Search

The present review is devoted to the electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasmas. Considering that the electromagnetic wave absorption using the ECR concept has been employed since the 1960s, it becomes obvious that the coverage of the field of the ECR plasma physics, engineering, applications, and prospectives in its entirety would be a utopia in the context of a single report. Thus, the backbone of this work is a meaningful categorization of the wide applications of the ECR plasmas (Secs. III, V, and VI), by citing representative publications. The applications mainly refer to surface processes (etching, deposition, nano-construction, functionalization, cleaning, etc.), biotechnology, thrusters, and ion sources. The text also focuses on the details of different ECR setup designs, as they are tailored for specific projects. At the same time, physical parameters and the pros and cons of the ECR discharges are evaluated. This approach leads to a brief but telling compilation of the state of the art of the ECR-driven plasmas over the last 60 years (mainly 1960–2023) as well as of their prospective aspects. An introductory discussion on the ECR plasma history (Sec. I) and on the fundamental principles of the ECR heating, multipolar confinement, technical aspects, practical setups, and features of ECR plasmas (Sec. II) is given at the early beginning of this work, facilitating, thus, the consideration of the topics that follow. Special attention is paid to the distributed or modular ECR plasmas (Sec. IV) since they may mirror the road map for engineering the future ECR plasma systems. The review is throughout supported by future-proof classic and up-to-date bibliographies to encourage further reading and to fill any information gap that inevitably appears in the present work. It is underlined that the main claims or conclusions of most of the cited works are here reproduced intentionally. In other words, it is the pretension of the present article to become a quick, but pithy, guide on the ECR plasmas and on the results achieved over the last 60 years, for potential readers of different disciplines and various backgrounds. Finally, Sec. VII recaps the present perspective on the ECR plasmas, and it points to the ECR plasma prospectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fourth industrial revolution tempts manufacturing companies to transform into smart factories, which in turn affects the human work. We examine this complexity from the perspective of human factors and ergonomics (HF/E) by analysing the organisational capabilities needed when seeking and selecting new technology solutions, and designing and implementing them into local application. This qualitative study focuses on manufacturing companies that have pioneered adopting high technologies in their processes. Empirical material was collected from 15 Finnish manufacturing companies of different sizes. Particular attention is paid to how HF/E are present when companies (1) sense new opportunities for technological development of their production, (2) seise these opportunities through design actions, and (3) shift the solutions into use. Analyses revealed that companies, regardless of their size and the technology being implemented, do not fully understand the fundamentals and value of HF/E, resulting in technology and production-oriented solutions in which human skills and capabilities are often neglected. A novel road map is proposed for integrating HF/E expertise and knowledge when seeking, selecting, and utilising new production technologies. This study increases understanding of the role of HF/E when adopting new technologies in manufacturing. The road map improves possibilities for fact-based decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to reflect on the future of work dimensions through the new concept of inclusive organizational behaviour (IOB) and its practices. Design/methodology/approach: This work is a reflective concept development paper that focuses on new dimensions of organizational behaviour (OB) exploring IOB practices in the new workplace which can broaden the concept of OB that fits into the future of work. Findings: The IOB practices will adapt and help in adapting to the new work dynamics that can create more humane and stimulating workplaces, thereby benefiting society at large. Individual positive psychological traits, team dynamics and a fusion of digital corporate culture with a human-centric approach and sustainability are highlighted in the redefined IOB, expanding the concept of OB from the three levels of analysis (individual, group and the entire organization's behaviour) in the new normal post-COVID situation. Research limitations/implications: Limited research studies are being conducted to investigate the future of work dynamics in the new standard post-COVID environment, which is dominated by digitization. The lack of literature and the changing situations that impact OB are the limitations. Practical implications: Corporate houses, policymakers and leaders who understand the workplace dynamics in the post-COVID scenario can effectively leverage the insights from this work and may chalk out a road map for future work through IOB practices. Originality/value: This research extends knowledge pertaining to IOB practices and the changing dynamics that need to be followed in the future OB practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracting high-precision road networks from remote sensing images is of great significance for optimizing urban spatial layout, improving urban traffic efficiency, and improving residents' travel conditions. However, factors such as occlusions, shadows, and complex backgrounds bring some challenges to road extraction, and existing methods often produce incomplete and incoherent road extraction results, with accuracy and generalization ability to be improved. Based on the in-depth understanding of road shape characteristics, a Multi-scale Detail Enhancement Network (MSDE-Net) is proposed to improve the continuity and accuracy of remote sensing road extraction. MSDE-Net uses the Multi-Scale Convolution (MSConv) module to construct the encoder decoder structure, which can simultaneously focus on the local and global multi-scale information of the image. Secondly, to improve the accuracy of segmentation results, Cross Block is introduced to integrate information across spatial scales and to enhance the network's ability to understand the context; Finally, to improve the continuity of the road segmentation, an edge enhancement (DE block) module is embedded to strengthen the network's focus on thin and weak feature structures. The experimental results show that the mIoU of MSDE-Net on CHN6-CUG, DeepGlobe, and Massachusetts datasets reaches 80.08%, 81.26%, and 78.91%, respectively, which provides better performance compared with other mainstream image segmentation networks and recently proposed road extraction networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider wave maps from the (1 + d) -dimensional Minkowski space into the d-sphere. It is known from the work of Bizoń and Biernat (Commun Math Phys 338(3): 1443–1450, 2015) that in the energy-supercritical case, i.e., for d ≥ 3 , this model admits a closed-form corotational self-similar blowup solution. We show that this blowup profile is globally nonlinearly stable for all d ≥ 3 , thereby verifying a perturbative version of the conjecture posed in Bizoń and Biernat (Commun Math Phys 338(3): 1443–1450, 2015) about the generic large data blowup behavior for this model. To accomplish this, we develop a novel stability analysis approach based on similarity variables posed on the whole space R d . As a result, we draw a general road map for studying spatially global stability of self-similar blowup profiles for nonlinear wave equations in the radial case for arbitrary dimension d ≥ 3 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The grand challenge of sustainable development, increased demands for resilient critical infrastructure systems, and cost efficiency calls for thinking and acting "out of the box". We must strive to search for, identify, and utilize new and emerging technologies and new combinations of existing technologies that have the potential to improve present best practices. In integrity management of, e.g., bridge, offshore, and marine structures, relatively new technologies have shown substantial potentials for improvements that not least concern structural health monitoring (SHM), digital twin (DT)-based structural and mechanical modeling, and risk-based inspection (RBI) and maintenance planning (RBI). The motivation for the present paper is to investigate and document to what extent such technologies in isolation or jointly might have the potential to improve best practices for integrity management of offshore wind turbine structures. In this pursuit, the present paper conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis to explore the current landscape of advanced technologies within the offshore wind turbine industry suitable for integrity management. It examines the integration of these technologies into future best practices, taking into account normative factors like risk, resilience, and sustainability. Through this analysis, the study sheds light on current research trends and the degree to which normative considerations influence the application of RBI, SHM, and DT, either individually or in combination. This paper outlines the methodology used in the bibliometric study, including database selection and search term criteria. The results are presented through graphical representations and summarized key findings, offering valuable insights to inform and enhance industry practices. These key findings are condensed into a road map for future research and development, aimed at improving current best practices by defining a series of projects to be undertaken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Japan, the decline in the number of agricultural workers and the aging of the workforce are problems, and there is a demand for more efficient and labor-saving work. Furthermore, in order to correct the rising price of fertilizer and the increasing burden on the environment caused by fertilizer, there is a demand for more efficient fertilization. Therefore, we aim to develop an electric soil sampling robot that can run autonomously using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) information. GNSS and the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) are used as navigation sensors. The work machine is a crawler type that reduces soil compaction. In addition, a route map was generated in advance using the coordinate values of the field, with soil sampling positions set at 10 m intervals. In the experiment, the robot traveled along the route map and stopped automatically. The standard deviation of the standard deviation of lateral error was about 0.032 m, and the standard deviation of the interval between soil sampling positions was also less than 0.05 m. Therefore, it can be said that the accuracy is sufficient for soil sampling. It can also be said that even higher density sampling is possible by setting the intervals for soil sampling at finer intervals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the emphasis on community-oriented capacities as one of the important approaches to the resilience of societies in crisis conditions has attracted the attention of many experts and researchers. Therefore, the present research was conducted with the aim of identifying factors affecting resilience based on community-oriented capacities in crisis conditions and providing a model in this field using the meta-synthesis method. Introduction Today, societies have been exposed to different types of crises, each of which has brought unfortunate consequences to societies, including threats to human health and security, destruction of resources and biological facilities, and people's activity centers (Sajadi, 2019). Therefore, nowadays, mainly the view that exists towards crisis management is to increase "resilience" in the face of various crises (Rafieiyan et al., 2011). On the other hand, experiences from crisis management in different societies show that governments alone are not able to increase the resilience of societies in crisis situations, and individual and group participation in these situations is mandatory and very effective in increasing their resilience. On the other hand, experiences from crisis management in different societies show that governments alone are not able to increase the resilience of societies in crisis situations, and individual and group participation in these situations is mandatory and very effective in increasing their resilience. (Motahari & Rafieiyan, 2016). Therefore, strategies to increase the resilience of societies are changing. In this change and evolution of the view towards resilience, the "state-oriented" and "centralist" view, which tries to formulate and implement strategies from the top down, has been replaced by a "community-oriented" view that relies on attracting participation. public and social data (Ghorbani et al., 2017). But in Iran, the evidence indicates that this change of approach and outlook has not yet happened in the country, and currently the government-oriented approach is trying to formulate and implement centralized and downward strategies to increase resilience in crisis situations. In addition, few studies have been conducted in the field of identifying and explaining factors affecting resilience based on community-oriented capacities in crisis conditions in our country; So far, a comprehensive model has not been presented as a road map for the country's crisis management managers. Therefore, the current research seeks to identify the factors affecting resilience based on community-oriented capacities in crisis situations using the meta-synthesis method and finally presenting a model in this field. Case study The statistical population of this research includes all articles published in domestic and foreign scientific databases between 2000 and 2023, and finally 56 studies that were closely related to the subject under study were selected as a sample. Materials and Methods The research is of an applied type with an exploratory nature, in order to collect data, a meta-synthesis method was used. The analysis of the texts was also done based on the content analysis and the dimensions and codes of the desired pattern were extracted. Discussion and Results Based on the analyzes carried out with the help of content analysis method on the 56 final selected researches, a total number of 3 categories, 18 concepts and 66 indicators as effective factors on resilience based on community-oriented capacities in crisis conditions were discovered in this research. and were tagged. Conclusion According to the studies conducted in this field and also according to the extraction of 66 indicators through the application of meta-synthesis method, it was determined that the effective factors to increase resilience in crisis situations, which are based on community-oriented capacities, are in three categories of organizational factors., group factors and individual factors are placed, and the use of these factors in the country's crisis conditions can provide a suitable basis for reducing the incidence of negative consequences caused by it. Further, the findings of the research showed that 7 components of the institutional platform, institutional governance, institutional performance, financial and physical resource management, human resource management and information management in the form of organizational factors; 6 components of common valuation, social infrastructure, collective action and participation, social capital, acculturation and social cohesion in the form of group factors; And 5 components of knowledge, skill, awareness, attitude and capacity and ability in the form of individual factors formed the foundations of the model of factors affecting resilience based on community-oriented capacities in crisis conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Afak of Science Journal / Āfāq li-l-ՙulūm is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ammonia (NH3) is gaining recognition as a viable "green" transportation fuel due to its zero-carbon characteristic, its high energy density and its widespread availability. However, NH3 has a high auto-ignition temperature, resulting in potential emissions of NOx and unburned NH3. Addressing combustion challenges requires innovative solutions, such as the application of combustion promoters to enhance NH3 combustibility. This review article focuses on the compatibility of NH3 as a fuel for spark-ignition (SI) engines, examining its combustion under various modes including pure NH3 combustion, gasoline blends, NH3/hydrogen (H2) blends, and NH3/natural gas blends in single or dual-fuel configurations. The formation of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and slip-NH3 is explored to understand emissions species such as NO and N2O. Additionally, the article highlights the limitations of NH3 as a fuel for SI combustion. The comprehensive discussion provided in this review aims to fill a critical gap in the literature regarding NH3's feasibility as a zero-carbon fuel for SI engines, particularly in the maritime sector. By offering insights into NH3 combustion characteristics and emissions profiles, the article seeks to provide a roadmap for leveraging NH3 as a suitable non-carbon fuel to decarbonize the marine sector and advance global sustainability goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The nature of construction works has a negative impact on physical, mental and emotional well-being and makes it difficult for the construction industry to attack and retain its workforce. The current study seeks to integrate the current knowledge focused on work–life balance (WLB) in the industry into an understandable whole. Design/methodology/approach: An interpretivist philosophical approach was adopted using a bibliometric review and a narrative review of existing studies from both Scopus and Google databases. The Visualisation of Similarities viewer (VOSviewer) was used to prepare co-occurrence maps from the bibliographic data garnered. Findings: The study reveals that the prominent factors influencing the WLB of the construction workforce are organizational culture, salary earned, heavy workload, long working hours and inflexible working time. The recent WLB discourse is on organisational commitment, job satisfaction and workplace dynamics. While WLB areas for further exploration are job stress, safety performance, employee attrition and an ageing workforce. Meanwhile, Africa and South America are still lagging in WLB research. Practical implications: The findings reported here will assist stakeholders in identifying appropriate WLB initiatives that can be used to improve the well-being of the construction workforce. Also, the gaps in knowledge for further research were highlighted. Originality/value: The findings reveal current trends and a road map for future studies on WLB in construction. It also reveals prominent factors influencing the WLB of workers in the construction industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid probabilistic road map (PRM) path planning algorithm based on historical automatic identification system (AIS) information and Douglas–Peucker (DP) compression is proposed to address the issues of low path quality and the need for extensive sampling in the traditional PRM algorithm. This innovative approach significantly reduces the number of required samples and decreases path planning time. The process begins with the collection of historical AIS data from the autonomous vessel's navigation area, followed by comprehensive data-cleaning procedures to eliminate invalid and incomplete records. Subsequently, an enhanced DP compression algorithm is employed to streamline the cleaned AIS data, minimizing waypoint data while retaining essential trajectory characteristics. Intersection points among various vessel trajectories are then calculated, and these points, along with the compressed AIS data, form the foundational dataset for path searching. Building upon the traditional PRM framework, the proposed hybrid PRM algorithm integrates the B-spline algorithm to smooth and optimize the generated paths. Comparative experiments conducted against the standard PRM algorithm, A*, and Dijkstra algorithms demonstrate that the hybrid PRM approach not only reduces planning time but also achieves superior path smoothness. These improvements enhance both the efficiency and accuracy of path planning for maritime autonomous surface ships (MASS), marking a significant advancement in autonomous maritime navigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To combat climate change, the world is witnessing a rapid transition phase from fossil fuels to renewables. In this transition, India's aspiration to emerge as a climate leader by declaring ambitious nationally determined contributions and spearheading climate negotiations as a leader of developing countries is praiseworthy and should be complemented by a significant energy transition by all governments, semigovernments, and corporates. The major government organizations, such as railways and the National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC), have declared a road map for achieving carbon neutrality. This situation compels the Indian armed forces to think in what manner their climate-positive actions could reduce their carbon footprint, which could help in accelerating carbon neutrality in India. This paper critically highlights the transition measures that are being adopted by leading world militaries and studies the feasibility of the decarbonization of military transport in the Indian scenario. In addition, without touching on any sensitive security issues, it broadly evaluates emissions from the military transport sector using an econometric approach. This paper further evaluates the feasibility of energy transition in the transportation sector using cost–benefit (CBA) and multicriteria analyses (MCA). The findings of this paper indicate that hydrogen fuel cell technology presents a more viable, environmentally sustainable, and cost-effective option for the Indian military's decarbonization efforts compared with electric vehicles (EVs). This conclusion is drawn based on the proposed green technologies, CBA, and MCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co-opetition is gaining increasing attention as a potentially useful form of inter-organisational collaboration model to improve firms' sustainable performance. However, limited previous studies have provided a clear substantive theory or offered empirical evidence for the process of sustainability-driven co-opetition. This paper explores how competing companies can collaborate in their supply chains (SCs) to achieve a higher level of sustainability performance by identifying drivers, facilitators and barriers of co-opetition. Based on two explorative case studies of co-opetition in the UK, the findings of this paper lead to a number of propositions and a theoretical framework for sustainability-driven co-opetition in SCs. This study contributes to the literature by providing a more in-depth understanding of co-opetition as a strategic capability for firms. This paper also proves the feasibility of a combined use of Resource-Based View and Network Theory perspectives in explaining a paradoxical inter-organisational relationship like co-opetition. A road map for sustainability-driven co-opetition in SCs is also provided as a heuristic decision model for practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disease networks offer a potential road map of connections between diseases. Several studies have created disease networks where diseases are connected either based on shared genes or Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) associations. However, it is still unclear to which degree SNP-based networks map to empirical, co-observed diseases within a different, general, adult study population spanning over a long time period. We created a SNP-based phenome-wide association network (PheNet) from a large population using the UK biobank phenome-wide association studies. Importantly, the SNP-associations are unbiased towards much studied diseases, adjusted for linkage disequilibrium, case/control imbalances, as well as relatedness. We map the PheNet to significantly co-occurring diseases in the Norwegian HUNT study population, and further, identify consecutively occurring diseases with significant ordering in occurrence, independent of age and gender in the PheNet. Our analysis reveals an overlap far larger than expected by chance between the two disease networks, with diseases typically connecting within their own category. Upon examining the sequential occurrence of diseases in the HUNT dataset, we find a giant component consisting of mostly cardiovascular disorders. This allows us to identify sequentially occurring diseases that are genetically linked and co-occur frequently, while also highlighting non-sequential diseases. Furthermore, we observe that survivors of severe cardiovascular diseases subsequently often face less severe conditions, but with a reduced time until their next fatal illness. The HUNT sub-PheNet showing both genetically and co-observed diseases offers an interesting framework to study groups of diseases and examine if they, in fact, are comorbidities. We find that the HUNT sub-PheNet offers the possibility to pinpoint exactly which mutation(s) constitute shared cause of the diseases. This could be of great benefit to both researchers and clinicians studying relationships between diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has inherited and developed Iring Fetscher's (1978) concept of ecological civilization. Cultural research on the ecological civilization of Chinese society helps choose a road map for late-developing countries. The postmodern society upholds multiculturalism, and the Chinese context makes it logically possible for China to form a culture different from the Western culture, which is the birthplace of ecological civilization. The concept of the living community between man and nature, which is composed of the special ancient local knowledge represented by the natural worldview, the heaven-human unity and the heaven-human induction, and the innovative modern ecological research represented by the socio-economic-natural complex ecosystem, is the cultural context of China. The new pattern of land and space development is based on spatial heterogeneity and the parallel development model is based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of Chinese-style modernization, which is the situational context of China. The Chinese context of ecological civilization overcomes the limitations revealed by multiculturalism in Western social practice and also prevents the risk of cultural relativism slipping into cultural conservatism. China's case reflects a different context from Western culture, which not only makes irreplaceable contributions to the global ecological civilization in practice but also proves that multiculturalism transcends Western centrism, and provides different road map choices for the ecological civilization construction of late-developing countries. Article highlights: The current construction of ecological civilization in China is a whole new stage in the context of multiculturalism. It has a cultural context with specific local knowledge and situational context with geographical factors and Chinese-style modernization. The limitations of multiculturalism in its birthplace (US) and the duality of cultural relativism have been surpassed by it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method of improving road traffic safety that implies constructing a route bypassing obstacles identified on a road map (graph) is considered on the example of Moscow, Russia. The obstacles are the edges of the road graph containing a statistically significant number of road traffic accidents (RTA). To check the routing efficiency, the indicator proposed by the authors earlier—the relative risk ratio—is used that equals the ratio of the number of RTA along the route with the obstacles taken into account to the number of RTA counted along the original route constructed without the obstacles taken into account. Avoiding obstacles is shown to help reduce the relative risk ratio by 9–31% (depending on the length of the original route) by increasing the average length of the route by 6–11% and increasing the average number of traversable vertices of the road graph by 6-28%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present here a novel methodology to analyze data from two‐level factorial experimental designs, with or without missing runs, with just one method: partial least squares regression with one response variable (PLS1, hereinafter PLS). This property is very attractive for practitioners because, to the best of our knowledge, no other statistical tool has comparable versatility. In the case of a full and fractional factorial design, the one‐PLS component model yields the same analytical solution as multiple linear regression (MLR), not only in the estimation of the effects but also in their statistical significance. When having missing runs in the factorial design, PLS is of particular interest as it is a powerful tool when dealing with complex correlation structures, as opposed to MLR. Thus, we challenge the widely held view that PLS is useful only when dealing with nonexperimental design (i.e., correlated observational data). The methodology is illustrated by two illustrative examples and synthesized by an easy‐to‐follow route map useful for practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an exploration of the intersection between management, artificial intelligence (AI), and occupational health and safety (OHS), delving into the evolution of safety systems and the integration of advanced technologies. To address the barriers to AI adoption in OHS and maximize the benefits of AI integration, the article proposes an AI Adoption Roadmap for OHS, delineating phases for assessment, planning, implementation, monitoring, continuous improvement, and the establishment of a data-driven safety culture. By embracing AI-driven solutions and fostering a culture of innovation and collaboration, organizations can proactively address safety challenges and cultivate safer, healthier work environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cukurova University Faculty of Education Journal / Çukurova Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Cukurova University, Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Umm Al-Qura University Journal of Engineering & Architecture (Springer Nature) is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Traditional handicrafts are vital to preserving ritualistic belief systems that promote their members' wellbeing and honor the legacy of their ancestors. One such traditional handicraft is Karnataka's 'Kinhal' crafts--popular wooden craft products. Lately, it is on the verge of dying. This qualitative research focuses on Kinhal craft's essence, crafting procedure, legacy, and value. It proposes an entrepreneurship sustenance model, which explains the essential aspects that allow the craft to continue its legacy for generations. Using the sustenance model, the study recommends strategies to artisans and the government to promote traditional handicraft entrepreneurship and help revive the languishing Kinhal craft. The revival strategies can serve as a road map to restore this unique craft and also other endangered crafts. The study also offers valuable insights for artisan entrepreneurs and tourism professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although, arguably, the origins of social work in the UK have been closely aligned to community development in the past few decades, social work has occupied a bureaucratic landscape focusing primarily on individual risks and needs, leading to both fields drifting further apart. Dismantling of shared values and practices was fueled by layers of government policy and legislation, driven by a neoliberal agenda and public management reforms. However, a horizon of hope emerged when university staff in Social Work and Community Development Departments in Northern Ireland were approached to examine the need to reintroduce community development principles and practices into social work training. This paper aims to trace the development of a post-graduate diploma in community development approaches for professional social workers and analyses research that explores community development as the essence of social work. The programme was developed through a synergistic partnership between university, health trusts and the professional awarding body. Tracking 4 years of programme delivery, the paper highlights the effectiveness of, and learning from, collaboration between the two professions at strategic, technical, and operational levels. We posit here well-learned lessons for future collaborations and make recommendations providing a route map to mainstreaming community development in social work practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article "Mapping as a Performative Mode of Intervening" by Dagmar Pelger explores the role of mapping in intervening in urban spaces through representation. By examining the relationship between spatial knowledge, ownership structures, and everyday life in Oranienstraße, Berlin, the article highlights the impact of property ownership on gentrification and displacement. Through a collaborative mapping process involving local stakeholders, the article demonstrates how mapping can empower communities to understand and negotiate spatial dynamics, challenging power structures and advocating for inclusive urban planning practices. The article emphasizes the transformative potential of mapping as a tool for collective knowledge production and spatial intervention, offering insights into the complex interplay between representation, practice, and lived space in urban environments. [Extracted from the article]

This paper aims to perform a hybrid study with a focus on empirical modeling (EM) and its applications in sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) concepts using bibliometric, network, thematic, and content analyses. The outcomes provide a viewpoint on literature categorization and several innovative insights and perspectives into contemporary research trends in this field. The review is undertaken using 2192 out of more than 24,000 research papers that are extracted and sifted from the Scopus and WoS databases. The results indicate an annual growth rate of 17.65% for the subject under consideration, which holds considerable significance and portends a promising outlook for the field. Seven clusters of papers are identified: (1) SSCM and design using versatile empirical approaches; (2) socially and environmentally responsible SCM and design; (3) new theories and impacts of SSCM integration; (4) data science, predictive analytics, and big data for SC sustainability; (5) closed loop SC roles in bringing sustainability; (6) SSCM during disasters with respect to humanitarian aspects; and (7) linkages between Industry 5.0, digital technologies, circular economy, and SSCM. In this review, fundamental ideas are established, research gaps are identified, and multiple future research subjects are proposed. In addition, important topics are presented for managers and practitioners to consider when adopting EM principles in SSCM. The results contribute to both theoretical and practical management elements and give a solid road map for future study in this sector. This study provides an overview of the evolution of EM and its applications in SSCM concepts; it also particularly elaborates on general pertinent research dimensions, SSCM, sustainability practices, and EM aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of the Faculty of Political Science / Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi Dergisi is the property of Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of The Faculty of Political Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Marine transportation has become a vital element of global trade, connecting commercial hubs around the world via low-cost sea routes. Its impact is increased by the environmental concerns raised by the associated maritime traffic, which necessitates a comprehensive and efficient method to resolving these worries. A vessel follows a predefined course and departs from the home port on a scheduled basis in order to reach its destination. It carries out loading and unloading operations at the allocated berth and crane during the tour. In order to conserve schedule, the vessel needs to navigate the route at the optimal speed, which is influenced by a number of factors including fuel consumption and vessel weight. This study used a novel model to generate a vessel schedule and route map for Iran's Shahid Rajaei Port in the Persian Gulf. The data suggest that the port can manage ten vessels at a time and has two cranes for loading and unloading each vessel. In addition, we carried out a sensitivity analysis on key components of our proposed model, including fuel costs, vessel weight, load-carrying capacity, and arrival/departure delays. The keys findings are as: higher arrival/departure costs result in shorter delays; higher fuel costs have a negative impact on the objective function; lower vessel weight results in better fuel efficiency; and higher vessel load-carrying capacity is coupled with higher fuel costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In pursuit of carbon free future, Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) are pioneering Dual Energy Electric Vehicles (DE-EVs) aimed at achieving net-zero emissions. DE- EVs integrate hydrogen and solar energy as primary and secondary sources, respectively, to revolutionize road freight electrification. This innovative dual energy model enhances operational efficiency, reduces emissions, and extends driving range. The hydrogen fuel cell stack ensures extended range and rapid refueling, while solar panels provide supplementary electricity during daylight. Key components include the hydrogen fuel cell stack, solar photovoltaic (SPV) system, an energy management system, and a battery storage unit. The energy management system dynamically switches between hydrogen and solar energy based on availability, driving conditions, and demand, optimizing performance and fuel economy. Hardware results demonstrate significant reductions in fossil fuel dependency and environmental impact. This paper also addresses the challenges of hydrogen storage and infrastructure, underscoring the potential of DE- EVs for sustainable, next-generation electric mobility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Phase change properties of clothing gain attention of the researcher now for their significant unique ability to absorb, release, store, and deposit temperature during phase transition. Phase change materials have been widely used and utilized now in various fields, as well as in textiles. In apparel products, phase change materials are used to introduce various special features, especially its make garments smart or have technical functions. Various researchers pay attention to this area for its large organic and inorganic resources. This review paper summarizes the road map of phase change materials in textiles, including the way of synthesis, the characteristics of phase change materials, and their applications in smart textiles. In addition, the diverse usage of phase change materials in different textiles is discussed. It also tries to cover the principles of phase change behavior, phase change material types, and their thermal properties. After that, the paper will try to mention the potential benefits and challenges associated with utilizing phase change materials in various applications that have been discussed here. Finally, this paper concludes with the mass acceptance of phase change materials in various technological advancements, along with a short note about future research opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaria is preventable, but the burden of disease remains high with over 249 million cases and 608,000 deaths reported in 2022. Historically, the most important protective interventions have been vector control and chemopreventive medicines with over 50 million children receiving seasonal malaria chemoprevention in the year 2023. Two vaccines are approved and starting to be deployed, bringing additional protection for children up to 36 months. However, the impact of these currently available tools is somewhat limited on various fronts. Vaccines exhibit partial efficacy, are relatively costly, and not accessible in all settings. The challenges encountered with chemoprevention are barriers to acceptability and feasibility, including frequency of dosing, and the lack of options in the first trimester of pregnancy and for women living with HIV. Also, the emergence of resistance against chemopreventive medicines is concerning. To address these limitations, a target product profile (TPP) is proposed as a road map to guide innovation and to boost the quest for novel chemopreventive alternatives. This TPP describes the ideal product attributes, while acknowledging potential trade-offs that may be needed. Critically, it considers the target populations most at risk; primarily infants, children, and pregnant women. Malaria control and elimination requires appropriate chemoprevention, not only in areas of high endemicity and transmission, but also in lower transmission areas where immunity is declining, as well as for travellers from areas where malaria has been eliminated. New medicines should show acceptable safety and tolerability, with high and long protective efficacy. Formulations and costs need to support operational adherence, access, and effectiveness. Next generation long-acting oral and injectable drugs are likely to constitute the backbone of malaria prevention. Therefore, the perspectives of front-line experts in malaria prevention, researchers, and those involved in drug development are captured in the TPP. This inclusive approach aims at concentrating efforts and aligning responses across the community to develop new and transformative medicines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The current study intends to synthesise the prior studies on employability skills among work-ready professionals in higher education through bibliometric and network visualisation tools. This study also identifies the gaps in the existing literature that still need to be filled and maps the course for future investigation. Design/methodology/approach: The current study examined research papers on employability skills among work-ready professionals in higher education to evaluate global patterns and the top authors, institutions, journals, and nations contributing to this field. The authors analysed eight hundred eighty-five papers from the Scopus database between 1982 and 2023 for the study. Open-source bibliometric tools like Biblioshiny were used in the study to examine the body of literature and to spot new directions for future research. Findings: The study's findings indicate that since 2008, researchers, academics, and policymakers have paid more attention to employability skills among work-ready professionals, and 2019 is the year seeing the highest no. of publications. Across the globe, 2077 authors contributed to the articles, papers, and journals published in the particular domain. Regarding location, the United Kingdom is the world's most productive nation, with 342 articles produced. Similarly, Australia, India, and Malaysia are the leading nations that have contributed to the field. Both keywords significantly contribute to scientific knowledge. Practical implications: The gaps in this study will serve as a reference point for researchers conducting future studies in this field. Additionally, the result of this analysis offers a roadmap for higher education to enhance graduate employability by embedding necessary skills into them. Originality/value: There has not been a bibliometric analysis concerning employability skills among Work-ready professionals in the existing literature; hence, this article is innovative. This study is the first attempt at integrating the concept. The study also gives an overview of potential directions for future research in this discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Departing from the conventional understanding that metaphor is merely a component of rhetorical and poetic expression, the Theory of Conceptual Metaphor provides linguistic evidence that metaphor plays a crucial role in creating new specialized vocabulary. The present study attempts to apply the Conceptual Metaphor Theory to analyze the metaphor BUSINESS IS A JOURNEY in nominating business terminology. The corpus of the study comprises 179 metaphorical business terms collected from business dictionaries and textbooks. It is discovered in the study that certain attributes of the "journey" source domain are mapped onto those of the "business" target domain, resulting in four derivative metaphors in business terms, namely companies are conventionally viewed as travelers, business tools are metaphorically described as vehicles, business growth is conceptually viewed as the roadmap and distance covered, and business challenges are metaphorically described as obstacles encountered. The research findings highlight metaphorization as an effective method of business term nomination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through the lens of Membership Categorization Analysis, this study explicates the process of discursive categorization in courtroom opening and closing statements, focusing on the use of mundane categories as well as associated activities to negotiate the legal facticity of a criminal offense. Based on the official transcripts of a high-profile Anglo-American trial, the study reveals that much of what constitutes the opening and closing is the dispute over the categorization of the main characters in legal narratives, which at times provides conflicting information to fact-finders. The two sides are found to deploy explicit and implicit categorizations. However, instead of using oppositional categories, the two sides commonly make use of different membership categorization devices. This alternation of devices supplants and replaces each other, so that two versions of realities are discursively constructed. Such strategic categorization enables lawyers to go beyond offering a road map of the case in the opening and emphasizing key evidence in the closing: everyday categories smuggle in moral evaluation and make an emotional appeal to the jurors, which in principle are legally prohibited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The understanding and treatment of prearthritic hip disease has evolved remarkably over the past 20 years. The principal investigator and the multicenter Academic Network of Conservational Hip Outcomes Research (ANCHOR) group have had a key role in improving the quality of care for these patients suffering from the three most common prearthritic conditions: femoroacetabular impingement, developmental dysplasia of the hip, and residual Legg‐Calve‐Perthes Disease. We aim to demonstrate that based on the six quality of care dimensions as defined by Donabedian, our 20‐year academic journey has markedly improved the quality of care for young patients with prearthritic hip disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaria is preventable, but the burden of disease remains high with over 249 million cases and 608,000 deaths reported in 2022. Historically, the most important protective interventions have been vector control and chemopreventive medicines with over 50 million children receiving seasonal malaria chemoprevention in the year 2023. Two vaccines are approved and starting to be deployed, bringing additional protection for children up to 36 months. However, the impact of these currently available tools is somewhat limited on various fronts. Vaccines exhibit partial efficacy, are relatively costly, and not accessible in all settings. The challenges encountered with chemoprevention are barriers to acceptability and feasibility, including frequency of dosing, and the lack of options in the first trimester of pregnancy and for women living with HIV. Also, the emergence of resistance against chemopreventive medicines is concerning. To address these limitations, a target product profile (TPP) is proposed as a road map to guide innovation and to boost the quest for novel chemopreventive alternatives. This TPP describes the ideal product attributes, while acknowledging potential trade-offs that may be needed. Critically, it considers the target populations most at risk; primarily infants, children, and pregnant women. Malaria control and elimination requires appropriate chemoprevention, not only in areas of high endemicity and transmission, but also in lower transmission areas where immunity is declining, as well as for travellers from areas where malaria has been eliminated. New medicines should show acceptable safety and tolerability, with high and long protective efficacy. Formulations and costs need to support operational adherence, access, and effectiveness. Next generation long-acting oral and injectable drugs are likely to constitute the backbone of malaria prevention. Therefore, the perspectives of front-line experts in malaria prevention, researchers, and those involved in drug development are captured in the TPP. This inclusive approach aims at concentrating efforts and aligning responses across the community to develop new and transformative medicines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chromoblastomycosis, an implantation mycosis, is a neglected tropical disease that causes decreased quality of life, stigma, and disability. The global burden of disease is unknown and data on disease epidemiology and outcomes are severely limited by a lack of access to needed diagnostic tools and therapeutics. The World Health Organization outlined targets for chromoblastomycosis in the Road Map for Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021–2030, but little progress has been made in initiating and implementing an effective control program globally. This lack of guiding policy and progress led to the recent formation of a Global Chromoblastomycosis Working Group which has developed a global chromoblastomycosis strategy. We describe this strategy, which outlines specific steps needed to improve technical progress, strategy and service delivery, and enablers. Clinicians, researchers, public and government officials, patients, and policy makers can align their time, expertise, and resources to improve the lives of communities affected by chromoblastomycosis through this strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strongyloidiasis is a neglected tropical disease estimated to affect more than 600 million people worldwide. Recently, the World Health Organization road map on neglected tropical diseases 2021–2030 has put the focus on strongyloidiasis, including this disease within its mass drug administration campaigns. With the use of ivermectin in extensive treatment of all populations at-risk, identifying effective therapeutic alternatives is crucial in case ivermectin resistance arises. The objective of the present study was the development of a larval migration inhibition assay to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of commercial drugs and diamine and aminoalcohol derivatives against infective Strongyloides ratti third stage larvae. Through this technique, we successfully screened and estimated the in vitro anthelmintic efficacy of six commercial drugs, seven diamine derivatives and eight aminoalcohol derivatives. Unexpectedly, the half-maximal effective concentration of ivermectin and moxidectin (2.21 and 2.34 μM, respectively) were observed as the highest value obtained among all commercial drugs tested by this in vitro technique. Moreover, some diamine and aminoalcohol derivatives showed superior efficacy inhibiting S. ratti motility compared to ivermectin, with five compounds (AA23, AA34, AO2 AO7 and AO14b) also displaying selectivity indexes on HepG2 and Caco2 higher than 1. These findings underscore the potential of these derivatives as promising alternatives for strongyloidiasis treatment, warranting further investigation and in vivo efficacy assessment. Author summary: Strongyloidiasis, a parasitic infection affecting over 600 million people worldwide, is increasingly recognized in global health initiatives. Caused by the nematode Strongyloides stercoralis, it predominantly occurs in tropical and subtropical regions. Transmission results through contact with soil contaminated by infectious larvae, leading to a spectrum of clinical symptoms from mild gastrointestinal discomfort to potentially life-threatening complications, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems. Despite its designation as a neglected tropical disease, concerns regarding the development of drug resistance highlight the need to explore alternative treatment strategies. In our study, we employed innovative methods to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of various drug candidates against Strongyloides ratti larvae, representing a crucial step in identifying novel therapies for human strongyloidiasis. Our findings revealed that some of the novel compounds tested, showed superior efficacy in inhibiting parasite motility, suggesting potential benefits for patient treatment outcomes. Our study underscores the urgent need for diversified treatment approaches in combating strongyloidiasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-conflict separated parents (HCSPs) refer to parents who are divorced or separated and are engaged in ongoing conflict. While a large percentage of married couples conclude with divorce and subsequently engage in extended conflict, there is a lack of clinical research and training for therapists aspiring to address this population. As such, this article provides an overview of HCSPs, a framework to understand risk factors associated with high-conflict families, and reviews short-term and long-term negative effects on children and families. This paper also discusses therapeutic intervention strategies known in the literature and predictors of treatment success. Individual therapy, family therapy, group therapy, and parenting coordination strategies are also discussed. Additionally, clinical guidelines and practical tools are shared, as a way to provide structure during what can be a fluid and complex experience. Intervention pathways are described in detail from assessment to intervention to resolution. A case example, based on clinical experience, is also used to illustrate to early-career therapists how one may navigate a case. A review of the literature highlights the need for increased research and training for therapists encountering this complicated and understudied population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Co-speech hand gestures offer a rich avenue for research into studying emotion communication because they serve as both prominent expressive bodily cues and an integral part of language. Despite such a strategic relevance, gesture-speech integration and interaction have received less research focus on its emotional function compared to its cognitive function. This review aims to shed light on the current state of the field regarding the interplay between co-speech hand gestures and emotions, focusing specifically on the role of gestures in expressing and understanding both others' and one's own emotions. The article concludes by addressing current limitations in the field and proposing future directions for researchers investigating gesture-emotion interaction. Our goal is to provide a roadmap to researchers in their exploration of the role of gestures in emotions, ultimately contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of how gestures and emotions intersect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Methods in Ecology & Evolution is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)