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Bovine brucellosis (BB) is a cosmopolitan zoonotic disease caused by certain bacteria of the genus Brucella. It has negative health implications for the cattle, economic implications for the owners and is present in numerous cattle and wildlife populations worldwide. To determine the seroprevalence of BB in dual-purpose herds and assess its impact in the southern part of the Department of Atlántico, northern Colombia. 1,000 female cattle were tested for brucellosis, using the Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) and indirect ELISA (iELISA) as screening and confirmatory tests, respectively. Of these, 100 animals tested positive by RBPT and 204 were inconclusive, while 38 positive animals were identified by iELISA. Consequently, the apparent seroprevalence was 3.8%, and the estimated true prevalence was 4.4%. Based on estimates of the economic losses caused by BB, the cost was calculated at $2,496,364 COP ($822 USD) per animal. The costs identified in this study include medication costs, loss of lactation, and others. It highlights the significant impact of BB on food security, particularly concerning the availability of and access to bovine food products, as well as on the economy of livestock farmers in the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease which is endemic in Bangladesh. The prevalence of bovine brucellosis in subsistence management system in Bangladesh is low. However, the prevalence of bovine brucellosis at Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm (CCBDF) is reported to be very high and Brucella abortus DNA has also been detected from cows' milk of this farm. The principal manifestation of bovine brucellosis is abortion in pregnant cows, which is common at CCBDF. The role of brucellosis in abortion at CCBDF has not been ascertained. Hence, this study was undertaken to confirm Brucella spp. as the etiology of abortion in cows at CCBDF. Materials and Methods: Aborted fetal membranes and vaginal swabs from 3 cows, in which late abortion occurred, were collected aseptically from the CCBDF. The samples were initially stained with modified Zeihl-Neelsen staining method. The stain-positive samples were ground individually using a pestle and mortar, and a homogenized mixture was prepared by adding normal saline. Two milliliters of the homogenate from each sample were inoculated subcutaneously into a guinea pig. The sera of guinea pigs were collected after 3rd week of inoculation to perform rose Bengal test (RBT) and rapid antibody test (RAT). Result: Samples from two cows showed positive staining result in which numerous pink-colored coccobacilli were seen. All the sera collected were tested positive for both RBT and RAT. It is evident from this study that two of three abortions at CCBDF were due to brucellosis. Conclusion: Guineapig inoculation technique could be used as a good alternative of culture for confirming the diagnosis of brucellosis from contaminated clinical samples like placenta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jurnal Medik Veterinar is the property of Universitas Airlangga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Simple Summary: The presented manuscript provides the first data about the important zoonotic disease, brucellosis, in the population of wild boars on the territory of Serbia. Brucellosis is an important disease of animals, both domestic and wild, and humans, and is of exceptional importance. Recently, the disease has re-emerged in some countries and is a threat to public health. The infection was never investigated before in the population of wild boars in Serbia, although the reported infections in domestic pigs indicate the possible pathogen transmission from wild to domestic pigs. Applied serology assays provided Brucella seroprevalences in wild boars, while a wealth of statistics delivered important data. The obtained results confirm the presence of the infection in the population of wild boars in Serbia and open new chapters for the future investigations of brucellosis in wild boars in Serbia. Brucellosis is one of the most important bacterial zoonotic diseases worldwide, characterized in domestic animals by long-term reproductive disorders. As known, wild boars (Sus scrofa) are natural hosts for Brucella suis biovar 2, in which the infection passes in inapparent form, increasing the pathogen transmission risk to domestic pigs, other domestic animals and humans. So far, no studies regarding brucellosis in wild boars in Serbia have been published. During the hunting season 2020/2021, 480 sera of wild boars living in Serbia were collected and tested for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies. For the serological survey, the Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) were used. Of the 480 sera, 45 sera tested positive, indicating the acquired Brucella seroprevalence in wild boars of 9.4%. The greatest numbers of Brucella seropositive animals were detected in the eastern parts of the country and in one of the central districts, i.e., Pomoravski, Branicevski, Borski and Juznobanatski. This study provides the first data regarding brucellosis in the wild boar population in Serbia, revealing the seroprevalence of Brucella, thus indicating that wild boars as natural hosts and/or vectors of Brucella likely present a risk for the infection of other animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Rose Bengal test (RBT) is a commonly used simple serological test for brucellosis. We assessed brucellosis in individuals <18 years for RBT performance; duration of RBT positivity following infection; and potential factors associated with RBT seroconversion timing. The medical files of first hospital admissions of brucellosis, 2005–2014, southern Israel, were retrospectively reviewed. Overall, RBT was positive in 99% of 416 primary brucellosis admissions. The mean age was 9.8 ± 4.5 years; all patients were of Bedouin ethnicity. Of 273 patients with subsequent RBT testing, RBT remained positive in 169 cases (duration range: 0.1–122 months). Overall, 104 patients had subsequent negative RBT result (duration range: 0.9–127; median: 29.9 months). Comparing fast (<30 months) vs. slow (≥30 months) seroconversion, IgM titres ≥1:640 were more common in fast seroconversion episodes (53% vs. 23%, p =.003). Anaemia was more common in the slow seroconversion group (76% vs. 52%, p =.02). Age, gender, ethnicity, fever, arthralgia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, liver enzymes, bacteraemia and adequate treatment rates were similar. RBT positivity rate in first hospital visit was high. Fast negative seroconversion was associated with high IgM titres and lower anaemia rates at first presentation. These findings may assist early recognition of long-lasting brucellosis patients in endemic regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brucellosis, Undulant fever, Mediterranean fever or Malta fever is different wards for one disease which is an infectious disease caused by a type of bacteria called Brucella, that are almost invariably transmitted by direct or indirect contact with infected animals or their products. Additionally, human brucellosis has a serious medical impact worldwide, which affects people of all age groups and of both sexes. The eradication poses major difficulties because this disease is largely under diagnosed and underreported. Furthermore, brucellosis in human beings is rarely fatal; it can be severely debilitating and disabling. A renewed scientific interest in human brucellosis has been fuelled by its recent re-emergence and enhanced surveillance in many areas of the world because of regarding the disease as a class B bioterrorist agent and remains the world's most common bacterial zoonosis. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the period from March, 2013 to March, 2014 to estimate seroprevalence of brucellosis and identify risk factors associated with human Brucella infections in Al-Najaf province (n=523). Samples were collected from both sexes and between (16-47) years of age with clinical symptoms suggestive of brucellosis such as fever, sweating, myalgia, weakness and among intimate contact history with individuals who were infected or their family members are infected with brucellosis. Blood divided into parts, one for serum perpetrated. Sera were screened for presence of anti-Brucella antibodies using Rose Bengal Test (RBT) and positive samples were confirmed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) both IgM & IgG. Another part anti-coagulant one used for Real-time PCR (Rt-PCR). Seroprevalence was estimated were 172(32, 9%), 351 (67 %) and 90(25,6 %) by RBPT, IgG -ELISA and IgM -ELISA respectively. Ninety samples that positive results in RBPT, IgG, IgM -ELISA were taken for Rt-PCR to confirm the diagnosis of Brucella, only 35 (38,9%) were recorded positive and compared to the Apparently healthy Control group (90). However, this distribution was found to be statistically significant (p=0.001). Seroprevalence no different according to sex which having seroprevalence (54 %) compared to males (43%). Differently, seroprevalence varied according to age groups, with the age category 16-25 years recording the highest (61%). The study recorded relatively low Brucella seroprevalence in rural area recorded 70 (38.9%), compared to the urban area recorded 110(61%). That suggested may be due to persistence involve multiple social and ecological factors like varies geographic regions; management factors; population density; biological features such as immunity as well as the randomly usage of antibiotic lead to the high levels of antibiotic resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The present study aims to inspect the connection between patients with SLE and RF, CRP, Brucellosis and compression between immunofluorescence technique and latex agglutination method to detect ANA. Methods A total of 90 serum sample collected from patients with symptoms and signs of SLE those send to the immunity lab in Al-Hussein hospital. The immunofloriscent ANA test, SLE latex agglutination test, RF, CRP and Rose Bengal tests were done to all these samples. Results The results show that there was significant difference between males (16%) and females (84%) patients with sign and symptom of SLE, while there was no significant difference in CRP, RF, in patients with SLE positive (50%,17%) and SLE negative patients (48.5%,17%), continuously Rose Bengal test is higher in SLE negative patients than in SLE positive patients (15.2%, 8.3%). Finally, there is significant difference in diagnosis of SLE disease between IF technique and latex agglutination test (41.6%, 100%). Conclusions Latex agglutination test for ANA detection is reliable, specific but less sensitive test when compared to SLE IF test. There are significance differences in Rose Bengal test in SLE negative and in SLE positive patient's, while there are non-significance difference in CRP, RF in SLE positive samples and in SLE negative samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Salud UIS is the property of Universidad Industrial de Santander and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The objective of the present study was to detect brucellosis in suspected dairy cattle in Khartoum State, Sudan using the conventional serological tests and tests done on milk in comparison to a PCR-based technique. Milk and blood samples collected simultaneously from suspected brucellosis cows ( n = 147) in 12 different dairy farms around Khartoum State were used in the study. Overall, 54 (36.7%) of the total milk samples were positive according to the milk ring test (MRT), while 29 (19.7%) of the serum samples were positive according to the Rose Bengal test (RBT); microscopy on modified Ziehl-Neelsen-stained slides detected 13.6% of the cases, and recovery of Brucella species on both Brucella medium and tryptic soya agar was 7.5%. Thirty-three (22.4%) samples were found positive on PCR-amplified IS711 which were then taken as positive brucellosis cases. The differences of RBT and PCR-IS711 from MRT were highly significant ( P < 0.05). MRT detected more cases of bovine brucellosis compared to RBT, PCR, microscopy, and culture. MRT is recommended as a noninvasive test compared to RBT, and it is less expensive compared to PCR and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru is the property of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (UNMSM) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Rose Bengal Test (RBT) is the most widely used screening test for brucellosis in both humans and animals. Owing to its apparent simplicity of reading, however, interpretations of the RBT results can be affected by personal experience. This study describes a simple way to improve the accuracy and uniformity of reading the RBT reaction by counting the number of agglutinated particles using transparent OHP film with Quantity One®, which was originally designed to count the bacterial colony numbers on agar plates. Using this system, the reactivities of three Rose Bengal antigens from different sources against international standard serum (1,000 units, VLA, UK) could be numerically measured: the intensity scale ranged from zero to around 1,600. This system enabled us to compare the antigenicity of Rose Bengal antigens from three different sources by using statistical analyses such as regression and mean intensity. Collectively, mathematical measuring of the reaction intensity used in this study may help interpret subtle test results by providing more reliable data and additional statistical information on the herd. In addition, the method would also be applicable to other agglutination test for other diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The Brucella IgM/IgG flow assay was used for the confirmation of brucellosis in patients from an area endemic for brucellosis and who had a Rose Bengal (RB)-positive serum sample collected at the time of first presentation for diagnosis. The flow assay confirmed the result of the RB test in 46.6% of the positive admission sera, with the majority (62.5%) of the flow assay-positive samples staining moderately strong to very strong (≥2+). In comparison, Wright and 2-ME at the routinely used cut-off titre values of 1:320 for Wright and 1:160 for 2-ME tested positive in 37.7% of the RB-positive samples. A relatively large number of RB-positive samples agglutinated at or around the cut-off value in the Wright and 2-ME tests and 66.7% of the RB-positive samples tested positive in these confirmatory tests when using one titre step lower threshold values. The relatively high number of samples with low antibody levels supports the argument for testing follow-up samples from patients with an RB-positive sample in order to confirm the diagnosis by showing seroconversion or a rise in antibody levels. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

131I Rose Bengal(131IRB) studies were performed in 73 infants with extrahepatic biliary atresia (EHBA) and in 37 with intrahepatic cholestasis of various origins. Fecal 131IRB excretion of less than 10% ("complete' cholestasis) was observed in EHBA but also in some patients with either paucity of intrahepatic bile ducts (syndromatic type) or with alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency. Seventy one 131IRB tests were also performed 3 to 8 weeks postoperatively in children operated on for EHBA. Fecal 131IRB excretion more than 15% was present in 27 out of 34 cases who were later completely jaundice free and in only one out of 37 cases where no bile flow restoration occurred. These results indicate that complete cholestasis in infants can be observed in some types of intrahepatic cholestasis, as well as in EHBA, and show that a post-operative 131IRB test is a reliable means of predicting complete restoration of bile flow in EHBA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]