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Background: For many years, robotic surgery has been an option for various elective surgical procedures. Though robotic surgery has not traditionally been the first choice for acute surgical patients, recent work has shown promise in broader applications. However, there are limited data regarding how to establish an institutional robotics program for higher acuity patients. This project aimed to map a pathway for the creation of an acute care surgery robotic program at a large academic medical center. Methods: Various stakeholders were gathered jointly with our surgical faculty: anesthesia, operating room leadership, surgical technologists, circulating nurses, Central Sterile Supply, and Intuitive Surgical Inc. representatives. Staff underwent robotics training, and surgical technologists were trained as bedside first assistants. Nontraditional robotic operating rooms were allocated for coordinated placement of appropriate cases, and pre-made case carts were arranged with staff to be available at all hours. A workflow was created between surgical faculty and staff to streamline add-on robotic cases to the daily schedule. Results: Six faculty and two fellows are now credentialed in robotics surgery, and additional surgeons are undergoing training. Numerous staff have completed training to perform operative assistant duties. The operating capacity of robotic acute care surgeries has more than doubled in just one year, from 77 to 172 cases between 2022 and 2023, respectively. Two add-on cases can be accommodated per day. Select patients are being offered robotic surgeries in the acute surgical setting, and ongoing efforts are being made to create guidelines for which patients would best benefit from robotic procedures. Conclusions: Launching a successful robotic surgery program requires a coordinated, multidisciplinary effort to ensure seamless integration into daily operations. Additional assistance from outside technology representatives can help to ensure comfort with procedures. Further studies are needed to determine the acute patient population that may benefit most from robotic surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The frequency and severity of injection-site lesions in the outside round muscles of both beef and dairy cattle were evaluated through a series of audits. Audits were conducted in 2017 on 1,300 rounds from dairy and beef cows from seven locations throughout the United States. Outside round muscles were butterfly cut into 1.25-cm slices and, if present, lesions were counted, measured, and categorized. Rounds from beef (7%) and dairy cattle (15%) had at least one injection-site lesion present. The most common location of injection-site lesions was quadrant 2 and 3, which contained both the biceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles. Injection-site lesions were more frequent (P < 0.05) in the biceps femoris for both beef and dairy rounds. Clear lesions accounted for 57% of injection-sites in both beef and dairy rounds, whereas metallic lesions made up 23% of the total in beef and 25% in dairy. Overall, there was a dramatic decline in the frequency (P < 0.05) of injection-site lesions since the 1998 (24 and 45 percentage units greater in beef and dairy rounds, respectively) and 2000 audits (13 and 20 percentage units greater in beef and dairy rounds, respectively). Educational programs, such as Beef Quality Assurance (BQA) and requirements for BQA training, have resulted in substantial improvements in beef management practices for both the beef and dairy industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]