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30 Background: Melanoma is the most prevalent cancer during pregnancy, representing 31% of all gestational cancers, with its incidence rates rising globally. Pregnancy-associated melanoma (PAM) presents unique challenges in diagnosis and management due to maternal physiological and hormonal changes, as well as consideration of fetal impact. This study aims to understand the impact of pregnancy on melanoma outcomes to optimize patient care. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of patients diagnosed with PAM at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between 2005 and 2023. Eligible patients were diagnosed either during pregnancy or within one year of delivery. Frequencies and percentages were used to describe the study population. Our primary outcome was to describe melanoma characteristics and prognosis, and our secondary outcome was to investigate melanoma's impact on obstetrical outcomes. Results: The study included 76 patients with a mean age of 31.3 ± 4.4 years, 93.4% of whom were of white or Caucasian origin. The median follow-up was 39.8 months. Diagnoses included Stage 0 (7.9%), Stage I (36.8%), Stage II (3.9%), Stage III (22.4%), and Stage IV (25%) melanoma. The mean Breslow Thickness was 2.1± 4.7 mm. Primary diagnoses occurred in 76.6% of patients, while 21.9% experienced recurrent episodes during pregnancy. At the time of their PAM event, 47.4% had localized disease, and 48.7% had metastatic disease. The average mean time from diagnosis to first surgery was 2.1 months in patients diagnosed during pregnancy (group 1) and 0.9 months in patients diagnosed after pregnancy (group 2). The average time from diagnosis to systemic therapy was 3.3 ± 2.8 months in group 1 and 1 ± 0.7 months in group 2. Patients diagnosed during pregnancy had an average gestational age of 17.8 weeks: 30.65% were diagnosed in the first trimester, 54.84% in the second, and 14.52% in the third trimester. Thirty-three (43.4%) patients had term deliveries, while fifteen (19.7%) patients gave birth prematurely. There were 75.0% live births, 5.3% spontaneous abortions and 3.9% elective terminations. Conclusions: Our findings contribute to the limited literature on PAM outcomes, emphasizing the importance of a collaborative approach in managing these patients. Close surveillance of pregnant patients with melanoma is essential to prevent treatment delays and ensure optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The mortality index is a quality metric that measures the ratio of observed mortality to expected mortality among inpatients. Expected mortality is a probability calculation based on documentation of patient risks and comorbidities. A mortality index of <1.0 represents fewer patients dying while admitted to the hospital than expected. We aimed to decrease the mortality index in our department by 10% in 6 months. Methods: We formed a multidisciplinary team from Gynecologic Oncology, Health Information Management, Office of Performance Improvement, Revenue Operations, Coding and Institutional Compliance. We educated providers on documentation of patient comorbidities, standardized documentation templates, focused coder analysis and in-depth review and discussion as a department of all inpatient deaths. Pre-intervention 8/2017-7/2018 and post-intervention 11/2018-2/2020 outcomes were compared using the Mann Whitney U test. Results: The median mortality index decreased by 44% from 0.84 to 0.47 (p = 0.03). The median expected mortality increased by 37% from 2.94 to 4.02 (p = 0.002). The median number of inpatient deaths, or observed mortalities, was unchanged though there was a non-significant decreasing trend. Conclusions: Inpatient mortality index is an important quality metric that can be improved through education, standardized documentation, focused review and discussion of all inpatient mortalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on improving the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Testing Among Patients in a Gynecologic Oncology Department. It mentions that patients with HIV infection have a higher risk of developing cancers, including both Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining malignancies and non–AIDS-defining malignancies; and also mentions the aims of the study were to increase the rate of HIV testing from a baseline rate of 3 up to 50 percent in 1 year.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) lead to increased patient morbidity and healthcare costs. Our objective was to decrease the SSI rate following gynecologic surgery. Methods: Adult patients undergoing abdominal surgery for gynecologic malignancy or benign disease received the following: patient education; preoperative antibacterial soap; appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis; change of gloves and use of clean instruments at surgical closure; surgical dressing for 48 h; and a post-discharge phone call. The baseline SSI rate was determined retrospectively (1 April 2014-30 June 2014), while the post-intervention SSI rate was determined prospectively (16 February 2015-15 October 2015). The main outcome was the overall SSI rate with secondary outcomes, including the rate of superficial, deep, incisional and organ space infection, as well as the cost effectiveness of the bundle. Results: A total of 232 baseline and 555 post-intervention patients were included in the study. No differences were observed between the baseline and post-intervention groups with regard to median body mass index (BMI), surgical approach, receipt of preoperative chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy, and cases including bowel surgery. Overall, the SSI rate decreased significantly from baseline [12.5 %] to post-intervention [7.4 %] (odds ratio [OR] 0.56, 90 % confidence interval [CI] 0.37-0.85; p = 0.01). A 40 % decrease was noted in the rate of superficial and deep infections (9.5 vs. 5.9 %; OR 0.60, 90 % CI 0.38-0.97; p = 0.04) and SSIs after open surgery (21.4 vs. 13.2 %; OR 0.56, 90 % CI 0.34-0.92; p = 0.03). The estimated cost of the intervention was $19.26/case and the net total amount saved during the post-intervention period was $65,625 month. Conclusions: This bundled intervention led to a significant decrease in the overall SSI rate and was cost effective. The largest decreases in SSIs were in incisional infections and following open surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND There is a paucity of data on the effect of vaginal lubricants on specimen adequacy in the era of liquid-based Papanicolaou (Pap) tests. Current manufacturer recommendations advise against the use of lubricants, especially those that contain carbomers or carbopol polymers. There is, however, no conclusive evidence to support this recommendation. Moreover, the data that does exist is conflicting. METHODS Retrospective review was performed of all liquid-based Pap tests collected between January 2010 and March 2012 by the Gynecologic Oncology division at a single hospital. Specimen adequacy was compared for vaginal and cervical specimens that were collected with and without a lubricant. Results were also compared for specimens collected with lubricants that did or did not contain carbomers. RESULTS There was no significant difference in specimen adequacy for cervical or vaginal Pap test specimens collected with a water-soluble lubricant not containing carbomers, compared to those collected without a lubricant. There was, however, a significantly higher rate of insufficient specimens when a water-soluble lubricant containing carbomers was used. This difference was most pronounced for vaginal Pap tests (26.9% versus 1.2%, OR = 30.3, 95% CI = 16.6-55.1, P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS Lubricants containing carbomers should be avoided when collecting liquid-based Pap tests because they can significantly decrease specimen adequacy. Lubricants that do not contain these substances do not significantly affect specimen adequacy. If there is an unusual increase in unsatisfactory Pap tests, the cytology laboratory should notify clinicians and work with them to determine the cause. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2014;122:221-226. © 2013 American Cancer Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]