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To examine the relationship among identification, fan expectations, and sponsorship outcomes, this study examined Alabama and Clemson fan expectations and responses to the NCAA (National Collegiate Athletic Association) football championship game outcome. This case study sought to understand how fans of winning and losing teams evaluated a sporting event's sponsor following the conclusion of an event, positing that highly identified fans would demonstrate a halo effect, and report favorable attitudes toward the sponsoring brand as suggested by previous research. However, there is a lack of theoretical evidence regarding consumer expectations when applied within the context of sport. Thus, using the theoretical framework of identification and expectation violation theory, the authors inquired to what extent the outcome of the game and one's expectations of the outcome influenced their evaluation of the event sponsor. The results support previous research regarding potential halo effects, but also add nuance to earlier work demonstrating that a halo effect is not unilaterally applied for all fans. Given the unpredictable nature of sport and the increasing cost of sponsoring sporting events, these findings help explain the extent to which violations of one's expected outcome affect subsequent evaluations of a sponsor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Violence against women is prevalent both in and outside the sports world, and dozens of professional athletes have been accused, although the reactions and consequences to such accusations are not always the same. This study examines three instances of athletes committing misogynistic violence and the effect that video evidence has on sports media discourse. We look at a wide range of online media sources and print newspaper articles (n = 153) to see how the discourse changes after video evidence has been released publicly. We rely on feminist theory, hegemonic masculinity, and mediated witnessing as theoretical frameworks to conduct a critical discourse analysis. Video evidence of violence against women by athletes alters the way sports journalists cover them by countering hegemonic narratives about responsibility, player value, rehabilitation, and procedure. This study builds on previous scholarship about how evidentiary video can alter the way sports media subjugate women and perpetuate hegemonic masculinity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elite professional athletes in the NBA, NHL, NFL and MLB have all been accused of domestic violence. This occurs in a cultural arena already predicated on patriarchy and capitalism and rife with toxic masculinity, which combine to create traumatic, gendered realities for women sports journalists and violent and exploitative labor norms for athletes. Through a critical discourse analysis of 76 articles from U.S. newspapers, magazines, and online news sites, this study examines the specific case of a 2019 outburst from Houston Astros assistant general manager Brandon Taubman, who directed pointed praise of an Astros player accused of domestic violence at three female sports journalists, one of whom wore a domestic violence awareness bracelet. By examining news coverage of this prominent incident — and the meta-journalistic discourse that permeated it — this study identified three problematic discursive maneuvers through which journalists avoided directly addressing the topic of patriarchy and its influence in this incident and the wider sports industry, while instead prioritizing issues of journalistic credibility and baseball culture and minimizing domestic violence as strategic distraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the energy transition and decarbonization of the industrial sector, one of the main challenges is identifying competitive solutions to capture CO2 from chemical and energy plants to reduce emissions. The reduction of the carbon footprint as well as the valorization of CO2‐rich gases are of increasing interest for many industries and methanol is a perfect fit for energy storage, for producing clean fuels, and as building block for producing high value chemicals. In this article, an update of recent developments by Air Liquide Engineering & Construction regarding methanol technology is provided, focusing on CO2 reduction of large‐scale plants and on new solutions for CO2 utilization. For large‐scale methanol plants, drop‐in solutions using carbon capture technologies can be proposed to dramatically decrease the CO2 emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an analysis of ESPN.com coverage of Colin Kaepernick's protest against social injustice during the national anthem and the related events that transpired following his initial protest. The analysis looks at ESPN.com articles (N = 305) during three time periods throughout the protest saga, ranging from August 2016 until September 2018. Specifically, the analysis aimed to see whether framing of his protest changed over time as well as the extent to which the overall coverage adhered to a well-known concept called the protest paradigm, which is a framework that outlines how journalists typically cover protests. Results showed content only partially adhered to the protest paradigm and was dependent on the topic of the article. However, even in stories not about the protest, paradigm characteristics were still present. This paper shows how a sports outlet like ESPN covers social protests by athletes and the extent to which its coverage adheres to the paradigm, which is usually applied to mass protests. This study adds to a growing body of literature about the protest paradigm in a sports media context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]