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Introduction: HIV disproportionately affects women in Sub-Saharan Africa. Swaziland bears the highest HIV prevalence of 41% among pregnant women in this region. This heightened HIV-epidemic reflects the importance of context-specific interventions. Apart from routine HIV surveillance, studies that examine structural and behavioral factors associated with HIV infection among women may facilitate the revitalization of existing programs and provide insights to inform context-specific HIV prevention interventions. Methods and Findings: This cross-sectional study employed a two-stage random cluster sampling in ten antenatal health care facilities in the Hhohho region of Swaziland in August and September 2015. Participants were eligible for the study if they were 18 years or older and had tested for HIV. Self-administered tablet-based questionnaires were used to assess HIV risk factors. Of all eligible pregnant women, 827 (92.4%) participated, out of which 297 (35.9%) were self-reportedly HIV positive. Among structural factors, family function was not significantly associated with self-reported HIV positive status, while lower than high school educational attainment (AOR, 1.65; CI, 1.14–3.38; P = 0.008), and income below minimum wage (AOR, 1.81; CI, 1.09–3.01; P = 0.021) were significantly associated with self-reported HIV positive status. Behavioral factors significantly associated with reporting a positive HIV status included; ≥2 lifetime sexual partners (AOR, 3.16; CI, 2.00–5.00; P<0.001), and ever cohabited (AOR, 2.39; CI, 1.66–3.43; P = 0.00). The most cited reason for having multiple sexual partners was financial gain. HIV/AIDS-related knowledge level was high but not associated to self-reported HIV status (P = 0.319). Conclusions: Structural and behavioral factors showed significant association with self-reported HIV infection among pregnant women in Swaziland while HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and family function did not. This suggests that HIV interventions should be reinforced taking into consideration these findings. The findings also suggest the importance of future research sensitive to the Swazi and African sociocultural contexts, especially research for family function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of postnatal care is to promote and improve the health of all women and their infants following childbirth. The purpose of the study was to identify the factors that contribute to low use of postnatal care services by women. A quantitative, exploratory and descriptive research design was used in the study. Data were collected from women and midwives through structured interviews and self-administered questionnaires. Purposive sampling was used. Data was analysed through descriptive statistics. Responses to open-ended questions were categorized, coded and analyzed based on themes and sub-themes. The results indicated that most of the respondents were discharged within 24 hours following childbirth; the majority stayed far away from health facilities and postnatal care that was mainly provided for children. Inadequate training for the midwives on postnatal care and lack of knowledge about the importance of attending postnatal clinic among the clients were reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a wide range of literature available on clinical teaching in the health professions and limited focus has been made on the art and science of clinical teaching for student midwives. This article provides an overview of clinical teaching and discusses the various areas of practice, teaching methods used and personnel involved in clinical teaching in midwifery. The information presented has been compiled through a review of handbooks, training manuals and websites created by various health professionals, the World Health Organization as well as PUBMED, Science direct, MEDLINE data bases and health science libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]