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In this paper, we introduce new quantum divergences of the form \[ \Phi(A, B)={\rm Tr}(A\sigma B - A\tau B), \quad A, B \gt 0, \] Φ (A , B) = Tr (AσB − AτB) , A , B > 0 , where σ and τ are Kubo–Ando operator means such that $ \sigma \ge \tau $ σ ≥ τ. More precisely, we show that $ \Phi (A, B) $ Φ (A , B) is a quantum divergence when σ is the weighted Kubo–Ando matrix power mean and τ is the weighted geometric mean. In addition, we construct a new quantum Hellinger-type divergence using the linear approximation of the function $ \sqrt {x} $ x . We also study the least-squares problem, the data processing inequality, and in-betweenness property of the matrix means with respect to the quantum Hellinger-type divergence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from the leaves and twigs of Knema tonkinensis. The essential oil was analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometer, and a total of eighty-six compounds were identified. The major constituents of the oils were β-pinene, α-pinene, bicyclogermacrene, caryophyllene, and copaene. The essential oil from the leaves showed strong antimicrobial activity against various bacteria and yeast, while the essential oil from the twigs also exhibited antimicrobial activity against certain bacteria. This research was supported by the Ph.D. Scholarship Programme of Vingroup Innovation. [Extracted from the article]

This study proposes the feature representation method of audible sound (AS) signal in the grinding process. The extracted sound feature is provided as the input for the machine learning model to predict the machining surface roughness. Firstly, a sensitive EEMD-IMPE feature set is extracted from the AS signal basing on the combination of the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) and improved multiscale permutation entropy (IMPE) methods. Then, an optimized PSO-LS-SVR predictor model is- established basing on the particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) and least square support vector regression (LS-SVR) to predict the surface roughness. The experiments demonstrated the consistent AS feature, which is specific to the grinding surface quality in a cutting parameter set. The results of the PSO-LS-SVR model show that the extracted EEMD-IMPE feature is used to predict the grinding surface roughness with the high prediction accuracy and can be controlled within 8% of testing data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we propose a new approach for face recognition using low-resolution images. By cleverly combining conventional interpolation methods with the state-of-the-art classification approach, i.e. convolutional neural network, we introduce a new approach to efficiently leverage low-resolution images in classification task, especially in face recognition. Besides, we also do experiments on some recent popular methods, our approach outperforms some of them. Additionally, we propose a specific transfer learning strategy based on the preexisting well-known concept dedicated to low-resolution transfer learning. It boosts performance and reduces training time significantly. We also investigate on scalability by applying Bayesian optimization for hyper-parameter search. Therefore, our approach is able to be widely applied in many kinds of datasets and low-resolution classification tasks due to automatically seeking optimal hyper-parameters, which makes our method competitive to others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study introduces a metric to measure the influence of users and communities on Social Media Networks. The proposed method is a combination of Knowledge Graph and Deep Learning approaches. Particularly, an effective Knowledge Graph is built to represent the interaction activities of users. Besides, an unsupervised deep learning model based on Variational Graph Autoencoder is also constructed to further learn and explore the behavior of users. This model is inspired by conventional Graph Convolutional layers. It is not only able to learn the attribute of users themselves but also enhanced to automatically extract and learn from the relationships among users. The model is robust to unseen data and takes no labeling effort. To ensure the state of the art and fashionable for this work, the dataset is collected by a designed crawling system. The experiments show significant performance and promising results which are competitive and outperforms some well-known Graph-convolutional-based. The proposed approach is applied to build a management system for an influencer marketing campaign, called ADVO system. The ADVO system can detect emerging influencers for a determined brand to run its campaign, and help the brand to manage its campaign. The proposed method is already applied in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seed protein inheritance has been extensively studied; however, genetics of high-protein "BARC-7" soybean are still unknown. In this study, we used 250 F2-derived lines from each of two soybean populations for quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping. UA 5814HP, with high-protein content, tracing to BARC-7 as maternal grandfather, was a common parent. Field experiments were conducted using a randomized complete block design with one replication across four environments. Seed protein and oil were quantified using near-infrared (NIR) instrument. Genetic linkage maps were constructed using the Infinium Soy6KSNP Beadchips. QTL analysis was performed using a composite interval mapping method. QTL for protein and oil were identified on chromosomes 6, 13, and 20. The known major QTL on chromosome 20 was not detected, but a novel QTL further downstream on chromosome 20 (only detected in population two) had high-protein alleles inherited from BARC-7-derived parent. Fine mapping efforts are currently ongoing for confirmation of these results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A social network is one of the efficient tools for information propagation. The content is the bridge between the product and its customers. Evaluating the user's content creation is a valuable feature to improve information spreading on the social network. This paper proposes a method for extracting brand value with influencers by combining the user's amplification and content creation in influencer marketing. The amplification factors are studied based on the propagation of the posts on the social network in a duration time. Those factors are more valuable than before when using influencer marketing at a determined time. Moreover, the content creation score is also studied to measure content creation based on the passion point with a brand and its quality. The amplification factors and content creation score are combined to analyze posts' interest in detecting the emerging influent users for a product in the influencer marketing campaign. Using the amplification factors, the passion points, and the content creation score, a system to manage the influencer marketing on Facebook has been constructed and tested in the real-world campaign. The experimental results show that the proposed method's influencers bring the conversion rate's efficiency and revenue in the influencer marketing campaign. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ohmic curing of two silver micro-particle inks was studied. Silver lines of 35 to 75 µm thick were printed on a mixture of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (PC+ABS) substrate and on a mineral reinforced Nylon 6 thermoplastic, using a laboratory-made system based on a volumetric dosing dispenser. After 48 h of stabilization in ambient conditions, a current is applied through the printed lines with an imposed intensity value and application time in order to cure the silver inks. Evolutions of the temperature and the resistivity of silver tracks were followed during the process. Printed thermoplastics were characterized at the end of the process in order to check the absence of deformation due to the curing treatment. The study showed that the ohmic curing led to better electrical performances than an oven process with a considerable time saving. Most of the printed line resistivity drop occurred in the first 30 s of the treatment. The ohmic curing induced a local increase of temperature located in the printed line and avoided damaging the substrates, which makes the process compatible with thermal sensitive substrates. Therefore, the ohmic curing is an efficient low-cost process to cure silver micro-particle inks that could be easily implemented at an industrial scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Message: Genetic analysis identified a unique combination of major QTL for resistance to important soybean nematodes concurrently present in a single soybean accession, which has not been reported earlier. An exotic soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] accession, PI 567305, was reported to be highly resistant to three important nematode species, soybean cyst (SCN), root-knot (RKN), and reniform (RN) nematodes. However, genetic basis controlling broad-spectrum resistance in this germplasm has not been investigated. We report results of genetic analysis to identify genomic loci conferring resistance to these nematode species. A bi-parental population consisting of 242 F8-derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) was developed from a cross of a nematode susceptible cultivar, Magellan, and resistant accession, PI 567305. The RILs were phenotyped for nematode resistance to three SCN HG types. They were genotyped using the Infinium SoySNP6K BeadChips and genotype-by-sequencing (GBS) methods in an attempt to evaluate the cost-effectiveness and efficiency of these two genotyping platforms. Genetic analysis confirmed the major QTL on chromosomes (Chrs) 10 and 18 with broad-spectrum resistance to the three nematodes present in this germplasm. Haplotype and copy number variation analyses of SCN resistance QTL indicated that PI 567305 has a different haplotype, which is associated with likely a unique SCN resistance mechanism different from Peking- or PI 88788-type resistance. The evaluations of both Infinium Beadchip- and GBS-based genotyping technologies provided comprehensive insights for researchers to choose a cost-effective and efficient platform for QTL mapping and for other genomic studies in soybeans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In most radiomic studies related to cancer research, the traditional tumor‐centric view has predominated. In this retrospective study, we go beyond the single‐tumor region and investigate the utility of proposed radiomic zones for risk classification and clinical outcome predictions using radiomic features extracted from 11C‐choline positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and supervised machine learning in prostate tumors. Materials and Methods: Seventy‐seven prostate tumors were selected and delineated. The prostate organ was divided into three radiomic zones, with zone‐1 being the metabolic tumor zone, zone‐2 the proximal peripheral tumor zone, and zone‐3 the extended peripheral tumor zone. LIFEx was used for PET‐radiomic feature extraction. Risk groups were created using Gleason scores (GS), prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) levels, clinical TNM staging, and progression‐free survival (PFS). Random forest (RF) and AdaBoost advanced machine learning algorithms were used for supervised machine learning. Accuracy, positive predictive value, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AreaROC), and other metrics were calculated for comparisons of predictive performance between zones. Results: For the GS risk classification group, the accuracies of risk classification predictions were 71%, 71%, and 67% using RF and 65%, 64%, and 63% using AdaBoost for zones −1, −2, and −3, respectively. For the PSA group, the accuracies of risk classification predictions were 74%, 65%, and 64% using RF and 76%, 66%, and 67% using AdaBoost for zones −1, −2, and −3, respectively. For the TNM group, the accuracies of risk classification predictions were 68%, 76%, and 78% using RF and 66%, 75%, and 80% using AdaBoost for zones −1, −2, and −3, respectively. For the PFS group, the accuracies of clinical outcome predictions were 77%, 75%, and 83% using RF and 77%, 74%, and 83% using AdaBoost in zones −1, −2, and −3, respectively. Conclusions: We proposed three radiomic zones with different standard uptake value characteristics and created four risk groups of prostate cancer patients for testing this idea. We showed that these radiomic zones have different predicting strengths in classifying risk groups and might allow us to identify a radiomic zone with higher accuracy for patient outcome prediction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Featured Application: This paper presents a method to design a system to manage influencer marketing campaigns. The designed system can determine emerging influencers for a brand by using these measures about amplification factors for evaluating information propagation, the passion point to measure the favorite of a user of a brand, and the content creation score for determining the ability of post-content creation. In a marketing campaign, the designing system manages the parameters of emerging influencers, such as the information diffusion of each influencer, and determines statistically their effectiveness by presenting the conversion rate of clicks and orders, the number of clicks on interactions, and their revenue. Moreover, this system also supports the customer's decision at that moment based on producing the data visualization of the campaign's results. Therefore, the designed management system is helpful for application in an influencer marketing campaign in practice. In the fourth technology revolution, influencer marketing is an essential kind of digital marketing. This marketing uses identified influencers to viral the information of products to target customers. It is useful to support brands exposed to more valuable online consumers. The influencer marketing campaign needs a management system to manage on a social network. This system helps to increase the efficiency of a campaign. This paper proposes a management system for the influencer marketing campaign, called the ADVO system. This system provides a tool for collecting data on a social network and detecting potential brand influencers for the marketing campaign. The meaningful measures for users include amplification factors for evaluating the information propagation, the passion point to measure a user's favorite when it comes to a brand, and the content creation score for determining the ability of post-content creating. The ADVO system helps the brand to make the decision through real-time visual reports of the campaign. It is a foundation to create commercial activities and construct an advocate community of the related brand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, building intelligent systems for science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) education is necessary to support the studying of learners. Intelligent problem solver (IPS) is a system that can be able to solve or tutor how to solve the problems automatically. Learners only declare hypothesis and goal of problems based on a sufficient specification language. They can request the program to solve it automatically or to give instructions that help them to solve it themselves. Knowledge representation plays a vital role in these kinds of intelligent systems. There are various methods for knowledge representation; however, they do not meet the requirements of an IPS in STEM education. In this paper, we propose the criteria of a knowledge model for an IPS in education. These criteria orient to develop a method for knowledge representation to meet actual requirements in practice, especially pedagogical requirements. For proving the effectiveness of these criteria, a knowledge model is also constructed. This model can satisfy these criteria and be applied to build IPS for courses, such as mathematics and physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A compact transition between conductor-backed coplanar waveguide (CBCPW) and substrate integrated suspended line (SISL) is presented. Compared to the reported transitions from CBCPW to SISL, performance and compactness are improved. For demonstration purpose, a multilayer transition is designed and fabricated for operation up to 46 GHz. Experimental results, based on an electronic calibration and thru–reflect–line calibration allowing measurement in the 0.01–50 GHz frequency range, demonstrate an insertion loss of 0.59 ± 0.51 dB with a return loss of better than 10 dB in the 10 MHz to 46 GHz frequency range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study that evaluated the tunneling transport of several indium gallium arsenide-indium phosphide superlattices grown by chemical beam epitaxy. Methodology; Analysis of the formation of a high-field domain in the superlattice; Examination of the temperature and magnetic field dependence of the high-field domain.

A LC-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous determination of okadaic acid, dinophysistoxin-1 and dinophysistoxin-2 in shellfish. The development of such a method was necessary for specific determination of these toxins, which was not assured by available officical methods in Vietnam using mouse bioassay and HPLC with fluorescent detection. Chromatographic separation of toxins was done on a ultra performance C18 column (50 mm x 2.1 mm; 1.8 μm) and isocratic elution was carried out with a acetonitrile - water mixture (35 : 65, v/v) containing 0.1% formic acid and 0.01 M of ammonium formate as mobile phase. The detection of toxins was done with electrospray ionization in negative mode, with the ESI ion source set at 5500 V, using one precursor ion (m/z = 803 for okadaic acid and dinophysistoxin-2, m/z = 817 for dinophysistoxin-2) and two product ions (m/z = 563 and 255) for identification of each toxin and the intensity of product ion m/z = 255 for quantitative determination of each toxin. The method was fully validated and proved to be reliable for intended purpose. The method was applied to analyze 39 oyster samples collected in Thanh Hoa province (Vietnam), in which 6 samples contained trace amounts of okadaic acid (3.1 - 9.5 ppb), 2 other samples contained trace amounts of dinophysistoxin-2 (4.4 and 6.4 ppb). The toxin detection in oyster showed a seasonal variation with higher frequency in dry season. No oyster sample was detected with toxin level higher than accepted limit (160 ppb). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Objective: Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a serious iatrogenic condition, predominantly related to the hormone used to induce oocyte maturation during IVF treatment. Kisspeptin is a hypothalamic neuropeptide that has recently been demonstrated to safely trigger final oocyte maturation during IVF treatment even in women at high risk of OHSS. However, to date, the safety of kisspeptin has not been compared to current hormonal triggers of oocyte maturation. Design: We conducted a retrospective single‐centre cohort study investigating symptoms and clinical parameters of early OHSS in women at high risk of OHSS (antral follicle count or total number of follicles on day of trigger ≥23) triggered with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) (n = 40), GnRH agonist (GnRHa; n = 99) or kisspeptin (n = 122) at Hammersmith Hospital IVF unit, London, UK (2013‐2016). Results: Clinical Parameters of OHSS: Median ovarian volume was larger following hCG (138 ml) than GnRHa (73 ml; P < .0001), and in turn kisspeptin (44 ml; P < .0001). Median ovarian volume remained enlarged 20‐fold following hCG, 8‐fold following GnRHa and 5‐fold following kisspeptin compared to prestimulation ovarian volumes. Mean (±SD) ascitic volumes were lesser following GnRHa (9 ± 44 ml) and kisspeptin (5 ± 8 ml) than hCG (62 ± 84 ml; P < .0001). Symptoms of OHSS were most frequent following hCG and least frequent following kisspeptin. Diagnosis of OHSS: The odds ratio for OHSS diagnosis was 33.6 (CI 12.6‐89.5) following hCG and 3.6 (CI 1.8‐7.1) following GnRHa, when compared to kisspeptin. Conclusion: Triggering oocyte maturation by inducing endogenous gonadotrophin release is preferable to the use of exogenous hCG in women at high risk of OHSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Neoadjuvant pelvic radiotherapy is widely used for patients with advanced rectal cancer. The trade‐off between dose and response is well‐established, yet little consensus remains on the precise methods of delivery and doses given in different scenarios. Professor Vuong reviews the evidence base and trial evidence on the escalation of radiotherapy dose and the methods of achieving this. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mono-, di-, tri-, and tetraarylated thieno[3,2 -b]thiophenes were synthesized by direct site-selective Pd-catalyzed C−H activation reactions with various aryl bromides in the presence of a phosphine-free Pd(OAc)2/KOAc catalyst system in N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc). The arylation of 2-arylthieno[3,2 -b]thiophene took place at the C3 position if the 2-aryl substituents possessed electron-withdrawing groups and at the C5 position if they were bulky and possessed electron-donating groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Biotransformation of blueberry juice by the Serratia vaccinii bacterium gave rise to adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation and glucose uptake in muscle cells and adipocytes, but inhibited adipogenesis. This study investigated the antiobesity and antidiabetic potential of biotransformed blueberry juice (BJ) in KKA(y) mice, rodent model of leptin resistance. Methods: BJ was incorporated in drinking water of KKA(y) mice. Parameters of body weight, food intake, plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, and adiponectin were measured. Before and after therapy, animals were subjected to an oral glucose tolerance test. At the end of treatment, liver, muscle, kidney, epididymal fat pad, abdominal fat pad, and dorsal fat pad were collected and weighed. Results: Incorporating BJ in drinking water protected young KKA(y) mice from hyperphagia and significantly reduced their weight gain. Moreover, BJ protected young KKA(y) mice against the development of glucose intolerance and diabetes mellitus. Chronic BJ administration in obese and diabetic KKA(y) mice reduced food intake and body weight. This effect could not fully explain the associated antidiabetic effect because BJ-treated mice still showed lower blood glucose level when compared with pair-fed controls. The adipokines pathway also seems to be involved because BJ significantly increased adiponectin levels in obese mice. Conclusions: This study shows that BJ decreases hyperglycemia in diabetic mice, at least in part by reversing adiponectin levels. BJ also protects young pre-diabetic mice from developing obesity and diabetes. Thus, BJ may represent a novel complementary therapy and a source of novel therapeutic agents against diabetes mellitus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Minimum energy principles and generalized polarization trial fields are used to derive bounds on the effective elastic moduli of d-dimensional random cell polycrystals, which are extensions of our earlier 3 D (3-dimensional) results. The bounds are specialized to the 2 D random aggregates of square-symmetric crystals, with numerical results for a number of particular crystals. Numerical finite element simulations for sufficiently large random aggregate samples of a particular 2 D random polycrystal model show convergence toward the possible scatter interval for the effective elastic moduli enveloped by the new bounds, which are tighter than the classical Voigt-Reuss-Hill and Hashin-Shtrikman ones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT The use of radio frequency identification (RFID) at millimeter waves has led new applications such as high data rate short range communication, location sensing through narrow-beam antennas, and so forth. In this article, we present the design of an antenna operating in Ka band for RFID applications based on metamaterials. The frequency band of around 30 GHz, allowing a spectral width of 5 GHz, is a possible solution for the integration of radio frequency devices specially a notched patch antenna at 30 GHz with coplanar feed was designed and characterized. The measurements made with the HP 8510p XF network analyzer are consistent with the simulations using the electromagnetic simulation software CST-MW Studio. On this antenna, we used primarily a high impedance surface (HIS) to prohibit the propagation of waves. A partially reflective surface layer is added to this HIS-antenna to increase its directivity and widen the bandwidth. The latter has −25 dB of insertion loss with an impedance bandwidth of 1 GHz and a gain of 14.3 dB at 30 GHz. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1835-1842, 2015 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bi-parental mapping populations have been commonly utilized to identify and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe). Although this approach successfully mapped a large number of SCN resistance QTL, it captures only limited allelic diversity that exists in parental lines, and it also has limitations for genomic resolution. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using a diverse set of 553 soybean plant introductions (PIs) belonging to maturity groups from III to V to detect QTL/genes associated with SCN resistance to HG Type 0. Results: Over 45,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by the SoySNP50K iSelect BeadChip (http//www.soybase.org) were utilized for analysis. GWAS identified 14 loci distributed over different chromosomes comprising 60 SNPs significantly associated with SCN resistance. Results also confirmed six QTL that were previously mapped using bi-parental populations, including the rhg1 and Rhg4 loci. GWAS identified eight novel QTL, including QTL on chromosome 10, which we have previously mapped by using a bi-parental population. In addition to the known loci for four simple traits, such as seed coat color, flower color, pubescence color, and stem growth habit, two traits, like lodging and pod shattering, having moderately complex inheritance have been confirmed with great precision by GWAS. Conclusions: The study showed that GWAS can be employed as an effective strategy for identifying complex traits in soybean and for narrowing GWAS-defined genomic regions, which facilitates positional cloning of the causal gene(s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bi-parental mapping populations have been commonly utilized to identify and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling resistance to soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe). Although this approach successfully mapped a large number of SCN resistance QTL, it captures only limited allelic diversity that exists in parental lines, and it also has limitations for genomic resolution. In this study, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using a diverse set of 553 soybean plant introductions (PIs) belonging to maturity groups from III to V to detect QTL/genes associated with SCN resistance to HG Type 0. Results: Over 45,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by the SoySNP50K iSelect BeadChip (http//www.soybase.org) were utilized for analysis. GWAS identified 14 loci distributed over different chromosomes comprising 60 SNPs significantly associated with SCN resistance. Results also confirmed six QTL that were previously mapped using bi-parental populations, including the rhg1 and Rhg4 loci. GWAS identified eight novel QTL, including QTL on chromosome 10, which we have previously mapped by using a bi-parental population. In addition to the known loci for four simple traits, such as seed coat color, flower color, pubescence color, and stem growth habit, two traits, like lodging and pod shattering, having moderately complex inheritance have been confirmed with great precision by GWAS. Conclusions: The study showed that GWAS can be employed as an effective strategy for identifying complex traits in soybean and for narrowing GWAS-defined genomic regions, which facilitates positional cloning of the causal gene(s). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

STUDY QUESTIONS: Does luteinizing hormone (LH) supplementation improve live birth rate after in vitro fertilization (IVF) in patients aged ≥ 35 years receiving a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist protocol? SUMMARY ANSWER: There was no difference in live birth rate with use of LH during IVF in patients aged ≥ 35 years undergoing IVF treatment using a GnRH antagonist protocol. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: Use of GnRH analogues as part of a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation protocol during IVF treatment cycles decreases the amount of LH available to developing follicles. The role of LH supplementation for improving outcomes in patients undergoing controlled ovarian hyperstimulation as part of assisted reproduction treatments, particularly those involving a GnRH antagonist protocol, is unclear. It has been suggested that higher risk patients (e.g. age ≥ 35 years, poor ovarian reserve) may benefit from LH supplementation. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION: This single-centre, randomized controlled trial was conducted from 1 October 2012 to 30 June 2014. A total of 240 women aged ≥ 35 years undergoing IVF received ovarian stimulation using a GnRH antagonist protocol, with recombinant follicle-stimulating hormone (r-FSH; Gonal-F®) starting from cycle day 2 or 3. GnRH antagonist (Cetrotide®) was administered on Day 5 of r-FSH administration. On Day 6, patients in the LH supplementation group were switched to r-FSH/r-LH (Pergoveris®) 150/75 IU/day. Randomization to study treatments was performed in blocks of 4 via a computer-generated random number list. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS: Of the 240 patients randomized to treatment, 120 received r-FSH/r-LH and 120 received r-FSH. Patients were recruited from the IVFAS, An Sinh Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE: Live birth rate did not differ significantly (P . 0.05) between r-FSH/r-LH and r-FSH recipients (16.7 versus 17.5%; between-group difference 0.8,95% confidence interval [CI] 29.5, 1 1.2). In addition, there were no significant differences between the r-FSH/r-LH and r-FSH groups with respect to the number of oocytes retrieved, implantation rate, miscarriage rate and clinical pregnancy rate. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION: The open-label design could have introduced bias, and the relatively small sample size may have allowed detection of only the most common adverse events. In addition, the study was likely to be underpowered based on differences between the response rate assumptions used in the sample size calculation and the actual response rate during the study. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS: The results of this study found no additional benefit from adding LH supplementation to ovarian stimulation with aGnRH antagonist protocol in women aged > 35 years, and add to the body of evidence in this area. However, findings across studies are still inconsistent and additional research is needed before any clear recommendations for clinical practice can be made. STUDY funding/competing interests: This study was supported by the Research Center for Genetics and Reproductive Health, School of Medicine, Vietnam National University HCMC. The authors state that they have no financial or commercial conflicts of interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]