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(5) HT ht (6) HT ht (7) HT ht (8) HT ht To be replaced with: Efficiencies and discharge capacity are calculated according to Equations (5)-(8). (4) HT ht To be replaced with: Lastly, the change in weight ( I m i ) was calculated according to Equation (4). [Extracted from the article]

The most important requirements to electrodes for solid oxide fuel cells and similar devices are listed, and it is explained how the requirements usually lead to a composite electrode. Three examples of composite electrodes are described in some details, namely the ceria based hydrogen electrode, the Ni-YSZ cermet anode and the LSM-YSZ. Here YSZ means yttria stabilized zirconia, and LSM is lanthanum strontium manganate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, energy storage technologies are becoming essential in the transition of replacing fossil fuels with more renewable electricity production means. Among storage technologies, redox flow batteries (RFBs) can represent a valid option due to their unique characteristic of decoupling energy storage from power output. To push RFBs further into the market, it is essential to include low-cost materials such as new generation membranes with low ohmic resistance, high transport selectivity, and long durability. This work proposes a composite membrane for vanadium RFBs and a method of preparation. The membrane was prepared starting from two polymers, meta-polybenzimidazole (6 μm) and porous polypropylene (30 μm), through a gluing approach by hot-pressing. In a vanadium RFB, the composite membrane exhibited a high energy efficiency (~84%) and discharge capacity (~90%) with a 99% capacity retention over 90 cycles at 120 mA·cm−2, exceeding commercial Nafion® NR212 (~82% efficiency, capacity drop from 90% to 40%) and Fumasep® FAP-450 (~76% efficiency, capacity drop from 80 to 65%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]