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Frailty in later life is often associated with functional declines and reduced quality of life. A multicomponent frailty management program (mFMP) is lacking in Singapore. This study aimed to determine the feasibility and effects of an mFMP in reducing frailty and increasing participation among frail community-living older adults. Pre- and postassessments at three time points were conducted to compare the differences in body functions between the mFMP (experimental group [EG]) and a fitness program (control group [CG]). Recruitment, dropouts, and fall data were collected. Weekly field notes and semistructured interviews postintervention were thematically analyzed. Sixteen out of 23 participants (EG: eight; CG: eight) completed the 12-week interventions with reduced frailty immediately postintervention. At 3-month postintervention, 10 participants (EG: five; CG: five) being followed up had a sustained level of frailty (p <.05). The EG and CG reported zero and two falls, respectively. The mFMP demonstrated its feasibility and exhibited a trend to facilitate personal behavioral changes postintervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives It is unclear whether palatal canine impaction is related to genetic or local/environmental factors. If a genetic origin is assumed, then it could be expected that palatal canine impaction is associated with overall craniofacial development. Within this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the craniofacial morphology of individuals with palatal canine impaction and compare it to a matched group of normal controls. Materials/Methods The sample for this investigation comprised 404 individuals (232 females and 172 males). Half of these individuals presented with unilateral or bilateral palatal canine impaction confirmed clinically and radiographically. The other half were matched for sex and age with the first half and comprised individuals without tooth impaction, apart from third molars. The shape of the craniofacial structures was outlined on calibrated cephalometric images through 15 curves and 127 landmarks (11 fixed and 116 semi-landmarks). Shape configurations were superimposed using Procrustes Superimposition and the resulting shape coordinates were reduced into principal components for all subsequent analyses. The effect of palatal canine impaction on craniofacial shape was assessed with regression models, separately in females and males. All statistical tests were performed assuming a type-1 error of 5%. Results Individuals with palatally impacted canines appear to have a less convex face, a more brachyfacial skeletal pattern, and a sagittally extended premaxilla. In females effect sizes ranged between η 2 = 0.136–0.397 (P  < 0.05) and in males between η 2 = 0.125–0.396 (P  < 0.05, apart from the entire craniofacial configuration: P  = 0.259). Limitations Palatal canine impaction was not confirmed through cone beam computer tomography images in all patients, however, in those cases, the treatment history confirmed the diagnosis. Conclusions/Implications Palatal canine impaction is related to a distinct craniofacial shape in females and males. These findings allow for speculation that palatal canine impaction is affected by genetic pathways involved in overall craniofacial development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To determine the antimicrobial activity of the bacteriocin-producing probiotic strains Streptococcus salivarius K12 and Streptococcus salivarius M18 alone or in combination against caries-associated Streptococcus mutans. Methods: Antimicrobial activity of S. salivarius K12 and/or S. salivarius M18 against S. mutans ATCC 25175 growth and biofilm formation on hydroxyapatite (HA) discs was determined in a flow chamber model by recording the colony forming units (CFU/ml) after 48 h of co-cultivation. The biofilm was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Additionally, the simultaneous antagonism assay was used to assess the inhibitory effect of S. salivarius K12 and/or S. salivarius M18 against S. mutans ATCC 25175 and 21 clinical isolates of S. mutans. Results: Co-cultivation of S. mutans and S. salivarius K12 and/or S. salivarius M18 led to the inhibition of S. mutans viability, thereby, preventing its biofilm formation on HA discs. Furthermore, S. salivarius K12 and S. salivarius M18 exhibited antimicrobial activity against most clinical isolates of S. mutans. Conclusion: The in vitro flow chamber system used in this study allows the simulation of time-dependent administration of S. salivarius probiotic strains, either alone or in combination, to investigate the prevention of S. mutans biofilm formation in a standardized model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Covid-19 posed little danger to children. Nevertheless, the South African government imposed lockdown measures that impeded children's education, play and food. Schools were closed, feeding schemes were halted and organised sports were banned. In this study of South African children's experience during the 2020–22 pandemic, we use the capabilities approach, particularly Nussbaum's ten capabilities, to assess how the lockdown measures affected their development. The one-dimensional nature of the government response was evident in its focus on physical health and safeguarding adults and the health system, at the expense of children's well-being. Children were masked and their voices were not heard. Despite being far less at risk of illness or death than adults, children and young people were disproportionately affected by government regulations. Children from low-income environments were particularly severely affected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The creation of new practice learning environments for healthcare students promotes the development of professional judgement skills and decision-making. Through the modelling of established practices across other subject disciplines, Healthcare Technicians designed and created the Clinical Skills Lounge to support student learning outside of scheduled classes. Design/methodology/approach: The design and development of a new learning and simulation space for healthcare students was created following feedback from students. Using a model of learning support for students across the creative subject disciplines, the creation of the Clinical Skills Lounge provided an opportunity to create a space where practical techniques could be practiced and support provided by Technicians. Findings: Student feedback highlights the importance and flexibility of the Clinical Skills Lounge design and opportunities to learn and practice key skills outside of timetabled sessions. Greater confidence and opportunities to further develop decision-making skills were reported by students who use this space. Originality/value: This particular type of learning environment promotes greater reflection, provides the opportunity for students to learn alongside their peers and encourages inter-professional learning. The opportunities for greater decision-making, confidence building and preparation for clinical placements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Influenza is a contagious respiratory illness responsible for seasonal epidemics and with potential to cause pandemics. The decline in influenza-related studies published since 2018 resulted in data gaps, particularly in emerging markets. Methods: This systematic review searched for studies in six databases and gray literature sources to define the clinical burden of influenza and influenza-like illness (ILIs) and their associated sequelae among humans across emerging markets. Eligible studies were published in English, Spanish, or Chinese between January 2018 and September 2023 and conducted in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, and Latin America. Results: In total, 256 articles were included, mostly on lab-confirmed influenza infections (n = 218). Incidences of lab-confirmed influenza cases in Asia (range 540–1279 cases/100,000 persons) and Sub-Saharan Africa (range 34,100–47,800 cases/100,000 persons) were higher compared to Latin America (range 0.7–112 cases/100,000 persons) and the Middle East and North Africa (range 0.1–10 cases/100,000 persons). Proportions of lab-confirmed influenza cases and influenza-associated outcomes (i.e., hospitalization, ICU admission and death) varied widely across regions. Temporal variation in influenza trend was observed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions: In conclusion, influenza causes significant disease burden in emerging markets. Robust large real-world studies using a similar methodology are needed to have more accurate estimates and compare studies within age groups and regions. Continuous monitoring of influenza epidemiology is important to inform vaccine programs in emerging markets with heavy influenza disease burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: In addition to studying facial anatomy, stereophotogrammetry is an efficient diagnostic tool for assessing facial expressions through 3D video recordings. Current technology produces high‐quality recordings but also generates extremely excessive data. Here, we compare various recording speeds for three standardized movements using the 3dMDface camera system, to assess its accuracy and reliability. Materials and Methods: A linear and two circular movements were performed using a 3D‐printed cube mounted on a robotic arm. All movements were recorded initially at 60 fps (frames/second) and then at 30 and 15 fps. Recording accuracy was tested with best‐fit superimpositions of consecutive frames of the 3D cube and calculation of the Mean Absolute Distance (MAD). The reliability of the recordings were tested with evaluation of the inter‐ and intra‐examiner error. Results: The accuracy of movement recordings was excellent at all speeds (60, 30 and 15 fps), with variability in MAD values consistently being less than 1 mm. The reliability of the camera recordings was excellent at all recording speeds. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that 3D recordings of facial expressions can be performed at 30 or even at 15 fps without significant loss of information. This considerably reduces the amount of produced data facilitating further processing and analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to demonstrate the capability of Oil Palm Boiler Ash (OPBA)-based organomineral fertilizer (OMF) to maintain the growth, green biomass yield, and N uptake of green mustard under a reduced N application rate. This research was carried out from March to May 2021 in a research area in Bengkulu City with a Randomly Complete Block Design scheme and three replications. The treatment consisted of P0 = control (without OMF or urea), P1 = 200 kg urea ha-1, P2 = 325 kg OMF ha-1 + 50 kg urea ha-1, P3 = 650 kg OMF ha-1 + 50 kg urea ha-1, P4 = 975 kg OMF ha-1 + 50 kg urea ha-1, and P5 = 1300 kg OMF ha-1 + 50 kg urea ha-1. The results showed that the growth and green biomass yield increased as the application rate of OMF increased. Treatment of P5 produced the highest growth, green biomass yield, and N uptake, equivalent to P2 treatment. The green biomass yield at P5 was 161% higher than that at P0. Therefore, OMF has the potential to promote the agronomic performances of green mustard under 50% reduced N dose in Ultisols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chris Bush's Faustus: That Damned Woman (first performed in 2020) is a feminist and contemporary adaptation of Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus. The magus is a woman who travels through time from the seventeenth century to the far distant future. In the process, Johanna Faustus becomes a brilliant scientist who attempts to create digital immortality by uploading the minds of billions of human beings to the Cloud. When a power failure destroys almost all of humanity, it is uncertain whether the universal outage is caused by Mephistopheles (in accordance with the expectations of Faustian fantasy) or is simply an unforeseen but predictable accident (in accordance with the expectations of technophobic versions of science fiction). I argue that Bush's play traces the chronological and generic arc from magic/fantasy to science/science fiction, blending the two so that the age-old monster, the Devil, enabled by Faustian arrogance, is reimagined as an avatar for an unreliable technology that destroys what it is designed to preserve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Health literacy is important while attending a residential college where daily decisions can impact one's physical and mental health and knowing who or what to trust for information is of the utmost importance in claiming more decision-making autonomy. Participants: A total of 189 students at a University in the Northeastern United States participated in this study. Methods: A cross-sectional survey assessment of shared beliefs around health behaviors was conducted. Results: Areas of high consensus center around knowledge of positive health behaviors. Consensus lessens as participants are faced with statements that require more independent thinking, more information, and more subjectivity. Gender differences are also prevalent. Conclusions: Exercising agency is needed when making a commitment to one health choice vs. another. Agency in emerging adulthood has been found to be positively correlated with commitment and deliberate decision-making both of which are needed as college students face independent health choices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adolescents and young adults living with advanced cancer must often discover new rules for living during cancer treatment. Such experiences may lead them to emerge to higher levels of consciousness and find personal meaning in these experiences. Newman's theory of health as expanding consciousness was this qualitative research study's framework examining hope's role for adolescents and young adults living with advanced cancer. Fifteen participants aged 12-21 years created written narratives and illustrations to describe their experiences with hope. We propose an updated theoretical model in which hope facilitates expanding consciousness in adolescents and young adults living with advanced cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Brain MRI with volumetric quantification, MRI volumetry, can improve diagnostic delineation of patients with neurocognitive disorders by identifying brain atrophy that may not be evident on visual assessments. Objective: To investigate diagnostic utility of MRI volumetry in traumatic brain injury (TBI), early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD), late-onset Alzheimer disease, and behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Method: We utilized 137 participants of TBI (n = 40), EOAD (n = 45), LOAD (n = 32), and bvFTD (n = 20). Participants had 3D T1 brain MRI imaging amendable to MRI volumetry. Scan volumes were analyzed with Neuroreader. One-way ANOVA compared brain volumes across diagnostic groups. Discriminant analysis was done with leave-one-out cross validation on Neuroreader metrics to determine diagnostic delineation across groups. Result: LOAD was the oldest compared to other groups (F = 27.5, p <.001). There were no statistically significant differences in sex (p =.58) with women comprising 54.7% of the entire cohort. EOAD and LOAD had the lowest Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) scores compared to TBI (p =.04 for EOAD and p =.01 for LOAD). LOAD had lowest hippocampal volumes (Left Hippocampus F = 13.1, Right Hippocampus F = 7.3, p <.001), low white matter volume in TBI (F = 5.9, p <.001), lower left parietal lobe volume in EOAD (F = 9.4, p <.001), and lower total gray matter volume in bvFTD (F = 32.8, p <.001) and caudate atrophy (F = 1737.5, p <.001). Areas under the curve ranged from 92.3 to 100%, sensitivity between 82.2 and 100%, specificity of 78.1-100%. TBI was the most accurately delineated diagnosis. Predictive features included caudate, frontal, parietal, temporal lobar and total white matter volumes. Conclusion: We identified the diagnostic utility of regional volumetric differences across multiple neurocognitive disorders. Brain MRI volumetry is widely available and can be applied in distinguishing these disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inclusion of transgender women teachers as human beings with rights and privileges deserves respect and equality in their workplace and the community they belong. In the literature, limited studies explore the lives of transgender women in the workplace as this requires careful exploration of their encounters due to their sensitive disposition. This study aspires to deeply understand the personal experiences of the participants on a certain phenomenon such as the inclusion of Transgender women teachers in the Department of Education (DepEd) Guihulngan City Division. This study utilized Heideggerian phenomenology as a research design anchoring the Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) popularized by Moustakas and modified by Van Kaam. Three (3) participants saturated the data in the research environment. Inclusive and Exclusive Criteria were established in the study using a snowball-purposive sampling technique. After the analysis, the emerging themes were generated such as the darkest reality, Towards complete acceptance, Favorable Professional Reception, and Women that Matter. These themes provide a clear picture of how transgender women are living their lives in the department. The main issue faced by Transgender women teachers is the question of labeling. Thus, Transgender women teachers must carry on their duties and responsibilities and improve their personal and professional growth to enhance learners' capability in learning amidst the issue regarding their preferences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the issue of polypharmacy and its negative health outcomes, particularly among older adults in Canada. It introduces the Canadian Medication Appropriateness and Deprescribing Network (CADeN) and describes the goals and outcomes of the CADeN 2023 National Meeting, which focused on strengthening relationships, sharing resources, and informing policy. The meeting emphasized equity, diversity, and inclusion, as well as the importance of indigenous perspectives in healthcare. Initiatives and research on medication appropriateness and deprescribing were discussed, along with strategies to reduce medication overload. The meeting highlighted the need for health policy reforms, equitable access to medications, patient engagement, and collaboration within the healthcare system. The CADeN network plans to continue its efforts to promote medication appropriateness in Canada. [Extracted from the article]

With the rise in customized product demands, the production of small batches with a wide variety of products is becoming more common. A high degree of flexibility is required from operators to manage changes in volumes and products, which has led to the use of Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) systems for custom manufacturing. However, this variety introduces complexity that affects production time, cost, and quality. To address this issue, multivariate control charts are used as diagnostic tools to evaluate the stability of several parameters related to both product/process and human well-being in HRC systems. These key parameters monitored include assembly time, quality control time, total defects, and operator stress, providing a more holistic view of system performance. Real-time monitoring of process performance along with human-related factors, which is rarely considered in statistical process control, provides comprehensive stability control over all customized product variants produced in the HRC system. The proposed approach includes defining the parameters to be monitored, constructing control charts, collecting data after product variant assembly, and verifying that the set of parameters is under control via control charts. This increases the system's responsiveness to both process inefficiencies and human well-being. The procedure can be automated by embedding control chart routines in the software of the HRC system or its digital twin, without adding additional tasks to the operator's workload. Its practicality and effectiveness are evidenced in custom electronic board assembly, highlighting its role in optimizing HRC system performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intersectional politics has been widely associated with progressive Millennial activists. Accordingly, most social movement research focuses on progressive movements that adopt intersectionality as a guiding framework for organisation and mobilisation, mainly feminist, reproductive justice, LGBTQ and other movements spearheaded by university-educated Millennials. In contrast to most studies, we conduct a qualitative digital ethnography of Las Kellys, a Spanish grassroots movement with no explicit intersectional approach, but located at the intersection of the labour and feminist movements, and consisting of middle-aged, working-class (immigrant) women with no university background who fit their activism into their spare time. Our findings suggest that (1) Las Kellys deploys intersectional practices and disputes despite lacking an explicit intersectional approach, and (2) the development of intersectional practices and disputes in Las Kellys is the result of inter-movement diffusion processes from the anti-austerity protest cycle and the current wave of feminist protest. Moreover, we argue that the case of Las Kellys is part of a larger diffusion of intersectionality across contemporary Spanish activism as an outcome of the anti-austerity and feminist protest cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Influenza and influenza-like illness (ILI) pose significant clinical and economic burdens globally each year. This systematic literature review examined quantitative studies evaluating the impact of patients' influenza/ILI on their caregivers' well-being, focusing on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), work productivity, and activity impairment. A comprehensive search across six databases, including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Embase, MEDLINE via PubMed, Ovid, PsycNet, and Web of Science, yielded 18,689 records, of which 13,156 abstracts were screened, and 662 full-text articles were reviewed from January 2007 to April 2024. Thirty-six studies [HRQoL: 2; productivity: 33; both: 1] covering 22 countries were included. Caregivers of 47,758 influenza or ILI patients across 123 study cohorts were assessed in the review. The mean workday loss among caregivers ranged from 0.5 to 10.7 days per episode, influenced by patients' influenza status (positive or negative), disease severity (mild or moderate-to-severe), age, viral type (influenza A or B), and vaccination/treatment usage. The HRQoL of caregivers, including their physical and emotional well-being, was affected by a patient's influenza or ILI, where the severity and duration of a patient's illness were associated with worse HRQoL. This review shows that the consequences of influenza or ILI significantly affect not only patients but also their caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quality is one of the key factors in the customer's selection process between competing products. Producing high-quality, defect-free products that meet consumer expectations is crucial for manufacturing companies to gain a competitive advantage. Accordingly, developing appropriate defect generation models is essential in modern manufacturing companies to predict defects and plan efficient quality control and production. On the other hand, with its ability to support new business models and decision support systems, digital twin technology is one of the new technologies emerging to support digital transformation. Faster optimization algorithms, more powerful computers, and a massive increase in available data are just some of the features of digital twins that can be used to advance simulation toward real-time quality control and optimization of products and production systems. This paper aims to model the generation of defects of product variants in assembly and disassembly processes and evaluate their integration within a digital twin system to prevent the occurrence of defects and ensure product quality. The proposed strategy is expected to improve the optimization, monitoring, and diagnostic capabilities of complex product variants' assembly and disassembly systems, realizing an upgrade from a single physical implementation to a combination of physical and digital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Few data are available addressing the impact of post‐operative management of Crohn's disease (CD) on long‐term clinical course. Aim: To assess the evolution of post‐operative management strategies over the last 40 years and their impact on the re‐operation rate of CD. Methods: We included 657 patients with CD who had undergone their first radical ileo‐caecal resection between 1980 and 2020. Three cohorts were defined according to year of surgery: cohort 1 (1980–1998; n = 198), cohort 2 (1999–2009; n = 218) and cohort 3 (2010–2020; n = 241). We estimated exposure to immunomodulators and anti‐TNFα agents after surgery and rates of re‐operation using Kaplan–Meier survival analyses. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to assess the association of clinical variables with time to re‐operation. Results: Immunosuppressants, (IMMs) and anti‐TNFα exposure within 5 years after surgery increased significantly from cohort 1 to cohort 2 and cohort 3 (IMMs: 1.6%, 38.2% and 28.0%, respectively, p < 0.001; anti‐TNFα: 0.0%, 20.7% and 52.0%, respectively, p < 0.001). There was no significant difference across cohorts regarding the cumulative probability of re‐operation within 5 and 10 years. Multivariate analysis identified IMMs/anti‐TNFα exposure before the first surgery (HR 9.15; 95% CI 2.77–30.21) and post‐operatively (HR: 0.24; 95% CI 0.07–0.74) as variables associated with the risk of re‐operation. However, these associations had a time‐varying effect and become non‐significant after 5 and 2 years after surgery, respectively. Conclusion: Despite increased post‐operative use of IMMs and anti‐TNFα agents in the last two decades, the impact of these strategies on the risk of long‐term re‐operation rate has been modest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to summarize current knowledge regarding the use of orthopaedic functional appliances (OFA) in managing unilateral craniofacial microsomia (UCM). The eligibility criteria for the review were (1) assessing use of OFA as a stand‐alone treatment and (2) using OFA in combination during or after MDO. The PICO (population, intervention, comparison and outcome) format formulated clinical questions with defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. No limitations concerning language and publication year were applied. Information sources: A literature search of Medline, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science databases without restrictions up to 30 September 2022. The risk of bias was assessed. According to Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines, two independent authors conducted data extraction. The level of evidence for included articles was evaluated based on the Oxford evidence‐based medicine database. Due to the heterogeneity of studies and insufficient data for statistical pooling, meta‐analysis was not feasible. Therefore, the results were synthesized narratively. A total of 437 articles were retrieved. Of these, nine met inclusion criteria: five assessing OFA and four assessing OFA during or after MDO. There is limited evidence to suggest that stand‐alone and combination treatment with OFA is beneficial for treating mild‐to‐moderate UCM‐related dentofacial deformities in short term. No studies assessed the burden of care. In the management of UCM, there is insufficient evidence supporting the efficacy of OFA as a stand‐alone treatment or when combined with MDO. Additionally, there is a lack of evidence regarding treatment protocols and the effect on the condyles and the TMJ. The study was registered at Prospero database number CRD42020204969. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A range of psychosocial and aesthetic factors motivate patients to undergo orthodontic treatment. The appliance choice depends not only on the type of malocclusion, but also on the aesthetic and functional demands of the patients themselves. Nowadays, digital planning enables the manufacture of individualised and customised orthodontic appliances. However, the predictability of movements with aligner treatment has long been under discussion. This article illustrates, through a series of case reports, how a hybrid approach combining individualised aesthetic orthodontic appliances can improve the predictability of tooth movements, thereby providing additional tools for clinicians charged with choosing the best indicated and biomechanically advantageous technique. To this end, three patients with different malocclusions were treated via a hybrid approach involving clear aligners in the upper arch followed by lingual fixed appliances in the upper and lower arches. All patients were treated using ALIAS lingual PSL 0.018 × 0.018-inch slot brackets and in-house 3D-printed aligners. Findings: The hybrid approach combining aligners and fixed lingual appliances led to the successful resolution of all three complex cases in the series without prolonging treatment time. The superimpositions demonstrate the predictability of even traditionally difficult movements. In particular, the Alias PSL lingual system, used from the beginning, enabled good control of both the torque and inclination of the lower incisors. Conclusions: Combining clear aligners and fixed lingual appliances provides a highly efficient means of treating malocclusions aesthetically. In our cases, the aligners offset the lack of bite-plate effect from the lingual brackets and appliances, providing advantageous biomechanics for rotation correction and control of tip, torque and root movements. Understanding how to exploit the strengths of each appliance enables the clinician to treat adult patients efficaciously, efficiently and aesthetically. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Describe spirituality’s role in a sample of Hispanic adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors. Methods: This phenomenology-informed convergent parallel mixed-methods study aimed to explore participants’ lived experiences with hope during cancer treatments and cancer survivorship. A purposive sample of Hispanic AYAs who completed cancer treatments 2–5 years ago were virtually recruited for participation. Participants completed virtual semi-structured interviews about their experiences with hope during cancer treatments and cancer survivorship and prepared narratives about their experiences. Thematic analyses were iteratively performed across the data set to identify final themes. Results: Ten Hispanic AYA cancer survivors (mean age 30.2, SD = 4.5) years participated in this pilot study. Seven participants (70%) were female, and three participants (30%) were male. Six participants (60%) experienced non-hematologic malignancies, and four participants (40%) experienced hematologic malignancies. Eight (80%) participants’ language preference was Spanish, while two (20%) participants’ language preference was English. The theme spirituality and subthemes living by faith, god as a resource, and spiritual gratitude were identified as concepts participants linked to their conceptualization of hope during cancer treatment and survivorship. Conclusions: Hope and spirituality may be conceptually linked to coping behaviors among Hispanic AYA cancer survivors. Hope through faith may be a learned spiritual value in Hispanic AYAs and might play a role in their spiritual and cognitive development. Further research is needed to explore the potentially protective value of hope and spirituality for the Hispanic AYA population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: to analyze the intake of vegetables native to Mexico from 1980 to 2020, based on the food security approach. Methodology: the availability and accessibility dimensions of food security were taken into consideration for this study; in addition, descriptive statistics and regression models were used. Results: the apparent national intake of native vegetables increased during the study period, reaching 6.821 million tons in the year 2020, while the per capita intake was 148 grams in the same year. The actual income and the quarterly family expenses on vegetables, pulses, and seeds decreased from $1,890 Mexican pesos in 1980 to $1,082 Mexican pesos in 2020. Study Limitations/Implications: the food utilization and stability dimensions that encompass food safety were not included in the study. Conclusions: public food security policies must promote the production and intake of vegetables native to Mexico and increase the actual income of the most vulnerable Mexican families, facilitating accessibility to these products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The lack of accessible and valuable public open spaces for socio-cultural activities is a concern in low-income urban areas. Through an indigenous knowledge systems (IKS) lens, we explored indigenous cultural open spaces (the olupale and omuvanda) of two communities in Namibia and their relevance to urban areas. This qualitative study included interviews, informal discussions, sharing circles (focus groups) storytelling, and participatory observation with the two rural communities. In the Havana low-income area in Windhoek, observations, semi-formal interviews and discussions were used. The study found, on the one hand, that planning practices excluded marginalised urban communities due to reliance on a single modernist rational problem-solving process. On the other hand, and through an indigenous knowledge paradigm, aspects such as community respect, well-being, cooperation, environmental respect, and care being taught, lived, and experienced at cultural open spaces, were mostly excluded. Planning in Windhoek overlooked these vital well-being components, to the detriment of the communities. Existing spatial IKS could help planning in addressing the well-being of low-income residential areas and their residents. This paper is therefore foregrounding IKS in planning and argues that such IKS integration will facilitate the improvement of diverse forms of living spaces, including poor and low-income spaces in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Videos to support learning of clinical skills are effective; however, little is known about the scope and educational quality of the content of freely available online videos demonstrating task-specific training (TST). This review aimed to determine the extent, characteristics of freely available online videos, and whether the content is suitable to guide skill acquisition of task-specific training for neurological physiotherapists and students. Methods: A scoping review was conducted. Google video and YouTube were searched in December 2022. Videos that met our eligibility criteria and were explicitly designed for (TST) skill acquisition were included in the report. Results: Ten videos met the inclusion criteria and were difficult to find amongst the range of videos available. Most were presented by physiotherapists or occupational therapists, originated from the USA, featured stroke as the condition of the person being treated, and involved a range of interventions (upper limb, constraint induced movement therapy, balance, bicycling). Most videos were created by universities or private practices and only two used people with a neurological condition as the participant. When the content of videos and their presentation (instruction and/or demonstration), was assessed against each key component of TST (practice structure, specificity, repetition, modification, progression, feedback), five of the videos were rated very suitable and five moderately suitable to guide skill acquisition. Most videos failed to demonstrate and provide instruction on each key component of TST and were missing at least one component, with feedback most frequently omitted. Conclusions: There are many freely available online videos which could be described as demonstrating TST; very few are suitable to guide skill acquisition. The development of a standardised and validated assessment tool, that is easy to use and assesses the content of TST videos is required to support learners to critically evaluate the educational quality of video content. Guidelines based on sound teaching theory and practice are required to assist creators of online videos to provide suitable resources that meet the learning needs of neurological physiotherapists and students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the advent of Industry 4.0 and the impending shift towards Industry 5.0, the integration of human–robot collaboration (HRC) into production systems has become increasingly widespread. This paradigm shift leverages collaborative robots, or cobots, to mitigate physical and mental strain on human workers, thereby increasing productivity and improving overall quality performance. This paper investigates the interplay of productivity and quality factors with assembly complexity in both manual and collaborative assembly systems. The focus is placed on a product family of electronic boards, with varying levels of assembly complexity, to provide a comprehensive comparison between manual assembly and two different collaborative assembly scenarios. Key performance metrics such as assembly time and total defects are evaluated. This case study, rooted in the electronics industry, seeks to provide a valuable perspective on how assembly complexity influences productivity and quality in product family assembly systems. The results of this study aim to contribute to the growing body of knowledge on the implementation of HRC in manufacturing, facilitate informed decision-making and encourage further advances in this rapidly evolving field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of materials for space exploration is one of the most interesting targets of international space agencies. An essential tool for realizing light junctions is epoxy adhesive (EA), which provides an elastic and robust material with a complex mesh of polymeric chains and crosslinks. In this work, a study of the structural and chemical modification of a commercial two-part flexible EA (3M™ Scotch-Weld™ EC-2216 B/A Gray), induced by 60Co gamma radiation, is presented. Combining different spectroscopic techniques, such as the spectroscopic Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), the THz time-domain spectroscopy (TDS), and the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), a characterization of the EA response in different regions of the electromagnetic spectrum is performed, providing valuable information about the structural and chemical properties of the polymers before and after irradiation. A simultaneous dissociation of polymeric chain and crosslinking formation is observed.The polymer is not subject to structural modification at an absorbed dose of 10 kGy, in which only transient free radicals are observed. Differently, between 100 and 500 kGy, a gradual chemical degradation of the samples is observed together with a broad and long-living EPR signal appearance. This study also provides a microscopic characterization of the material useful for the mechanism evaluation of system degradation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bovine gammaherpesvirus 4 (BoGHV4) is a member of the Gammaherspivirinae subfamily, Rhadinovirus genus. Its natural host is the bovine, and it is prevalent among the global cattle population. Although the complete genome of BoGHV4 has been successfully sequenced, the functions of most of its genes remain unknown. Currently, only six strains of BoGHV4, all belonging to Genotype 1, have been sequenced. This is the first report of the nearly complete genome of Argentinean BoGHV4 strains isolated from clinical cases of abortion, representing the first BoGHV4 Genotype 2 and 3 genomes described in the literature. Both Argentinean isolates presented the highest nt p-distance values, indicating a greater level of divergence. Overall, the considerable diversity observed in the complete genomes and open reading frames underscores the distinctiveness of both Argentinean isolates compared to the existing BoGHV4 genomes. These findings support previous studies that categorized the Argentinean BoGHV4 strains 07-435 and 10-154 as Genotypes 3 and 2, respectively. The inclusion of these sequences represents a significant expansion to the currently limited pool of BoGHV4 genomes while providing an important basis to increase the knowledge of local isolates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this qualitative study, we focus on Las Kellys, a Spanish movement of room attendants who have mobilised against labour precarisation and social devaluation, to address two challenges: (1) to characterise the role of social media in the construction and politicisation of collective identity as a stepping stone to mobilisation, and (2) to describe the lines of interplay between online politicisation of collective identity and other mobilisation factors such as grievances, social embeddedness and efficacy. Findings suggest that (1) room attendants build a politicised collective identity on Facebook, which functions as both an online community of coping and a locus of politicisation and micro-mobilisation, and (2) online politicisation of collective identity happens in online/offline interplay with the process of consensus mobilisation around the room attendants' issues (grievances), the social capital accumulated within intragroup and intergroup networks (social embeddedness) and the expectation of changing conditions and/or policies through protest (efficacy). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To describe a method to calculate the total intra‐articular volume (inter‐osseous space) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) determined by cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT). This could be used as a marker of tissue proliferation and different degrees of soft tissue hyperplasia in juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients. Materials and Methods: Axial single‐slice CBCT images of cross‐sections of the TMJs of 11 JIA patients and 11 controls were employed. From the top of the glenoid fossa, in the caudal direction, an average of 26 slices were defined in each joint (N = 44). The interosseous space was manually delimited from each slice by using dedicated software that includes a graphic interface. TMJ volumes were calculated by adding the areas measured in each slice. Two volumes were defined: Ve−i and Vi, where Ve−i is the inter‐osseous space, volume defined by the borders of the fossa and Vi is the internal volume defined by the condyle. An intra‐articular volume filling index (IF) was defined as Ve−i/Vi, which represents the filling of the space. Results: The measured space of the intra‐articular volume, corresponding to the intra‐articular soft tissue and synovial fluid, was more than twice as large in the JIA group as in the control group. Conclusion: The presented method, based on CBCT, is feasible for assessing inter‐osseus joint volume of the TMJ and delimits a threshold of intra‐articular changes related to intra‐articular soft tissue proliferation, based on differences in volumes. Intra‐articular soft tissue is found to be enlarged in JIA patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The literature on labour conflict in the field of paid care work deals primarily with highly feminized occupations that fit in with the International Labour Organization's (ILO) characterization of the care workforce, such as nurses, domestic workers and childcare providers. We focus instead on room attendants: a highly feminized occupational group that lies beyond the scope of the care economy defined by the ILO. Our analysis draws upon Briskin's 'politicization of caring' through which care workers demand professional recognition, decent working conditions and fair wages, as well as call for the acknowledgement of caring as a collective responsibility. Following this thread, we look into the politicization of hotel housekeeping by Las Kellys, a Spanish movement of room attendants that frames hotel housekeeping as care work with the aim of subverting low social standing and improving precarious working conditions. Such a framing relies on two axes of meaning-making: (1) room attendant as provider of customer well-being, and (2) (hotel) cleaning as undervalued feminized basic care. This article expands the scope of the 'politicization of caring' beyond the limits of the care economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Spanish room attendants' movement, known as 'Las Kellys', has directly challenged hotel owners, unions and local governments. Its actions and results have generated a growing interest in the academic literature on labour and organizations, because it presents as a social phenomenon which seems to sidestep the usual key actions of similar movements. As this case is still very new, there are not yet any systematic academic studies explaining how the Kellys construct their identity as a group and coordinate their actions. Here we present the notion of collective agency as a tool for analysing and understanding these processes. Based on an empirical study conducted in the last three years, we argue that the Kellys constitute a movement which should be understood as a collective agency woven from relationships of solidarity and resistance, which can be summed up in two slogans: 'We are the women who clean' and 'We are the structural base of the hotel'. Both slogans permit the emergence of a profile which gives a specific identity to the work of room attendants in Spain and makes them unique and sui generis among social movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Considering that the bovine uterine infections caused by bacteria make the host more susceptible to secondary infections, we investigated the role of BoGHV4 and bacterial LPS in cell death in an experimental model of endometrial cells. Various techniques, including staining and molecular analysis, were used. The results showed that the level of cell death following BoGHV4 infection is linked to the timing of viral infection and the presence of LPS. Apoptosis was most prominent in cells infected with BoGHV4 and BoGHV4 + LPS, which correlated with the occurrence of cytopathic effects and high viral titers. Morphological, biochemical, and molecular changes were observed during both the early and late stages of apoptosis. These discoveries offer valuable insights into the factors influencing BoGHV4 pathogenesis and provide an understanding of the mechanisms underlying viral infection. The prevalent pathogens associated with bovine uterine infections are bacteria that appear to increase the host's susceptibility to secondary infections with other bacteria or viruses, among which BoGHV4 is the most frequently found. In this work, the study of the pathways of apoptosis induction was carried out on an experimental model of primary culture of endometrial cells, in order to know the implication of BoGHV4 and the presence of bacterial LPS in the pathogenesis of the bovine reproductive tract. For this, different staining techniques and molecular analysis by RT-PCR were used. The results obtained allowed us to conclude that the level of cell death observed in the proposed primary culture is directly related to the time of viral infection and the presence of LPS in BoGHV4 infection. The apoptosis indices in cells infected with BoGHV4 and BoGHV4 + LPS revealed a maximum that correlated with the appearance of cytopathic effects and the maximum viral titers in the model studied. However, morphological, biochemical, and molecular changes were evident during both early and late stages of apoptosis. These findings provide information on the factors that may influence the pathogenesis of BoGHV4 and help to better understand the mechanisms involved in virus infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]