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Utilizing the 2021 China Health and Pension Tracking Survey national tracking data (CHARLS) and employing an ordered logit empirical model, this study explores the connection between the development of digital inclusive finance and the life satisfaction of elderly individuals in China. With a focus on large-scale survey data, the research investigates the direct and indirect effects of digital inclusive finance on the life satisfaction of the elderly, providing a comprehensive understanding of this relationship. The findings reveal a significant negative impact of digital inclusive finance on the life satisfaction of the elderly. Furthermore, the study identifies emotional comfort and economic support as crucial intermediary variables that play a role in the impact of digital inclusive finance on life satisfaction. This study highlights the need for policymakers to consider the emotional well-being of elderly individuals when promoting digital inclusive finance and emphasizes the importance of addressing the emotional comfort channel in such initiatives. By bridging the research gap in this area and offering novel insights, this study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the well-being of elderly individuals in the context of digital finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The double flower developmental process is regulated via a complex transcriptional regulatory network. To understand this highly dynamic and complex developmental process of Dianthus spp., we performed a comparative analysis of floral morphology and transcriptome dynamics in simple flowers and double flowers. We found that the primordium of double flowers of 'X' was larger in size compared to that of simple flowers of 'L' in Dianthus chinensis. RNA-seq and Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) during flower development, identified stage-specific gene network modules. Expression analysis by RNA-seq indicated that a group of genes related to floral meristem identity, primordia position and polarity were highly expressed in double flowers genotypes compared to simple flowers genotypes, suggesting their roles in double-petal formation. A total of 21 DEGs related to petal number were identified between simple and double flowers. The experiments of in situ hybridization revealed that DcaAP2L, DcaLFY and DcaUFO genes were expressed in the intra-sepal boundary and petal boundary. We proposed a potential transcriptional regulatory network for simple and double flower development. This study provides novel insights into the molecular mechanism underlying double flower formation in Dianthus spp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Oil palm is the world's highest yielding oil crop and its palm oil has high nutritional value, making it an oilseed plant with important economic value and application prospects. After picking, oil palm fruits exposed to air will gradually become soft and accelerate the process of fatty acid rancidity, which will not only affect their flavor and nutritional value, but also produce substances harmful to the human body. As a result, studying the dynamic change pattern of free fatty acids and important fatty acid metabolism-related regulatory genes during oil palm fatty acid rancidity can provide a theoretical basis for improving palm oil quality and extending its shelf life. Methods: The fruit of two shell types of oil palm, Pisifera (MP) and Tenera (MT), were used to study the changes of fruit souring at different times points of postharvesting, combined with LC-MS/MS metabolomics and RNA-seq transcriptomics techniques to analyze the dynamic changes of free fatty acids during fruit rancidity, and to find out the key enzyme genes and proteins in the process of free fatty acid synthesis and degradation according to metabolic pathways. Results and discussion: Metabolomic study revealed that there were 9 different types of free fatty acids at 0 hours of postharvest, 12 different types of free fatty acids at 24 hours of postharvest, and 8 different types of free fatty acids at 36 hours of postharvest. Transcriptomic research revealed substantial changes in gene expression between the three harvest phases of MT and MP. Combined metabolomics and transcriptomics analysis results show that the expression of SDR, FATA, FATB and MFP four key enzyme genes and enzyme proteins in the rancidity of free fatty acids are significantly correlated with Palmitic acid, Stearic acid, Myristic acid and Palmitoleic acid in oil palm fruit. In terms of binding gene expression, the expression of FATA gene and MFP protein in MT and MP was consistent, and both were expressed higher in MP. FATB fluctuates unevenly in MT and MP, with the level of expression growing steadily in MT and decreasing in MP before increasing. The amount of SDR gene expression varies in opposite directions in both shell types. The above findings suggest that these four enzyme genes and enzyme proteins may play an important role in regulating fatty acid rancidity and are the key enzyme genes and enzyme proteins that cause differences in fatty acid rancidity between MT and MP and other fruit shell types. Additionally, differential metabolite and differentially expressed genes were present in the three postharvest times of MT and MP fruits, with the difference occurring 24 hours postharvest being the most notable. As a result, 24 hours postharvest revealed the most obvious difference in fatty acid tranquility between MT and MP shell types of oil palm. The results from this study offer a theoretical underpinning for the gene mining of fatty acid rancidity of various oil palm fruit shell types and the enhancement of oilseed palm acid-resistant germplasm cultivation using molecular biology methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flowers with more petals are of more ornamental value. It is well known that AGAMOUS (AG) is the core member of the C-class gene which plays an essential role in double flower formation and identification of stamens and carpels in Arabidopsis thaliana. We searched C-class genes in the genome of the carnation, and found two AG orthologs (DcaAGa, DcaAGb). Phylogenetic analysis showed that the two genes were closely related to the euAG subclade. Then we searched the genomes of other Caryophyllales plants (Beta vulgaris, Spinacia oleracea, Chenopodium quinoa) for C-class genes, and found that their C-class genes all belonged to the euAG subclade. Semi-quantitative PCR (sq-PCR) analysis indicated that the expression of DcaAG genes in the single flower phenotype was higher than that in the double flower phenotype. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that the expressions of DcaAG genes in the flower bud were significantly different from those in the root, stem, and leaf between the single and double flower phenotype carnations, and that DcaAG genes were specifically expressed in the stamen and carpel of carnation. Moreover, the expression of other floral organ identity genes (AP1 and AP2, PI and AP3, SEP1 and SEP3 corresponding to the A-, B-, and E-class of genes, respectively) showed no significant difference in all floral organs between the single and double flower phenotype carnations, suggesting that C-class (DcaAG) genes might play an important role in the double flower phenotype in carnation. Petal loss or decrease, precocious flowering, silique shortening, and seed sterility were observed in 35S::DcaAGa and 35S::DcaAGb transgenic Arabidopsis plants. All these results show that DcaAG genes might affect the petal number negatively and have a specific function in stamen and carpel development in carnation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The urban-rural consumption gap under the influence of the household registration system is a social issue with Chinese characteristics. Can the current reform of the household registration system eliminate this gap? Using the survey data from Chinese Household Income Project (CHIP), this paper adopts the methods of Propensity Score Matching (PSM) and RIF (Re-centered Influence Function) Quantile Decomposition to quantitatively analyze the impact of changes in household registration on the consumption level of "urban hukou (household registration) obtainers" and the influence mechanism. Studies show: (1) There is still a significant difference in the consumption level between "urban hukou obtainers" and urban natives after the citizenization, and the consumption gap between the two groups is even greater after taking endogenous problems into consideration; (2) The impact of the citizenization on the consumption level of "urban hukou obtainers" has a significant heterogeneity. There are significant consumption differences due to different sources of the household registration, and this consumption gap has an expanding trend over time; (3) By decomposition, it is found that such consumption gap mainly comes from the gaps in income and social security between the two groups and its mechanism has been confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cymbidium goeringii Rchb.f. is an important ornamental plant with a striking well‐differentiated lip. Its complex floral architecture presents an exciting opportunity to examine perianth development. In flowering plants, class A, B and E floral homeotic genes play key roles in the specification of perianth identity. In this study, we used a cDNA library of wild‐type C. goeringii flower buds for transcriptome sequencing. Eighteen candidate class A, B and E genes (including AP1/FUL‐, AP2‐, DEF‐, GLO‐, SEP‐ and AGL6‐like genes) were identified. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) results showed that CgDEF1, CgSEP2 and CgAGL6‐1 were strongly detected only in the sepals and petals and were significantly downregulated in the lips. CgDEF3, CgDEF4 and CgAGL6‐3 were highly expressed in the lips and lip‐like petals but were only minimally detected in the sepals. Yeast two‐hybrid analysis indicated that CgDEF1 and CgGLO formed a heterodimer. CgAGL6‐1/CgSEP2 and CgDEF1 formed higher‐order protein complexes with the assistance of the CgGLO protein, and both CgAGL6‐1 and CgSEP2 formed a heterodimer. CgDEF3/CgDEF4 could interact independently with CgGLO and CgAGL6‐3, respectively, while CgDEF3 and CgDEF4 also formed heterodimers with the assistance of the CgGLO. Based on a comprehensive analysis relating these gene expression patterns to protein interaction profiles, the mechanism of sepal/petal/lip determination was studied in C. goeringii. Furthermore, a hypothesis explaining the sepal/petal/lip determination of C. goeringii is proposed. The lip‐quartet (CgDEF3/CgDEF4/CgAGL6‐3/CgGLO) promoted lip formation, whereas the sepal/petal‐quartet (CgDEF1/CgAGL6‐1/CgSEP2/CgGLO) promoted sepal/petal formation. These results enrich the current knowledge regarding the mechanism and pathways of perianth formation in orchids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]