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Tung biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel type produced from the tung tree. In the current study, the effect of the addition of 20%, by volume, of tung biodiesel to diesel fuel was evaluated in terms of energetic-exergetic analyses based on the first and second laws of thermodynamic at various high engine speeds (2,400, 2,600, and 2,800 rpm). Additionally, this study aimed to assess the thermoeconomic and exergoeconomic aspects of a diesel engine. The findings revealed that the amount of energy converted to useful work for the diesel fuel was higher than that of the DTB20 fuel, even though the fuel energy obtained from DTB20 fuel was higher than that of diesel fuel at all engine speeds. The highest energy and exergy efficiencies for the engine fueled with diesel fuel were obtained as 31.07% and 29.15% respectively, while the corresponding values for the engine fueled with DTB20 fuel were determined as 27.15% and 25.19% at the engine speed of 2,400 rpm, respectively. However, at 2,800 rpm, a significant decrease in both the energy and exergy efficiencies was observed for both diesel and tung biodiesel blended fuels due to the increased mechanical friction of the engine components. Furthermore, at the highest engine speed, entropy generation increased, owing to a higher exergy destruction rate. The entropy generation rate increased to 0.38 kW/K for diesel fuel and 0.46 kW/K for DTB20 fuel since the enhancement of the engine speed caused the ascent of the fuel consumption rate. Regarding thermoeconomic-exergoeconomic analyses, for both diesel and tung biodiesel blended fuels, there is no distinct difference in the thermoeconomic-exergoeconomic parameters at 2,400 and 2,600 rpm as the values of these parameters at the engine speed of 2,800 rpm increased significantly. In light of all the findings, it can be concluded that the engine speed of 2,800 rpm is not applicable to run the engine due to higher friction and corresponding energy destruction in the engine system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial in "Frontiers in Energy Research" discusses the future prospects of alternative fuels, particularly biofuels, as a promising alternative to imported fuels. Various studies on internal combustion engines using biofuels like tung oil and canola biodiesel show potential for reducing environmental hazards and improving energy sustainability. The research emphasizes the importance of locally sourced fuels in reducing harmful emissions and highlights the adaptability of engineers in the changing energy landscape. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the future prospects of alternative fuels, particularly biofuels, as a promising solution to reduce environmental hazards and promote energy sustainability. The article presents several studies that examine the use of alternative fuels in internal combustion engines. These studies explore the thermodynamic, thermoeconomic, and exergoeconomic aspects of different fuels, including biodiesel and Hydroxy gas (HHO). The findings suggest that locally sourced fuels have the potential to replace conventional diesel fuel and reduce harmful emissions. However, it is important to note that the article's claims are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of their affiliated organizations or the publisher. [Extracted from the article]

Energy and exergy analysis of internal combustion engines is a key issue to find out an alternative fuel to conventional diesel fuel since the analyses are indicators of quantity and quality of energy resources. In the present study, exergy and energy analyses of a diesel engine were evaluated when the engine was fuelled with conventional diesel, hazelnut biodiesel, and canola biodiesel fuels. The results of the study depicted that fuel energy conversion to output power and exergy work rate decreased with biodiesel usage in all engine speed. The highest value of thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency were obtained at 1800 rpm for conventional diesel, hazelnut biodiesel, and canola biodiesel fuels. Analyses showed that the lowest destruction occurred at 1800 rpm for all test fuels with the value of 45.45%, 47.36%, and 47.41% for diesel, hazelnut biodiesel, and canola biodiesel, respectively. Furthermore, the entropy generation rate was the minimum at 1800 rpm engine speed for all test fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The connection surfaces of drag-link must be tough and safe enough to carry transmitted forces that exert on the product in service conditions. Therefore, undulated forming takes place in machining process to stay the rod-ends in the rod. In the rod-end, after forming process, a straight part which remains on the body causes extra cost and weight on the product. In this study, the result of shortening of rod-end which was produced from C45+N quality steel was investigated by comparing with the unmodified rod-end. The comparison was carried out by fatigue test and Finite Element Analysis. The results showed that the cropped part has almost no effect on the durability of the product. It is measured that the modification result with 0,082 kg weight reduction on each rod-end and 5 seconds shortening of machining process were observed by the modification on rod-end. The effect of modification on the part was examined in a case study. The case study indicated that annual expenses of raw material lowered by $9.124,56 and total cost decreased by $11.480,20. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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