, and Tamburini, Elena
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FUNGAL remediation ,SUSTAINABLE development ,MANGANESE peroxidase ,AZO dyes ,DAIRY waste ,ENDOCRINE disruptors ,LIGNIN structure ,COLOR removal (Sewage purification) - Abstract
This study assesses the efficacy of three white-rot fungi—Bjerkandera adusta, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, and Trametes versicolor—in degrading synthetic dyes and lignin in pulp and paper mill effluents, which annually contribute around 40,000 million cubic meters of dyed waste. Exploiting the structural resemblance of dyes to lignin, the fungi utilize ligninolytic enzymes—lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and laccase—to break down the pollutants. Initial mycoremediation trials in synthetic dye solutions with Direct black 80, Direct yellow 11, Basic brown 1, Orange II, and Red 8 BLP achieved decolorization rates of 70–80% within 7 days, except for Red 8 BLP. Both soluble and insoluble lignin fractions were significantly reduced, with an overall removal rate of 80–90%. Contrary to prior beliefs about the recalcitrance of azo dyes, B. adusta demonstrated substantial biodegradation capabilities, even on non-lignocellulosic substrates, such as dairy waste. The decolorization efficacy varied with dye structure, suggesting that efficiency should not be judged solely on color reduction. Remarkably, B. adusta also effectively decolorized and removed lignin from actual mill effluents without pH alteration, indicating a viable low-cost bioremediation strategy. This invites further investigation into optimizing B. adusta for industrial wastewater biodecolorization, especially in the field of PAHs (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) and EDCs (Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Ethosomes for Curcumin and Piperine Cutaneous Delivery to Prevent Environmental-Stressor-Induced Skin Damage.
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Ferrara, Francesca, Bondi, Agnese, Pula, Walter, Contado, Catia, Baldisserotto, Anna, Manfredini, Stefano, Boldrini, Paola, Sguizzato, Maddalena, Montesi, Leda, Benedusi, Mascia, Valacchi, Giuseppe, and Esposito, Elisabetta
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DIESEL motor exhaust gas ,LIGHT beating spectroscopy ,CURCUMIN ,HIGH performance liquid chromatography ,DIESEL particulate filters ,PARTICULATE matter - Abstract
Diesel particulate matter is one of the most dangerous environmental stressors affecting human health. Many plant-derived compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties have been proposed to protect the skin from pollution damage. Curcumin (CUR) has a plethora of pharmacological activities, including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. However, it has low bioavailability due to its difficult absorption and rapid metabolism and elimination. CUR encapsulation in nanotechnological systems and its combination with biopotentiators such as piperine (PIP) can improve its pharmacokinetics, stability and activity. In this study, ethosomes (ETs) were investigated for CUR and PIP delivery to protect the skin from damage induced by diesel particulate matter. ETs were produced by different strategies and characterized for their size distribution by photon correlation spectroscopy, for their morphology by transmission electron microscopy, and for their drug encapsulation efficiency by high-performance liquid chromatography. Franz cells enabled us to evaluate in vitro the drug diffusion from ETs. The results highlighted that ETs can promote the skin permeation of curcumin. The studies carried out on their antioxidant activity demonstrated an increase in the antioxidant power of CUR using a combination of CUR and PIP separately loaded in ETs, suggesting their possible application for the prevention of skin damage due to exogenous stressors. Ex vivo studies on human skin explants have shown the suitability of drug-loaded ETs to prevent the structural damage to the skin induced by diesel engine exhaust exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Design, synthesis, and biological investigation of selective human carbonic anhydrase II, IX, and XII inhibitors using 7-aryl/heteroaryl triazolopyrimidines bearing a sulfanilamide scaffold.
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Romagnoli, Romeo, De Ventura, Tiziano, Manfredini, Stefano, Baldini, Erika, Supuran, Claudiu T., Nocentini, Alessio, Brancale, Andrea, Bortolozzi, Roberta, Manfreda, Lorenzo, and Viola, Giampietro
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CARBONIC anhydrase ,SULFANILAMIDES ,CARBONIC anhydrase inhibitors - Abstract
A novel library of human carbonic anhydrase (hCA) inhibitors based on the 2-sulfanilamido[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine skeleton modified at its 7-position was prepared by an efficient convergent procedure. These derivatives were evaluated in vitro for their inhibition properties against a representative panel of hCA isoforms (hCA I, II, IV, IX, and XII). The target tumour-associated isoforms hCA IX and XII were potently inhibited with K
I s in the low nanomolar range of 5–96 nM and 4–72 nM, respectively. Compounds 1d, 1j, 1v, and 1x were the most potent hCA IX inhibitors with KI s of 5.1, 8.6, 4.7, and 5.1 nM, respectively. Along with derivatives 1d and 1j, compounds 1r and 1ab potently inhibited hCA XII isoform with KI s in a single-digit nanomolar range of 8.8, 5.4, 4.3, and 9.0 nM, respectively. Compounds 1e, 1m, and 1p exhibited the best selectivity against hCA IX and hCA XII isoforms over off-target hCA II, with selectivity indexes ranging from 5 to 14. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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9. Chemical Composition and Anti- Candida Activity of Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. Essential Oils Obtained by Different Distillation Processes.
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Tadić, Vanja, Božović, Mijat, Sapienza, Filippo, Astolfi, Roberta, Mladenović, Milan, Zaka, Maria Cristina, Del Bove, Fabiana, Borzacchi, Francesca, Fraschetti, Caterina, Rossi, Caterina, Vertuani, Silvia, Baldisserotto, Anna, Manfredini, Stefano, and Ragno, Rino
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ESSENTIAL oils ,MINTS (Plants) ,DISTILLATION ,CANDIDA ,TERPENES ,OCHRATOXINS - Abstract
A comparative study on essential oils extracted from Mentha suaveolens Ehrh. from Italy is reported. Two extraction procedures were investigated: hydrodistillation and steam distillation, carried out as a continuous and fractionated procedure. Fresh and dried plant material from two harvests was used. The hydrodistillation method yielded a higher amount of essential oil. The dried plant was significantly richer in essential oil per kg of starting plant material. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of 112 samples showed that the essential oils belong to the piperitenone oxide-rich chemotype. In addition, piperitenone, p-cymen-8-ol, and limonene were among the most abundant compounds in the different samples. A higher amount of piperitenone oxide was obtained by hydrodistillation, while steam distillation gave a higher percentage of piperitenone and limonene. The essential oils were characterized for their anti-Candida albicans activity; higher potency was observed for the samples rich in piperitenone oxide, with MIC values ranging from 0.39 to 0.78 mg·mL
−1 (0.039% and 0.078% p/v). The results of this work provide a deep insight into the methodology of essential oil extraction and the associated chemical variability of M. suaveolens Ehrh. Some of the essential oils are potent against C. albicans and could be considered for potential use in therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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10. Lipid-Based Nanosystems for the Topical Application of Ferulic Acid: A Comparative Study.
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Sguizzato, Maddalena, Ferrara, Francesca, Drechsler, Markus, Baldisserotto, Anna, Montesi, Leda, Manfredini, Stefano, Valacchi, Giuseppe, and Cortesi, Rita
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TOPICAL drug administration ,POLOXAMERS ,FERULIC acid ,NONIONIC surfactants ,MONOOLEIN ,SKIN biopsy ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
In this study, we examined and compared two different lipid-based nanosystems (LBNs), namely Transferosomes (TFs) and Monoolein Aqueous Dispersions (MADs), as delivery systems for the topical application of Ferulic Acid (FA), an antioxidant molecule derived from natural sources. Our results, as demonstrated through Franz-cell experiments, indicate that the LBNs produced with poloxamer 188 in their composition create a multilamellar system. This system effectively controls the release of the drug. Nonetheless, we found that the type of non-ionic surfactant can impact the drug release rate. Regarding FA diffusion from the MAD, this showed a lower diffusion rate compared with the TF. In terms of an in vivo application, patch tests revealed that all LBN formulations tested were safe when applied under occlusive conditions for 48 h. Additionally, human skin biopsies were used to determine whether FA-containing formulations could influence skin tissue morphology or provide protection against O
3 exposure. Analyses suggest that treatment with TFs composed of poloxamer 188 and MAD formulations might protect against structural skin damage (as observed in hematoxylin/eosin staining) and the development of an oxidative environment (as indicated by 4-hyroxinonenal (4HNE) expression levels) induced by O3 exposure. In contrast, formulations without the active ingredient did not offer protection against the detrimental effects of O3 exposure.Inizio modulo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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11. Magnolia officinalis L. bark extract and respiratory diseases: From traditional Chinese medicine to western medicine via network target.
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Fontana, Riccardo, Mattioli, Laura Beatrice, Biotti, Giulia, Budriesi, Roberta, Gotti, Roberto, Micucci, Matteo, Corazza, Ivan, Marconi, Peggy, Frosini, Maria, Manfredini, Stefano, Buzzi, Raissa, and Vertuani, Silvia
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The understanding of the use of Magnolia officinalis L. (Magnoliaceae) as a possible dietary supplement for supporting the treatment of airway pathologies might be of clinical interest. Two commercially available bark extracts (M. officinalis extract [MOE]) were characterized by quantitation in honokiol and magnolol content by means of high‐performance liquid chromatography with UV detection. MOE effects, as well as those of the reference compounds per se, on some targets connected to airway pathologies (antibacterial‐ and lung and trachea relaxing‐ activities) were investigated. Results showed that MOE possessed interesting antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. This was accompanied by a spasmolytic and antispasmodic activity, possibly owing to its ability to concurrently modulate different targets such as H1‐, β2‐ and muscarinic receptors and l‐type calcium channels involved in bronchodilation. All these effects were directly related to the MOE content in honokiol and magnolol. In conclusion, the properties of MOE highlighted here strongly encourage its application as dietary supplement in the treatment of airway diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. Up-Cycling of Olea europaea L. Ancient Cultivars Side Products: Study of a Combined Cosmetic–Food Supplement Treatment Based on Leaves and Olive Mill Wastewater Extracts.
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Buzzi, Raissa, Gugel, Irene, Costa, Stefania, Molesini, Sonia, Boreale, Silvia, Baldini, Erika, Marchetti, Nicola, Vertuani, Silvia, Pinelli, Patrizia, Urciuoli, Silvia, Baldisserotto, Anna, and Manfredini, Stefano
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OLIVE leaves ,OLIVE ,LEAF anatomy ,SEWAGE ,TREE pruning ,CULTIVARS - Abstract
In recent years, a reversal of the global economic framework has been taking place: from the linear model, there has been a gradual transition to a circular model where by-products from the agri-food industry are taken and transformed into value products (upcycling) rather than being disposed of. Olive tree pruning represents an important biomass currently used for combustion; however, the leaf part of the olive tree is rich in phenolic substances, including hydroxytyrosol. Mill wastewater is also discarded, but it still contains high amounts of hydroxytyrosol. In this study, cosmetic and food supplement formulations were prepared using biophenols extracted from leaves and wastewater and were tested in a placebo-controlled study on healthy volunteers using a combined cosmetic and food supplement treatment. A significant improvement in skin health indicators (collagen density, elasticity, etc.) and a 17% improvement against Photo-induced Irritative Stimulus was observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Effects of Flavonoids and Phenols from Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts on Biofilm Processes in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris.
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Fontana, Riccardo, Caproni, Anna, Sicurella, Mariaconcetta, Manfredini, Stefano, Baldisserotto, Anna, and Marconi, Peggy
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XANTHOMONAS campestris ,MORINGA oleifera ,PHENOLS ,PHENOL ,BIOFILMS ,PHYTOCHEMICALS - Abstract
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris is the causal agent of black rot in crucifers, a plant disease with significant economic impact. Xanthomonadaceae is a large family of Gram-negative bacteria that cause symptoms by blocking water flow in plants by invading the xylem. To accomplish this, the main mechanism the bacteria use to adapt to environmental changes and colonize tissues is biofilm formation. In recent years, growing interest in natural antimicrobial compounds has led to the study of different phytocomplexes derived from plants. In this work, Moringa oleifera was selected, as its leaves are rich in phenols, essential oils, and vitamins that exert antibacterial activity. X. campestris pv. campestris biofilm, one of its major virulence factors, was studied. Biofilm formation and removal were analyzed on abiotic and biotic surfaces with and without M. oleifera leaf extracts. The data from the analysis show that Moringa oleifera leaf extracts and single phenols were able to inhibit biofilm growth on abiotic surfaces, but the activity of the whole phytocomplex was significantly higher compared to that of individual phenols. The effect of Moringa oleifera extracts on cabbage leaves in vivo was also found to be very important, as scanning electron microscopy showed that treatment with the extracts led to clear unblocking of the xylem, implying many advantages for use in black rot control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. A Safe-by-Design Approach for the Synthesis of a Novel Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid with Improved Biological and Physical Properties.
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Sciabica, Sabrina, Barbari, Riccardo, Fontana, Riccardo, Tafuro, Giovanni, Semenzato, Alessandra, Traini, Daniela, Silva, Dina M., Reis, Larissa Gomes Dos, Canilli, Luisa, Terno, Massimo, Marconi, Peggy, Baldisserotto, Anna, Vertuani, Silvia, and Manfredini, Stefano
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METHYL formate ,BIOPOLYMERS ,HYALURONIC acid ,ARGININE ,NEW product development - Abstract
Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a polymer with unique biological properties that has gained in interest over the years, with applications in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and biomedical fields; however, its widespread use has been limited by its short half-life. Therefore, a new cross-linked hyaluronic acid was designed and characterized using a natural and safe cross-linking agent, such as arginine methyl ester, which provided improved resistance to enzymatic action, as compared to the corresponding linear polymer. The antibacterial profile of the new derivative was shown to be effective against S. aureus and P. acnes, making it a promising candidate for use in cosmetic formulations and skin applications. Its effect on S. pneumoniae, combined with its excellent tolerability profile on lung cells, also makes this new product suitable for applications involving the respiratory tract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Multifunctional Profiling of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts for Topical Application: A Comparative Study of Different Collection Time.
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Baldisserotto, Anna, Barbari, Riccardo, Tupini, Chiara, Buzzi, Raissa, Durini, Elisa, Lampronti, Ilaria, Manfredini, Stefano, Baldini, Erika, and Vertuani, Silvia
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MORINGA oleifera ,TOPICAL drug administration ,SKIN aging ,PLANT extracts ,EXTRACTS ,PLANT species - Abstract
This research investigated plant extracts as a source of potential new actives in the nutritional, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical fields. Moringa oleifera, which is extensively known for its nutritional properties, has been investigated in this work by preparation, characterization, and evaluation of the antioxidant (FRAP, DPPH, ORAC, and PCL test), antifungal, photoprotective, and cytotoxicity profile against human melanoma Colo38 cell line of two different extracts (hydroalcoholic and methanolic) and one infusion of dry leaves collected from Paraguay in four distinct harvest times (February, March, April, and May 2017). The outcomes of this study highlight Moringa oleifera as a potential ally to counteract skin aging and oxidative stress, as indicated by the favorable antioxidant profile of the extracts and infusions of Paraguay, which was, in all cases, superior to that provided by the same plant species when collected from Senegal. Moreover, some samples were more efficient in preventing the photodegradation of UVA filter butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (Avobenzone) compared to commercial filters, thus suggesting an interesting future role as natural additives in sunscreens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of New Multifunctional Benzothiazoles as Photoprotective, Antioxidant and Antiproliferative Agents.
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Barbari, Riccardo, Tupini, Chiara, Durini, Elisa, Gallerani, Eleonora, Nicoli, Francesco, Lampronti, Ilaria, Baldisserotto, Anna, and Manfredini, Stefano
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DRUG target ,PATIENT compliance ,ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,ANNEXINS ,OXIDANT status - Abstract
A current trend of research in the health field is toward the discovery of multifunctional compounds, capable of interacting with multiple biological targets, thus simplifying multidrug therapies and improving patient compliance. The aim of this work was to synthesize new multifunctional chemical entities bearing a benzothiazole nucleus, a structure that has attracted increasing interest for the great variety of biological actions that it can perform, and already used as a scaffold in several multifunctional drugs. Compounds are reported, divided into two distinct series, synthetized and tested in vitro for the antioxidant, and include UV-filtering and antitumor activities. DPPH and FRAP tests were chosen to outline an antioxidant activity profile against different radical species. The UV-filtering activity was investigated, pre- and post-irradiation, through evaluation of a O/W sunscreen standard formulation containing 3% of the synthetic compounds. The antitumor activity was investigated both on human melanoma cells (Colo-38) and on immortalized human keratinocytes as a control (HaCat). A good antiproliferative profile in terms of IC
50 was chosen as a mandatory condition to further investigate apoptosis induction as a possible cytotoxicity mechanism through the Annexin V test. Compound BZTcin4 was endowed with excellent activity and a selectivity profile towards Colo-38, supported by a good antioxidant capacity and an excellent broad-spectrum photoprotective profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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17. A comprehensive ethnobotanical profile of Ocimum campechianum (Lamiaceae): from traditional medicine to phytochemical and pharmacological evidences.
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Guardado Yordi, Estela, Matos, Maria J., Buso, Piergiacomo, Martínez, Amaury Pérez, Asanza, Mercedes, Scalvenzi, Laura, Manfredini, Stefano, Tacchini, Massimo, Radice, Matteo, and Sacchetti, Gianni
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TRADITIONAL medicine ,FOOD pathogens ,BIOPESTICIDES ,ESSENTIAL oils ,PLANT protection ,BASIL ,LAMIACEAE - Abstract
There is extensive ethnobotanical information on Ocimum campechianum as it is widely used by the natives of Central and South America and the Amazon. Although many of its traditional uses have been confirmed, studies are still scarce and scattered. Therefore, the main focus of this review is to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the state of the art about ethnobotanical, phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological knowledge of O. campechianum. This overview offers a starting point for further studies of possible health applications that meet modern needs for human well-being. Future challenges should be focused on research based on new approaches for the understanding of its global benefits. It is suggested to promote studies on multiple herbal remedies, and the antiproliferative and cytotoxic activities of the compounds, as well as new strategies that relate phytochemistry with bioactivity, toxicological evaluations on acute and long-term toxicity, mechanisms of action, pharmacodynamic, and pharmacokinetic studies. Finally, a focus on the possible application of O. campechianum as a biopesticide for the sustainable protection crop of crops and suggests the need to explore new uses of its essential oil for the treatment of foodborne pathogens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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18. Biological activity of new bioactive steroids deriving from biotransformation of cortisone.
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Costa, Stefania, Tedeschi, Paola, Ferraro, Luca, Beggiato, Sarah, Grandini, Alessandro, Manfredini, Stefano, Buzzi, Raissa, Sacchetti, Gianni, and Valacchi, Giuseppe
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BIOCONVERSION ,CORTISONE ,DRUG discovery ,AMES test ,STEROIDS ,GENETIC toxicology - Abstract
Cortisone is a metabolite belonging to the corticosteroid class that is used pharmaceutically directly as a drug or prodrug. In addition to its large consumption, its use is linked to several side effects, so pharmaceutical research aims to develop effective drugs with low or no side effects, alternative compounds to cortisone are part of an active investment in ongoing research on drug discovery. Since biotransformation can be considered a source of new molecules with potential therapeutic use, the present work focuses on a preliminary in vitro study aimed at evaluating the mutagenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and neuroprotective activity of SCA and SCB molecules obtained from the biotransformation of cortisone using Rh. Rhodnii strain DSM 43960. The results obtained are very encouraging due to the safety of biotransformed compounds with reference to genotoxicity checked by Ames test, to the very high antioxidant capacity and to the anti-inflammatory activity. In fact, thecompounds inhibited both the TNFα-stimulated expression and secretion of NFkB target cytokines, and COX activity, and can activate the glucocorticoid receptor. Finally SCA and SCB exhibited neuroprotective properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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19. A Safe-by-Design Approach to "Reef Safe" Sunscreens Based on ZnO and Organic UV Filters.
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Battistin, Mattia, Pascalicchio, Paolina, Tabaro, Beatrice, Hasa, Dritan, Bonetto, Alessandro, Manfredini, Stefano, Baldisserotto, Anna, Scarso, Alessandro, Ziosi, Paola, Brunetta, Andrea, Brunetta, Fabio, and Vertuani, Silvia
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CORAL bleaching ,ORGANIC bases ,CHEMICAL reactions ,PHOTODEGRADATION ,PHOTOCATALYTIC oxidation ,PHOTOCATALYSTS - Abstract
In recent years, the issue of coral bleaching has led to restrictions in some tropical locations (i.e., Palau, Hawaii, etc.) on the use of some organic UV sunscreen filters, such as oxybenzone and ethyl hexyl methoxycinnamate. In contrast, ZnO is considered safe for marine environments and thus is often used without considering its photocatalytic and oxidative activities related to the generation of O
2 •− and HO• . Moreover, ZnO needs to be used in combination with other filters to reach higher protection factors. Thus, the study of its interaction with formulations and with organic filters is important in sunscreen technology for the development of safer by-design products. In this work, the photocatalytic activity of zinc oxides with different surface areas (30, 25 and 9 m2 /g) and their interaction with selected organic sunscreen filters were investigated. In particular, the ZnO photocatalytic kinetics were studied following the photodegradation of Acid Blue 9 (AB9) observing a first-order reaction with a chemical regime. Our evaluations of the selective inhibitions by hvb + and HO• demonstrated a substantial predominance of the hydroxide radicals in the expression of the photocatalysis, a trend that was also confirmed by the irradiation of ZnO in an ethanolic solution. Indeed, the formulations containing both ZnO and organic filters defined as "safe" for coral reefs (i.e., Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate, DHHB, and Ethylhexyl Triazone, EHT) showed a non-negligible photocatalytic oxidation and thus the combination was underlined as safe to use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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20. Alpha-Phellandrene and Alpha-Phellandrene-Rich Essential Oils: A Systematic Review of Biological Activities, Pharmaceutical and Food Applications.
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Radice, Matteo, Durofil, Andrea, Buzzi, Raissa, Baldini, Erika, Martínez, Amaury Pérez, Scalvenzi, Laura, and Manfredini, Stefano
- Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils ,BIOMOLECULES ,BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases ,DILL ,FENNEL ,POISONS - Abstract
Alpha-phellandrene is a very common cyclic monoterpene found in several EOs, which shows extensive biological activities. Therefore, the main focus of the present systematic review was to provide a comprehensive and critical analysis of the state of the art regarding its biological activities and pharmaceutical and food applications. In addition, the study identified essential oils rich in alpha-phellandrene and summarized their main biological activities as a preliminary screening to encourage subsequent studies on their single components. With this review, we selected and critically analyzed 99 papers, using the following bibliographic databases: PubMed, SciELO, Wiley and WOS, on 8 July 2022. Data were independently extracted by four authors of this work, selecting those studies which reported the keyword "alpha-phellandrene" in the title and/or the abstract, and avoiding those in which there was not a clear correlation between the molecule and its biological activities and/or a specific concentration from its source. Duplication data were removed in the final article. Many essential oils have significant amounts of alpha-phellandrene, and the species Anethum graveolens and Foeniculum vulgare are frequently cited. Some studies on the above-mentioned species show high alpha-phellandrene amounts up to 82.1%. There were 12 studies on alpha-phellandrene as a pure molecule showed promising biological functions, including antitumoral, antinociceptive, larvicidal and insecticidal activities. There were 87 research works on EOs rich in alpha-phellandrene, which were summarized with a focus on additional data concerning potential biological activities. We believe this data is a useful starting point to start new research on the pure molecule, and, in particular, to distinguish between the synergistic effects of the different components of the OEs and those due to alpha-phellandrene itself. Toxicological data are still lacking, requiring further investigation on the threshold values to distinguish the boundary between beneficial and toxic effects, i.e., mutagenic, carcinogenic and allergenic. All these findings offer inspiration for potential applications of alpha-phellandrene as a new biopesticide, antimicrobial and antitumoral agent. In particular, we believe our work is of interest as a starting point for further studies on the food application of alpha-phellandrene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Expert Systems for Predicting the Bioavailability of Sun Filters in Cosmetic Products, Software vs. Expert Formulator: The Benzophenone-3 Case.
- Author
-
Baldisserotto, Anna, Baldini, Erika, Ravarotto, Sara, Cesa, Elena, De Lucia, Daniela, Durini, Elisa, Vertuani, Silvia, Manfredini, Stefano, and Michniak-Kohn, Bozena B.
- Subjects
BIOAVAILABILITY ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,COMPUTER software ,FOOD emulsions ,EXPERT systems ,FORECASTING - Abstract
There are only a limited number of molecules in a cosmetic formulation, which can passively cross the stratum corneum and be absorbed into the skin layers. However, some actives should never cross the skin in large concentrations due to their potential for side effects, for example, sunscreens. Artificial intelligence is gaining an increasing role as a predictive tool, and in this regard, we selected the Formulating for Efficacy
® Software to forecast the changes in bioavailability of selected topical cosmetic compounds. Using the Franz diffusion cell methodology, various oils were selected as those with low release capability, and these were compared to those suggested by the software in Benzophenone-3-containing formulations. The software was able to predict the lipophilic phases, which, if utilized in the emulsion, were stable and sometimes even more pleasant in appearance and consistency than the reference emulsions prepared by the formulator. To date, however, Formulating for Efficacy® Software still has limitations as far as predicting the hydrophilic phase, as well as not being able to choose the emulsifier or the preservative system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Design, Synthesis and Biological Investigation of 2-Anilino Triazolopyrimidines as Tubulin Polymerization Inhibitors with Anticancer Activities.
- Author
-
Romagnoli, Romeo, Oliva, Paola, Prencipe, Filippo, Manfredini, Stefano, Budassi, Federica, Brancale, Andrea, Ferla, Salvatore, Hamel, Ernest, Corallo, Diana, Aveic, Sanja, Manfreda, Lorenzo, Mariotto, Elena, Bortolozzi, Roberta, and Viola, Giampietro
- Subjects
BIOSYNTHESIS ,TUBULINS ,ANTINEOPLASTIC agents ,CELL cycle ,HELA cells ,POLYMERIZATION - Abstract
A further investigation aiming to generate new potential antitumor agents led us to synthesize a new series of twenty-two compounds characterized by the presence of the 7-(3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyphenyl)-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine pharmacophore modified at its 2-position. Among the synthesized compounds, three were significantly more active than the others. These bore the substituents p-toluidino (3d), p-ethylanilino (3h) and 3′,4′-dimethylanilino (3f), and these compounds had IC
50 values of 30–43, 160–240 and 67–160 nM, respectively, on HeLa, A549 and HT-29 cancer cells. The p-toluidino derivative 3d was the most potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization (IC50 : 0.45 µM) and strongly inhibited the binding of colchicine to tubulin (72% inhibition), with antiproliferative activity superior to CA-4 against A549 and HeLa cancer cell lines. In vitro investigation showed that compound 3d was able to block treated cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and to induce apoptosis following the intrinsic pathway, further confirmed by mitochondrial depolarization and caspase-9 activation. In vivo experiments conducted on the zebrafish model showed good activity of 3d in reducing the mass of a HeLa cell xenograft. These effects occurred at nontoxic concentrations to the animal, indicating that 3d merits further developmental studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) Reversible Inhibitors: The Role of Oxamyl in the Production of Poisoned Baits.
- Author
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Biancardi, Alberto, Aimo, Cristina, Piazza, Pierluigi, Lo Chiano, Federica, Rubini, Silva, Baldini, Erika, Vertuani, Silvia, and Manfredini, Stefano
- Subjects
ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ,POISONS ,EXPERIMENTAL toxicology ,TOXICOLOGICAL chemistry ,FIELD crops - Abstract
Oxamyl is a highly toxic carbamate molecule with toxicological risk from contamination, used as an insecticide, nematicide, and acaricide on many field crops, vegetables, fruits, and ornamentals. Suspected poisoned animals and baits were collected between January 2018 and August 2021 from Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna regions and analyzed at the chemical toxicology laboratory of the Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, located in Brescia. The analyses were carried out by an ion trap GC-MS system in 2467 suspected samples and showed the presence of oxamyl in 67 of these. In this study, we analyzed 47 (out of 67) positive baits: the provinces in which more cases have been recorded are Mantua, Ferrara, and Cremona, which overall had 72% of positivity. The nature of the analyzed samples was mostly corn (55.3%), followed by bird carcasses (19.1%), apples (14.8%), meatballs (2.1%), bread (2.1%), and other (8.5%). The use of oxamyl to produce poisoned baits is constantly increasing, proving that it must be considered as a public health risk for the possible consequences on target and non-target organisms, including humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Highly Active 7-Anilino Triazolopyrimidines as Potent Antimicrotubule Agents.
- Author
-
Oliva, Paola, Romagnoli, Romeo, Cacciari, Barbara, Manfredini, Stefano, Padroni, Chiara, Brancale, Andrea, Ferla, Salvatore, Hamel, Ernest, Corallo, Diana, Aveic, Sanja, Milan, Noemi, Mariotto, Elena, Viola, Giampietro, and Bortolozzi, Roberta
- Subjects
TUBULINS ,BIOSYNTHESIS ,CELL cycle ,HELA cells ,CELL growth ,CANCER cells ,PYRIMIDINES - Abstract
Two different series of fifty-two compounds, based on 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyaniline (7a–ad) and variably substituted anilines (8a–v) at the 7-position of the 2-substituted-[1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine nucleus, had moderate to potent antiproliferative activity against A549, MDA-MB-231, HeLa, HT-29 and Jurkat cancer cell lines. All derivatives with a common 3-phenylpropylamino moiety at the 2-position of the triazolopyrimidine scaffold and different halogen-substituted anilines at its 7-position, corresponding to 4′-fluoroaniline (8q), 4′-fluoro-3′-chloroaniline (8r), 4′-chloroaniline (8s) and 4′-bromoaniline (8u), displayed the greatest antiproliferative activity with mean IC
50′ s of 83, 101, 91 and 83 nM, respectively. These four compounds inhibited tubulin polymerization about 2-fold more potently than combretastatin A-4 (CA-4), and their activities as inhibitors of [3 H]colchicine binding to tubulin were similar to that of CA-4. These data underlined that the 3′,4′,5′-trimethoxyanilino moiety at the 7-position of the [1,2,4]triazolo [1,5-a]pyrimidine system, which characterized compounds 7a–ad, was not essential for maintaining potent antiproliferative and antitubulin activities. Compounds 8q and 8r had high selectivity against cancer cells, and their interaction with tubulin led to the accumulation of HeLa cells in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle and to apoptotic cell death through the mitochondrial pathway. Finally, compound 8q significantly inhibited HeLa cell growth in zebrafish embryos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Criticisms in the Development of High-Protection and Broad-Spectrum "Natural/Organic" Certifiable Sunscreen.
- Author
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Tortini, Guido, Ziosi, Paola, Cesa, Elena, Molesini, Sonia, Baldini, Erika, De Lucia, Daniela, Rossi, Caterina, Durini, Elisa, Vertuani, Silvia, and Manfredini, Stefano
- Subjects
COSMETICS ,SUNSCREENS (Cosmetics) ,TITANIUM oxides ,INORGANIC acids ,CLINICAL trials - Abstract
Attention to environmental issues has become increasingly important in recent years and also massively affects the cosmetics sector. In this context, sunscreens are questioned due to the proven or believed ecotoxicity of organic ultraviolet (UV) filters. This has pushed developers increasingly towards the use of inorganic filters, which can prove difficult to spread with low compliance. We faced the problem by proposing a rational approach based on the evaluation of the morphology of the inorganic material, as the real dimension does not often correspond to the characteristics declared by the producers because the material itself tends to aggregate. A combination of a specially selected inorganic filter is required to formulate Cosmetic Products with a Natural and Sustainable Connotation (CPCNS) standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Control of Erwinia amylovora Growth by Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts: In Vitro and in Planta Effects.
- Author
-
Fontana, Riccardo, Macchi, Giovanna, Caproni, Anna, Sicurella, Mariaconcetta, Buratto, Mattia, Salvatori, Francesca, Pappadà, Mariangela, Manfredini, Stefano, Baldisserotto, Anna, and Marconi, Peggy
- Abstract
Erwinia amylovora (EA) is a phytopathogenic bacterium, the causative agent of bacterial fire blight, a disease that affects Rosaceaes. In order to replace antibiotics and copper, the antimicrobial activity of three extracts of Moringa oleifera Lam., methanolic (MeOH-MOE), hydroalcoholic (HA-MOE) and hydroalcoholic with maltodextrins (HAMD-MOE), was tested on eleven strains of EA isolated from apple trees by the Emilia-Romagna Phytosanitary Department. MIC and MBC have been evaluated; biofilm formation, swarming motility and amylovoran production were performed with the crystalviolet, soft-agar assay and the amylovoran method. All extracts demonstrated bacteriostatic activity at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, resulting in a 80% reduction in biofilm formation. HAMD-MOE, MeOH-MOE and HA-MOE caused an inhibition of motility of 60%, 65% and 30% after 6 days and a decrease in amylovoran synthesis of 84%, 63% and 93%, respectively. In planta results showed how the compounds were able to inhibit EA virulence on apple trees, mainly if they were applied as a preventive treatment, although the treatment showed a significant reduction in fire blight symptoms progression. The antibacterial activity of the extracts is mainly due to the high concentration of polyphenolic compounds detected in the extracts that was able to alter the permeability of bacterial membrane, resulting in slowing the synthesis of ATP and consequently of all ATP-dependent functions, such as motility and less selectivity towards harmful compounds, which can, thus, enter the cytoplasm and inhibit enzymes involved in replication and quorum sensing. The efficacy, eco-compatibility and low cost make such extracts a potential tool for the control of bacterial fire blight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Clinical improvement of ocular surface parameters in dry eye patients following treatment with urea/crosslinked-hyaluronate eyedrops correlates with the secretion of MUC-4.
- Author
-
Longo, Rosa, Avesani, Anna, Dalla Mura, Giulia, Dell'Orco, Daniele, Manfredini, Stefano, and Panozzo, Giacomo
- Subjects
THERAPEUTIC use of hyaluronic acid ,PROTEIN metabolism ,CORNEA injuries ,DRY eye syndromes ,OPHTHALMIC drugs ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,OSMOLAR concentration ,CYTOLOGY - Abstract
To assess the ocular surface status after treatment with urea/crosslinked hyaluronate (U-HACL) tear substitute in dry eye (DE) patients. Seventeen DE patients were included in the study. They instilled U-HACL drops three times/day for 2 months. Symptoms (by OSDI and VAS), osmolarity, tear film (through Schirmer and tear film breakup time), corneal and conjunctival damage (with NEI and van Bijsterveld scores), impression cytology (number of PAS positive cells and MUC-4 immunostaining), and tear sampling were analyzed pre- and post-treatment. After the treatment, there was a significant improvement of VAS (7.16 ± 2.59 vs. 3.94 ± 2.23), OSDI (56.96 ± 25.97 vs. 29.94 ± 20.15), Schirmer (8.22 ± 6.86 vs. 10.66 ± 6.92), TFBUT (3.16 ± 2.28 vs. 5.55 ± 2.47), NEI (7.16 ± 2.50 vs. 2.88 ± 2.80), and van Bijsterveld (10.27 ± 4.25 vs. 6.5 ± 3.79) score, p < 0.01. There was a significant increase of PAS positive cells and MUC-4 (respectively, 44.21 ± 14.8 vs. 67.0 ± 10.1 and 49.79 ± 20.0 vs. 75.9 ± 20.7), p < 0.01. The rise of MUC-4 expression probably contributed to the increase in ocular wettability and amelioration of clinical parameters following the administration of U-HACL eye drops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Towards a new application of amaranth seed oil as an agent against Candida albicans.
- Author
-
De Vita, Daniela, Messore, Antonella, Toniolo, Chiara, Frezza, Claudio, Scipione, Luigi, Bertea, Cinzia Margherita, Micera, Marco, Di Sarno, Veronica, Madia, Valentina Noemi, Pindinello, Ivano, Roscilli, Patrizia, Botto, Alfonso, Simonetti, Giovanna, Orekhova, Anastasia, Manfredini, Stefano, Costi, Roberta, and Di Santo, Roberto
- Subjects
CANDIDA albicans ,AMARANTHS ,OILSEEDS ,ANTIFUNGAL agents ,TERBINAFINE ,LINSEED oil - Abstract
Amaranthus spp. (Amaranthaceae family), known as amaranth, are plants native of Central America, today produced in many parts of the world. due to their popularity popular as a health food. Because of its composition, amaranth can be considered to be attractive not only as a food but also for pharmaceutical and cosmetics uses. To date, antifungal activity of amaranth extracts has not been totally investigated, therefore the scope of this study was to evaluate the antifungal effect of the apolar fraction from Amaranthus cruentus L. seeds extract, alone and in association with antifungal drugs terbinafine, a common antifungal agent, which itself has only fungistatic effect on Candida albicans strains without exerting fungicidal activity. Our results demonstrate that this amaranth oil in combination with terbinafine has synergic fungistatic and fungicidal activity, with FICI of 0.466 and 0.496, respectively. No fungistatic and fungicidal activity of terbinafine alone at concentrations up to 64 μg/mL and amaranth oil alone at concentrations up to 2000 μg/mL, against all tested C. albicans strains, were observed. does not show activity towards Candida albicans strains but it can effectively potentiate the antifungal activity of terbinafine, a common antifungal agent which itself This result suggests the possible application of amaranth oil in the preparation of formulations with terbinafine for topical use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. HERBAL DRUG AS NOVEL ANTIBIOTICS.
- Author
-
HALOCI, Entela, MIRACI, Mirela, GOCI, Enkelejda, SHKRELI, Rezarta, CARRADORI, Simone, MANFREDINI, Stefano, and PAPAJANI, Vilma
- Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils ,FUMIGANTS ,TOPICAL drug administration ,ESCHERICHIA coli ,AROMATIC plants ,GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) ,ANTIFUNGAL agents ,CYCLODEXTRIN derivatives - Abstract
This study is extended in many years, from 2010 in which is investigated the herbal drug biological activity. The evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has been developed very rapidly lately over the world. In this point, there is an urgent need to develop alternative strategies to address this issue. Herbal drugs are a very promising group since they are used since ancients time for their antimicrobial, antifungal and antinflammatory properties. The essential oils obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants by Albanian origin, such as Satureja montana, Thymus vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, Myrtus communis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus capitatus and Salvia officinalis are studied for antibacterial and antifungal properties in this study. Essential oils are obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus and the chemical composition of isolated essential oils is determined by gas GC/MS and GC/FID methods. Complexes of β-cyclodextrine and essential oils are prepared by cold co-precipitation method with the four ratios oil: β-cyclodextrine as follows 5:95, 10:90, 15:85 and 20:80 (w/w) in order to determine the effect of the ratio on the inclusion efficiency of β-cyclodextrin for encapsulating oil. On the other hand, current topical applications of these volatile compounds turn out to be complicated because of their problems of stability, evaporation and controlled release, which are major problems for their therapeutic uses; Therefore, is studied their microencapsulation in polymers such as β-cyclodextrine which could be the solution to their chemical and physical problems. The essential oils were tested for antimicrobial and antifungal activity before and after microencapsulation. The antimicrobial test is done by the disc diffusion method using suspension of P. vulgaris, E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans and dermatophytes such as M. gypseum, M. canis, A. cajetani, T. violaceum, T. mentagrophytes, E. floccosum, T. rubrum, T. tonsurans, B. cinerea and P. oryzae. Positive controls of antibiotics and antifungals were used for comparison. Essential oils showed high inhibition zones against selected bacterias, and encapsulated ones were found to be more efficient. In conclusion these essential oils can be applied in many formulations due to their low risk of skin sensitizing and high antibacterial and antifungal activity they demonstrated before and after encapsulation. Further investigation is going on with systemic formulation with complexed essential oils which can be a very useful solution in many patient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Variation in essential oil content and composition of Ridolfia segetum Moris based on 30-hour prolonged fractionated extraction procedure.
- Author
-
Božović, Mijat, Garzoli, Stefania, Baldisserotto, Anna, Andreotti, Elisa, Cesa, Stefania, Pepi, Federico, Vertuani, Silvia, Manfredini, Stefano, and Ragno, Rino
- Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils ,CHEMICAL processes ,CANDIDA albicans ,DISTILLATION ,UMBELLIFERAE - Abstract
A comprehensive study on essential oil samples extracted from Ridolfia segetum Moris (Apiaceae) collected in Tarquinia (Italy) is reported. In this study, a 30-hour, fractionated, steam distillation procedure for essential oil preparation was applied. The gas chromatographic-mass spectrometry analysis showed monoterpene o-cymene and phenylpropanoid dill-apiol as the major essential oil's constituents revealing a new chemotype dependent on extraction duration. Great impact of the duration of the distillation process on chemical profile of essential oil was observed; prolonged distillation gives chemically more diverse essential oil samples. Preliminary microbiological evaluations of the essential oils samples revealed some activity, although not high, against Candida albicans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Highlight article: Effects of tocotrienol supplementation in Friedreich's ataxia: A model of oxidative stress pathology.
- Author
-
Bolotta, Alessandra, Pini, Antonella, Abruzzo, Provvidenza M, Ghezzo, Alessandro, Modesti, Alessandra, Gamberi, Tania, Ferreri, Carla, Bugamelli, Francesca, Fortuna, Filippo, Vertuani, Silvia, Manfredini, Stefano, Zucchini, Cinzia, and Marini, Marina
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. HERBAL DRUG AS NOVEL ANTIBIOTICS.
- Author
-
HALOCI, Entela, MIRACI, Mirela, GOCI, Enkelejda, SHKRELI, Rezarta, CARRADORI, Simone, MANFREDINI, Stefano, and PAPAJANI, Vilma
- Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils ,FUMIGANTS ,TOPICAL drug administration ,ESCHERICHIA coli ,GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) ,AROMATIC plants ,ANTIFUNGAL agents ,CYCLODEXTRIN derivatives - Abstract
This study is extended in many years, from 2010 in which is investigated the herbal drug biological activity. The evolution of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has been developed very rapidly lately over the world. In this point, there is an urgent need to develop alternative strategies to address this issue. Herbal drugs are a very promising group since they are used since ancients time for their antimicrobial, antifungal and antinflammatory properties. The essential oils obtained from medicinal and aromatic plants by Albanian origin, such as Satureja montana, Thymus vulgaris, Origanum vulgare, Myrtus communis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Thymus capitatus and Salvia officinalis are studied for antibacterial and antifungal properties in this study. Essential oils are obtained by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger type apparatus and the chemical composition of isolated essential oils is determined by gas GC/MS and GC/FID methods. Complexes of β-cyclodextrine and essential oils are prepared by cold co-precipitation method with the four ratios oil: β-cyclodextrine as follows 5:95, 10:90, 15:85 and 20:80 (w/w) in order to determine the effect of the ratio on the inclusion efficiency of β-cyclodextrin for encapsulating oil. On the other hand, current topical applications of these volatile compounds turn out to be complicated because of their problems of stability, evaporation and controlled release, which are major problems for their therapeutic uses; Therefore, is studied their microencapsulation in polymers such as β-cyclodextrine which could be the solution to their chemical and physical problems. The essential oils were tested for antimicrobial and antifungal activity before and after microencapsulation. The antimicrobial test is done by the disc diffusion method using suspension of P. vulgaris, E. coli, S. aureus, C. albicans and dermatophytes such as M. gypseum, M. canis, A. cajetani, T. violaceum, T. mentagrophytes, E. floccosum, T. rubrum, T. tonsurans, B. cinerea and P. oryzae. Positive controls of antibiotics and antifungals were used for comparison. Essential oils showed high inhibition zones against selected bacterias, and encapsulated ones were found to be more efficient. In conclusion these essential oils can be applied in many formulations due to their low risk of skin sensitizing and high antibacterial and antifungal activity they demonstrated before and after encapsulation. Further investigation is going on with systemic formulation with complexed essential oils which can be a very useful solution in many patient [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Gonorrhea, a current disease with ancient roots: from the remedies of the past to future perspectives.
- Author
-
Vicentini, Chiara Beatrice, Manfredini, Stefano, Maritati, Martina, Di Nuzzo, Mariachiara, and Contini, Carlo
- Published
- 2019
34. Oxidative Stress in Autistic Children Alters Erythrocyte Shape in the Absence of Quantitative Protein Alterations and of Loss of Membrane Phospholipid Asymmetry.
- Author
-
Bolotta, Alessandra, Battistelli, Michela, Falcieri, Elisabetta, Ghezzo, Alessandro, Manara, Maria Cristina, Manfredini, Stefano, Marini, Marina, Posar, Annio, Visconti, Paola, and Abruzzo, Provvidenza Maria
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Essential oil extraction, chemical analysis and anti-<italic>Candida</italic> activity of <italic>Foeniculum vulgare</italic> Miller - new approaches.
- Author
-
Garzoli, Stefania, Božović, Mijat, Baldisserotto, Anna, Sabatino, Manuela, Cesa, Stefania, Pepi, Federico, Vicentini, Chiara Beatrice, Manfredini, Stefano, and Ragno, Rino
- Abstract
A comprehensive study on essential oil samples of
Foeniculum vulgare Miller from Tarquinia (Italy) is reported. A 24-h systematic steam distillation was performed on different harvested samples applying different extraction times. The GC-MS analysis of the residue outcome showedo -cymene,α -phellandrene,α -pinene and estragole as the major constituents. The predominance and continued presence ofo -cymene makes this fennel oil a rather unique chemotype. An evident correlation between the antifungal activity and phenological stage is demonstrated. The most active fractions were particularly rich in estragole, as well as a significant amount of fenchone that possibly exerts some additive effect in the expression of overall antifungal potency. Pre-fruiting material produced oil particularly rich ino -cymene. With reference to the duration of the extraction, the maximum amount of oil was released within the first 3 h, whereas the reproductive phase material needed at least 6 h for the extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. <italic>Sideritis romana</italic> L. subsp. <italic>purpurea</italic> (Tal. ex Benth.) Heywood, a new chemotype from Montenegro.
- Author
-
Garzoli, Stefania, Božović, Mijat, Baldisserotto, Anna, Andreotti, Elisa, Pepi, Federico, Tadić, Vanja, Manfredini, Stefano, and Ragno, Rino
- Abstract
A study on essential oil fractions of the Western Balkan endemic
Sideritis romana L. subsp. purpurea (Tal. ex Benth.) Heywood collected in Montenegro is reported. The 24-h systematic steam distillation extraction procedure was performed. The gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) analysis of the fractions showedγ -elemene and spathulenol as two main constituents, revealing a new chemotype of this plant species. Although varying in the content of these two main compounds, which makes the fractions quite different between each other, evaluation of the anti-Candida activity showed the lack of any significant efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Ancient treatment for lice: a source of suggestions for carriers of other infectious diseases?
- Author
-
Vicentini, Chiara Beatrice, Manfredini, Stefano, and Contini, Carlo
- Published
- 2018
38. Moringa oleifera Leaf Extracts as Multifunctional Ingredients for "Natural and Organic" Sunscreens and Photoprotective Preparations.
- Author
-
Baldisserotto, Anna, Buso, Piergiacomo, Radice, Matteo, Dissette, Valeria, Lampronti, Ilaria, Gambari, Roberto, Manfredini, Stefano, and Vertuani, Silvia
- Abstract
Moringa oleifera has gained increasing popularity as a food supplement but not in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic area. The aim of this study was the preparation, characterization, and evaluation of extracts from the leaves of Moringa oleifera as a herbal sun care phytocomplex. Three different extracts of Moringa oleifera leaves, from Senegal, have been prepared and chemically characterized in the phenolic fraction by HPLC-DAD and Folin-Ciocalteu test. To explore photoprotective properties, an extensive evaluation of UV filtering, antioxidant (DPPH, FRAP, ORAC, PCL), and anti-hyperproliferative (human melanoma Colo38 cells) capacities have been conducted. Furthermore, a formulation study regarding cosmetic prototypes has been carried out in order to determine the Sun Protection Factor (SPF), which was assessed in vitro. The extracts were demonstrated to confer significant values of protection, with an SPF 2, that corresponds to a 50% protection against UV-B rays, at concentrations as low as 2% to 4%. Finally, the evaluation on potential irritation of the finished formulations was conducted by Patch Test and no significant irritant potential was observed. These evidence enlarged the already significant number of activities and potential uses of this plant, which is well-known for its importance in the medicinal and nutritional fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Influences of the vehicle in the spreading and release of betamethasone.
- Author
-
Molesini, Sonia, Urto, Federica, Cvetkovska, Alexandra D, Bettoli, Vincenzo, Valacchi, Giuseppe, Pecorelli, Alessandra, Manfredini, Stefano, and Vertuani, Silvia
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Novel Artificial Tears Containing Cross-Linked Hyaluronic Acid: An In Vitro Re-Epithelialization Study.
- Author
-
Fallacara, Arianna, Vertuani, Silvia, Panozzo, Giacomo, Pecorelli, Alessandra, Valacchi, Giuseppe, and Manfredini, Stefano
- Subjects
DRY eye syndromes ,EYE drops ,THERAPEUTIC use of hyaluronic acid ,EPITHELIUM ,ANTI-inflammatory agents ,CORNEA - Abstract
Dry eye syndrome is a common disease which can damage the corneal epithelium. It is treated with eye drops to stimulate tear production and hydrate the corneal surface. The most prescribed artificial tear remedies contain hyaluronic acid (HA), which enhances epithelial wound healing, improving tissue health. To the best of our knowledge, only a few recent studies have investigated cross-linked HA (HA-CL) in eye drops for human applications. This work consists in an in vitro evaluation of the re-epithelialization ability of two different preparations containing a recently synthetized HA cross-linked with urea: 0.02% (w/v) HA-CL (solution 1, S1), and 0.4% (w/v) HA-CL (solution 2, S2). The study was conducted on both 2D human corneal cells (HCEpiC) and 3D reconstructed tissues of human corneal epithelium (HCE). Viability by 3(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2)2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test, pro-inflammatory cytokine release (interleukin-8, IL-8) by ELISA, and morphology by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining were evaluated. In addition, to understand the molecular basis of the re-epithelialization properties, cyclin D1 levels were assessed by western blot. The results showed no cellular toxicity, a slight decrease in IL-8 release, and restoration of epithelium integrity when the wounded 3D model was treated with S1 and S2. In parallel, cyclin D1 levels increased in cells treated with both S1 and S2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. A Multitarget Approach toward the Development of 8-Substituted Purines for Photoprotection and Prevention of UV-Related Damage.
- Author
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Djuidje, Ernestine N., Dissette, Valeria, Bino, Alessia, Benetti, Simonetta, Balzarini, Jan, Liekens, Sandra, Manfredini, Stefano, Vertuani, Silvia, and Baldisserotto, Anna
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Hyaluronic Acid Fillers in Soft Tissue Regeneration.
- Author
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Fallacara, Arianna, Manfredini, Stefano, Durini, Elisa, and Vertuani, Silvia
- Subjects
HYALURONIC acid ,SOFT tissue injuries ,BIOCOMPATIBILITY ,DERMAL fillers - Abstract
Over the last years, hyaluronic acid (HA) injectable dermal fillers (DFs) have become the most popular agents for soft tissue contouring and volumizing. HA fillers are characterized by most of the properties that an ideal DF should have, due to HA unique chemicalphysical properties, biocompatibility, biodegradability, and versatility. Therefore, HA DFs have revolutionized the fillermarket with a high number of products, which differ in terms of HA source, cross-linkage (agent and degree), HA concentration, hardness, cohesivity, consistency, inclusion or lack of anesthetic, indication, and longevity of correction. The article first provides a general introduction to DF world, and an overview of the different materials is available for fillers. Second, it describes the characteristics and the peculiarities of HA fillers, their differences from the other available materials, and therefore the reasons at the base of their success. Moreover, an update regarding the main Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved fillers is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Essential Oil Extraction, Chemical Analysis and Anti-Candida Activity of Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi subsp. glandulosa (Req.) Ball--New Approaches.
- Author
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Božović, Mijat, Garzoli, Stefania, Sabatino, Manuela, Pepi, Federico, Baldisserotto, Anna, Andreotti, Elisa, Romagnoli, Carlo, Mai, Antonello, Manfredini, Stefano, and Ragno, Rino
- Subjects
ESSENTIAL oils ,ANTIFUNGAL agent synthesis ,PLANT chemical analysis ,PLANT extracts ,GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) - Abstract
A comprehensive study on essential oils extracted from different Calamintha nepeta (L.) Savi subsp. glandulosa (Req.) Ball samples from Tarquinia (Italy) is reported. In this study, the 24-h steam distillation procedure for essential oil preparation, in terms of different harvesting and extraction times, was applied. The Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis showed that C. nepeta (L.) Savi subsp. glandulosa (Req.) Ball essential oils from Tarquinia belong to the pulegone-rich chemotype. The analysis of 44 samples revealed that along with pulegone, some other chemicals may participate in exerting the related antifungal activity. The results indicated that for higher activity, the essential oils should be produced with at least a 6-h steam distillation process. Even though it is not so dependent on the period of harvesting, it could be recommended not to harvest the plant in the fruiting stage, since no significant antifungal effect was shown. The maximum essential oil yield was obtained in August, with the highest pulegone percentage. To obtain the oil with a higher content of menthone, September and October should be considered as the optimal periods. Regarding the extraction duration, vegetative stage material gives the oil in the first 3 h, while material from the reproductive phase should be extracted at least at 6 or even 12 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel hydroxy-phenyl-1H-benzimidazoles as radical scavengers and UV-protective agents.
- Author
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Bino, Alessia, Baldisserotto, Anna, Scalambra, Emanuela, Dissette, Valeria, Vedaldi, Daniela Ester, Salvador, Alessia, Durini, Elisa, Manfredini, Stefano, and Vertuani, Silvia
- Subjects
CHEMICAL synthesis ,BENZIMIDAZOLES ,SOLAR ultraviolet radiation ,SKIN diseases ,THERAPEUTIC use of antioxidants ,DERMIS ,PHYSIOLOGY - Abstract
An ever-increasing incidence of skin neoplastic diseases is registered. Therefore, it is important to protect the skin from the UV radiation that reaches the epidermis and dermis but also to block ROS generated by them. Our attention was attracted in developing new compounds provided with both UV filtering and antioxidant capacities. To this end, 2-phenyl-1H-benzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA), a known UV filter, was selected as lead compound for its lack of antioxidant activity, high water solubility and good safety profile. PBSA was sequentially modified introducing hydroxyls on the phenyl ring and also substituting the functional group in position 5 of the benzimidazole ring. At the end of the synthetic study, a new, very potent class of antioxidants has been obtained. Surprisingly some of the developed molecules, while devoid of significant UV-filtering activity was endowed with potent UV-filtering booster capability if associated with known commercial UVB and UVA filters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Antidermatophytic Action of Resorcinol Derivatives: Ultrastructural Evidence of the Activity of Phenylethyl Resorcinol against Microsporum gypseum.
- Author
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Romagnoli, Carlo, Baldisserotto, Anna, Vicentini, Chiara B., Mares, Donatella, Andreotti, Elisa, Vertuani, Silvia, and Manfredini, Stefano
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RESORCINOL derivatives ,DRUG development ,FLUCONAZOLE ,DERMATOPHYTES ,DERMATOMYCOSES - Abstract
In this work, we evaluated the antidermatophytic activities of three resorcinol derivatives that have a history of use in dermo-cosmetic applications to discover molecules with multiple dermatological activities (i.e., multi-target drugs), thereby reducing the cost and time necessary for new drug development. The antidermatophytic activities of the three skin lighteners were evaluated relative to the known antifungal drug fluconazole on nine dermatophytes responsible for the most common dermatomycoses: Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton violaceum, Arthroderma cajetani, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum, Nannizzia gypsea, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton tonsurans. Among the three tested resorcinols, only two showed promising properties, with the ability to inhibit the growth of all tested dermatophytes; additionally, the IC
50 values of these two resorcinols against the nine dermatophytes confirmed their good antifungal activity, particularly for phenylethyl resorcinol against M. gypseum. Ultrastructural alterations exhibited by the fungus were observed using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy and reflected a dose-dependent response to treatment with the activation of defence and self-preservation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. New insights into sugar characterization in complex plant matrices by high-performance thin-layer chromatography.
- Author
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De Lucia, Daniela, Manfredini, Stefano, Vertuani, Silvia, and Bernardi, Tatiana
- Subjects
PHYTOCHEMICALS ,SUGAR analysis ,HIGH performance liquid chromatography ,PREBIOTICS ,BIOPOLYMERS - Abstract
High-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is an innovative, green, reliable, and rapid method for the characterization of complex sugar mixtures. For research into sustainable nontimber forest products,Adansonia digitatadry fruit pulp in this proof-of-concept study was used to demonstrate this method due to its reported high nutritional value and prebiotic activity. Chromatographic separations were performed on (20 × 10 cm2) HPTLC glass plates with diol stationary phase, using a 15-step gradient by mixing solutions acetone/acetonitrile 1:1, and ultrapure water for enzymatic degradation products. Instead, monosaccharide moieties were separated on HPTLC silica gel 60 F254over isocratic mode with 80 mm of eluent front composed of acetonitrile/acetic acid/water 63/33/5 v/v/v. Identification and quantification were performed by densitometry acquisitions at 400 nm after opportune derivatization. Our research highlighted that this technique can be used as a standard method to gain new insights into inulin determinations, with several advantages over existing conventional liquid chromatography. The development of innovative methods for the characterization of biopolymers is crucial, for food and nutraceutical industry and for quality control of phytochemicals. Characterization of such materials, up until now, has been done by mass difference and so accurate analytical methods were lacking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. A Multi-Target Approach toward the Development of Novel Candidates for Antidermatophytic Activity: Ultrastructural Evidence on α-Bisabolol-Treated Microsporum gypseum.
- Author
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Romagnoli, Carlo, Baldisserotto, Anna, Malisardi, Gemma, Vicentini, Chiara B., Mares, Donatella, Andreotti, Elisa, Vertuani, Silvia, and Manfredini, Stefano
- Subjects
MICROSPORUM ,FADE creams (Cosmetics) ,ARBUTIN ,HYDROQUINONE ,NICOTINAMIDE ,GLYCINE ,GLUTATHIONE - Abstract
Multi-target strategies are directed toward targets that are unrelated (or distantly related) and can create opportunities to address different pathologies. The antidermatophytic activities of nine natural skin lighteners: α-bisabolol, kojic acid, β-arbutin, azelaic acid, hydroquinone, nicotinamide, glycine, glutathione and ascorbyl tetraisopalmitate, were evaluated, in comparison with the known antifungal drug fluconazole, on nine dermatophytes responsible for the most common dermatomycoses: Microsporum gypseum, Microsporum canis, Trichophyton violaceum, Nannizzia cajetani, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Epidermophyton floccosum, Arthroderma gypseum, Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton tonsurans. α-Bisabolol showed the best antifungal activity against all fungi and in particular; against M. gypseum. Further investigations were conducted on this fungus to evaluate the inhibition of spore germination and morphological changes induced by α-bisabolol by TEM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC): a New Green Approach to Soluble Fiber Determination in Plant Matrices.
- Author
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Lucia, Daniela, Manfredini, Stefano, Bernardi, Tatiana, and Vertuani, Silvia
- Abstract
It is common practice in the food industry to provide technical data sheets wherein information on soluble fiber are given as a difference of mass from other components (fat, protein, etc.) and its presence in high levels is often used to claim prebiotic activity for the product. However, considering that the expression 'soluble fiber' is used to refer to specific structures, e.g., inulins, fructooligosaccharides, it is clear that the characterization by mass difference is not sufficient to support such a claim, and a more precise analytical method is required. The aim of this study was to develop a precise, reliable, and green method for the qualitative characterization of oligosaccharides in plant matrices. To develop our novel high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-based method, we decided to use a sample of Adansonia digitata fruit pulp due to its reported prebiotic activity. We used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to validate the results before and after hydrolytic treatment. Samples were prepared following, and adapting, widely accepted solvent and solvent/ultrasound-assisted-based extraction procedures. Our research demonstrated the use of HPTLC as a simple, green, and reliable analytical technique for oligosaccharide analysis. Furthermore, despite previous reports on the A. digitata dried fruit pulp, our analysis detected only sucrose, glucose, and fructose. This emphasizes the need for more precise methods of composition assessment of fiber-rich foodstuffs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Interaction and reactivity of synthetic aminoisoflavones with metal-free and metalassociated amyloid-β.
- Author
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DeToma, Alaina S., Krishnamoorthy, Janarthanan, Younwoo Nam, Hyuck Jin Lee, Brender, Jeffrey R., Kochi, Akiko, Dongkuk Lee, Onnis, Valentina, Congiu, Cenzo, Manfredini, Stefano, Vertuani, Silvia, Balboni, Gianfranco, Ramamoorthy, Ayyalusamy, and Mi Hee Lim
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Encapsulation of Satureja montana essential oil in β-cyclodextrin.
- Author
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Haloci, Entela, Toska, Vilma, Shkreli, Rezarta, Goci, Enkelejda, Vertuani, Silvia, and Manfredini, Stefano
- Abstract
Inclusion complexes between the Satureja montana essential oil and β-cyclodextrin were prepared by co-precipitation method with the four oil to β-cyclodextrin ratios of 5:95, 10:90, 15:85 and 20:80 (w/w) in order to determine the effect of the ratio on the inclusion efficiency of β-cyclodextrin for encapsulating oil volatiles. The characterization of the complex involved the analysis of the initial essential oil, the surface and the total extracted oils. The retention of essential oil volatiles reached a maximum of 93.15 % at the oil to β-cyclodextrin ratio of 15:85. Though, the maximum inclusion efficiency of β-cyclodextrin was achieved at the ratio of 20:80. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the volatiles in the total oil extracts was similar to the starting oil which is confirmed the high inhibition zone as antifungal and high antioxidant properties after encapsulation to β-cyclodextrin. This justifies the use of β-cyclodextrin as complexion agent for S. montana essential oil in the food and pharmaceutical industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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