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The azeotropic mixture of R600 and R134 is created in R600 with R30 concentrations of 0%, 20%, 45%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. These are utilized in refrigeration units with changing flow while keeping the other parameters constant. Higher refrigerant mixture flow enhances the heat transfer at the price of increased work consumption, causing reduction in Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the refrigerant unit. Reduction in COP is not recommended and the work utilization for a good refrigeration unit should be at minimum. The coefficient of heat transfer, mass flow, rate of heat transfer and change in pressure for different coils were calculated using a CFD simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric vehicles (EVs) are rapidly evolving and gaining popularity as a result of their zero emissions and high tank-to-wheels efficiency. However, various constraints, such as battery performance, cost, lifetime, and safety, are limiting the development of the electric vehicle (EV). As a result, battery management is required to achieve maximum performance when running in a variety of settings. The Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) is critical to the battery's thermal management behavior. In today's generation the use of electric vehicle is increasing day by day so these electric vehicles run on the EV batteries. So the thermal management of electrical vehicle battery should be implemented for utilization of battery with high efficiency. On implementation of this BTMS, the rate of the energy dissipation increases so efficiency of battery increases, the battery life increases which cause increase in the vehicle performance. The charge cycles are reduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Go-Kart is a little four-wheeled, non-supported car. It is a low driven car, mostly used for competition. The purpose of this paper is to model and analyze the Go-Karts frame, built of circular beams, dynamically. The first chassis is made from CAD software, and ANSYS Workbench is simulated. This paper shows the construction and failure criteria for four separate materials according the von-Mises stress. The goal of this study is to obtain perfect material for such built chassis and to improve the protection factor for low ground clearance. Go-Kart racing is generally used to expose drivers for motor racing as a reduced and comparatively safe route. Many people are associating it with teenage drivers, but adults still work hard on karting. That the very first step in either serious racing career is karting. Karting. It will enable the driver to train him for high-speed racing by building reflexes for guidance, precision automotive control and decision-making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Short Commute Vehicle is used to protect the environment. The main concern of the 21st century is to develop the use of electric vehicles. And to reduce the use of gasoline vehicles. Most of the automobile industries are looking forward to develop the electric vehicles. Currently brushless D C motors are the best choice for automotive industries, researches also refers this because the power density, noise free and minimum maintenance. The design of this project is done in Fusion-360. Our project which is having the handle which is fixed to the skateboard and a motor is used to run the board and a battery is fixed to the board so that the power is generated to the motor and we have use the speed controller to control the speed of the electric board. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a disc brake's strength and temperature distributions are investigated when exposed to internal pressure and temperature utilizing functionally graded material. There are two disc brake versions to consider: without holes and with holes. The major goal of this work is to compare conventional materials with functionally graded materials. The conventional materials include Cast Iron, pure aluminum, Aluminum alloy 7475, and Aluminum MMC. For the analysis, a functionally graded material containing metal Aluminum alloy 7475 and Ceramic as the interface zone was used. FGMs are taken into account for volume fraction of k=2. The parameters for each layer, up to 10 layers, are theoretically computed. By changing the materials; the two models are subjected to structural and thermal examination. CATIA will be used for 3D modeling, while ANSYS will be used for analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]