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Various benzylic alcohols and aliphatic secondary alcohols were smoothly oxidized to the corresponding aromatic aldehydes, aromatic ketones, and aliphatic ketones, respectively, with the novel 1-acetoxy-5-nitro-1,2-benziodoxole-3(1H)-one (ANBX) alone, a trivalent iodine prepared from the oxidation of 2-iodo-5- nitrobenzoic acid with MCPBA. The present reaction is the first effective method for the oxidation of alcohols with a trivalent iodine alone under mild reaction conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sequential measurement of two non-commuting quantum observables results in a joint probability distribution for all output combinations that can be explained in terms of an initial joint quasi-probability of the non-commuting observables, modified by the resolution errors and back-action of the initial measurement. Here, we show that the error statistics of a sequential measurement of photon polarization performed at different measurement strengths can be described consistently by an imaginary correlation between the statistics of resolution and back-action. The experimental setup was designed to realize variable strength measurements with well-controlled imaginary correlation between the statistical errors caused by the initial measurement of diagonal polarizations, followed by a precise measurement of the horizontal/vertical polarization. We perform the experimental characterization of an elliptically polarized input state and show that the same complex joint probability distribution is obtained at any measurement strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]