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Purpose: To apply magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a tool for quantifying muscle volume of forearm muscles feasibility and reliability of volume estimation of the flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) and the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU). Materials and Methods: Forearms of 10 subjects were scanned twice. Muscle volumes were calculated from manual outlines on axial slices, slice thickness, and the number of slices. Observer agreement and repeatability were estimated using intraclass correlation, coefficient of variation, and the smallest detectable difference. Results: The average volume of the FCU and ECU was 31.0 mL (SD 11.5 mL) and 16.4 mL (SD 7.7 mL), respectively. Intraclass correlation coefficients of the volumes were all above 0.99 and the coefficient of variation varied between 5.7% and 0.8%. The smallest detectable difference corresponded to ≈7% of muscle volume. Conclusion: MRI muscle volume measurement of forearm muscles is feasible, reproducible, and allows for longitudinal studies where expected responsiveness exceeds 7%. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2010;31:1252-1255. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]