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Objectives: Hepcidin is a biomarker produced by hepatocytes in chronic disease anemia and is known to increase during chronic inflammation. This study compares the hepcidin levels in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients and controls, evaluating its relationship with anemia and systemic inflammation in IPF patients. Methods: This study included 82 IPF patients and 31 controls. Hepcidin levels were compared between the two groups. In the IPF group, the hepcidin and anemia parameters were compared between anemic and non-anemic patients. The significance between the hepcidin and systemic inflammation parameters such as Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, CRP (C-reactive protein) levels, ferritin levels, and the Systemic Immune–Inflammation Index (SII) was investigated. Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and ferritin levels were measured using automated analyzers. Hepcidin and erythropoietin (EPO) levels were determined using ELISA kits. Results: A significant difference in hepcidin levels was found between the IPF and control groups (37.13 ± 14.92 vs. 25.77 ± 11.25, p < 0.001). No significant difference in hepcidin levels was found between anemic and non-anemic IPF patients (38.25 ± 16.2 vs. 36.7 ± 14.6, p = 0.719). No significant correlation was found between hepcidin levels and anemia parameters (serum iron, ferritin, vitamin B12, serum transferrin, transferrin saturation, total iron-binding capacity, hemoglobin, folate, and erythropoietin) in IPF patients. Despite significant differences in the systemic inflammation parameters (ferritin and CRP) between patients and controls, no significant correlation was found between their hepcidin and systemic inflammation parameters. Conclusions: Our study demonstrates that the hepcidin levels in IPF patients are elevated independently of anemia and systemic inflammation. We propose that hepcidin could be a potential biomarker to be investigated in IPF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study developed an innovative biosensor strategy for the sensitive and selective detection of canine mammary tumor biomarkers, cancer antigen 15–3 (CA 15–3) and mucin 1 (MUC-1), integrating green silver nanoparticles (GAgNPs) with machine learning (ML) algorithms to achieve high diagnostic accuracy and potential for noninvasive early detection. The GAgNPs-enhanced electrochemical biosensor demonstrated selective detection of CA 15–3 in serum and MUC-1 in tissue homogenates, with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.07 and 0.11 U mL−1, respectively. The nanoscale dimensions of the GAgNPs endowed them with electrochemically active surface areas, facilitating sensitive biomarker detection. Experimental studies targeted CA 15–3 and MUC-1 biomarkers in clinical samples, and the biosensor exhibited ease of use and good selectivity. Furthermore, ML algorithms were employed to analyze the electrochemical data and predict biomarker concentrations, enhancing the diagnostic accuracy. The Random Forest algorithm achieved 98% accuracy in tumor presence prediction, while an Artificial Neural Network attained 76% accuracy in CA 15–3-based tumor grade classification. The integration of ML techniques with the GAgNPs-based biosensor offers a promising approach for noninvasive, accurate, and early detection of canine mammary tumors, potentially revolutionizing veterinary diagnostics. This multilayered strategy, combining eco-friendly nanomaterials, electrochemical sensing, and ML algorithms, holds significant potential for advancing both biomedical research and clinical practice in the field of canine mammary tumor diagnostics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Integrating fiber reinforcement plastics (FRP) materials into the industry plays a key role especially for pipes. However, due to the production methods of CFRP pipes, surface finishing processes are inevitable at the end of production. Despite the widespread use of CFRP materials, the predominant focus in the literature has been on their mechanical performance. This study aims to contribute to the limited research on the machinability of CFRP materials. In this context, the turning machining process for CFRP pipes was experimentally investigated in the present study. For this purpose, carbon fiber pipes with an inner diameter of 30 mm and an outer diameter of 60 mm were produced and subjected to computer numerical control (CNC) turning. First, a cylindrical aluminum pipe is used as a mold to manufacture CFRP pipes. Unidirectional (UD) carbon fabrics were wrapped on these aluminum molds. Shrink tape was used to enhance the surface smoothness and required pressure to prevent delaminating of the end product during the process. UD carbon fabrics are wrapped on to the mold at the selected angles (0°, 45°, and 90°) and the CFRP pipe specimens were manufactured using epoxy matrix. Pipes were processed on CNC lathe at 120, 160, 200 rev/min speeds and f 0.4 mm/rev feed rate. The surfaces of the machined specimens were measured with a microscope and a surface roughness device. On the other hand, wear on the tools was observed after the process. Highlights: CFRP pipes were produced with different fibre orientations, i.e., 0°, 45°, and 90°.All CFRP pipes are made under equal conditions and cured at 80°.Turning of CFRP pipes was examined under dry environments.Performance criteria: surface roughness, temperature, tool wear, and chip formation were explored.45° fibre angles CFRP pipes showed the best machinability performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thermal indices and thermal comfort maps have great importance in developing health-minded climate action strategies and livable urban layouts. Especially in cities where vulnerability to heatwaves is high, it is necessary to detect the most appropriate indicators for the regional characteristics and action planning with respect to thermal comfort. The aim of the study is to examine thermal indices as indicators of regional climate characteristics by relating to meteorological parameters and spatial features. Atmospheric variables including air temperature, wind speed, cloud cover, and relative humidity data were obtained from 30 meteorological stations located in districts having different climatic features. Heat stress levels for apparent temperature (AT), heat index (HI), wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT), physiological equivalent temperature (PET), universal thermal climate index (UTCI), and perceived temperature (PT) indices were calculated and associated with meteorological parameters. Thermal comfort maps have been created with the daily mean and maximum values of all indices. As a result, the meteorological parameters with the strongest correlation with all thermal indices are air temperature (Ta) with r = 0.89 ± 0.01 and mean radiant temperature (Tmrt) with r = 0.75 ± 0.16. The differences in thermal stress levels over the city have been distinctively observed in the ATmax, PETmax, and PTmax maps, which are generated by the daily maximum values of the indices. Çatalca, where forests cover large areas compared to highly urbanized districts, has the lowest heat stress defined by all indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Effective postoperative pain management is pivotal for recovery, with an increasing focus on non-opioid analgesics. This study evaluates the efficacy of gabapentin in reducing postoperative opioid usage and pain after spinal surgeries in adults. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective randomized placebo- controlled trials comparing preoperative gabapentin with placebo in adult spinal surgery patients. Primary outcomes included opioid consumption in the first 24 hours postoperatively, converted to oral morphine equivalents. Secondary outcomes assessed were Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores and side effects within the same period. Thirteen of 674 studies met inclusion criteria, encompassing 843 participants. Gabapentin significantly decreased opioid consumption (mean difference [MD]: -39.91, 95% CI: -66.40 to -13.41; p=0.0069) and reduced VAS pain scores at various postoperative intervals, despite high heterogeneity (I²=96.8%). Preoperative gabapentin reduces opioid consumption and early postoperative pain in spinal surgery patients. Further research is needed to ascertain the optimal dosing and potential impacts on postoperative complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) is the most common biomarker used to diagnose and monitor ovarian cancer progression for the last four decades, and precise detection of its levels in blood serum is crucial. In this work, label-free impedimetric CA125 immunosensors were fabricated by using screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with poly toluidine blue (PTB) (in deep eutectic solvent)/gold nanoparticles (AuNP) for the sensitive, environmentally friendly, economical, and practical analysis of CA125. The materials of PTBDES and AuNP were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). The analysis of the CA125 was performed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and the developed immunosensor. The immunosensor's repeatability, reproducibility, reusability, selectivity, and storage stability were examined. The developed label-free immunosensor allowed the determination of CA125 in fast, good repeatability and a low limit of detection (1.20 pg mL−1) in the linear range of 5–100 pg mL−1. The stable surface of the fabricated immunosensor was successfully regenerated ten times. The application of immunosensors in commercial human blood serum was performed, and good recoveries were achieved. The disposable label-free impedimetric CA125 immunosensor developed for the rapid and practical detection of CA125 is a candidate for use in point-of-care tests in clinical applications of ovarian cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Route Educational & Social Science Journal (Ress Journal) is the property of Ress Academy Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The novel, which often portrays fictional characters and events, narrates human experiences through its vast and imaginative realms. It is influenced by society's political, social, economic, and cultural phenomena existing in society are recreated within the fictional universe. Yaşar Kemal, who aimed to depict society through his novels, assumed the role of a mirror to society through his Works. This article examines the textual manifestations of rebellion and resistance in Yşar Kemal's novels written between 1950 and 1960, namely Teneke, İnce Memed 1, Ortadirek. Rebellion is a result of the individual's oppositional stance towards elements. The individual confronts and opposes the status quo, rejecting and rebelling against it. Resisting the situation or phenomenon created by the status quo, especially when the individual perceives the loss of justice and rights, prompts action. The individual challenges the ultimate authority -- a local chief, headman, notable figure, or sometimes the individual themselves or nature. The reflection of the existing situation in the societal realm onto the fictional universe is inevitable. Rebellion finds its place in numerous literary Works. This study aims to examine Yaşar Kemal's a early novels written between 1950 and 1960, infused with themes of rebellion and resistance, and uncover the deconstruction of rebellion in the fictional universe as a sociological phenomenon through novels. The study also addresses the rebellion arising from the blow to the individual's self- perfection of 'self' and its reflection in the fictional World. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiopacity of single‐shade composite resins with group and multi‐shade composite resins via a digital image analysis. Materials and Methods: Disc‐shaped (5 mm in diameter, 2 mm in thickness) specimens were prepared with one multi‐shade (Estelite Sigma Quick‐ESQ), four single‐shade (Omnichroma‐OC, Charisma Topaz One‐CTO, Vitra Unique‐VU, and ZenChroma‐ZC), three group‐shade (G‐aenial Achord‐GA, Optishade‐OS, and Estelite Asteria‐EA), and one posterior composite resin (Estelite Posterior‐EP) (n = 3). A radiographic image of all the specimens, an aluminum step‐wedge, and a 2 mm thick tooth section were taken. Mean gray values (MGV) of the specimens, enamel, and dentin were calculated by ImageJ software. Composition analysis was performed with EDS, and SEM images (×10,000) were obtained. The data were analyzed with Kruskal‐Wallis and Post hoc adjusted Bonferroni analysis (p = 0.05). Results: The mean MGV of CTO, the highest of all test groups, was significantly higher than OC and dentin (p = 0.04 and p = 0.009, relatively). The lowest mean MGV was also observed in a single‐shade group, OC. EDS analysis showed that the tested materials comprised various radiopaque elements. Conclusions: All of the single‐shade and group‐shade groups exceeded the MGV value of dentin, which is clinically expected from any restorative material. Clinical Significance: The radiopacity properties of various single‐shade composite resins which as a category is a rising trend in esthetic dentistry were investigated. It is important for clinicians to be aware of novel materials' physical qualities including radiopacity, a daily clinical criteria for restorative materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The determination of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) play critical roles in chemical, environmental, and biological processes. In this study, non-enzymatic dual sensors for the simultaneous amperometric determination of NADH and H2O2 were prepared based on a dual screen-printed carbon electrode (DSPCE) modified with reduced graphene oxide (RGO), polyneutral red (PNR), and gold nanoparticles (AuNP). The DSPCE/RGO/PNR/AuNP electrode was characterized by cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. RGO/PNR/AuNP materials showed an electrocatalytic effect on the electrooxidation of NADH and the electroreduction of H2O2. Simultaneous amperometric determination of NADH and H2O2 was performed at + 0.15 V and − 0.45 V, respectively. The developed dual sensor allowed the simultaneous determination of both analytes in fast, high repeatability and sensitivity (2.28 µA mM−1 for NADH and 2.70 µA mM−1 for H2O2) and a low limit of detection (5.53 µA for NADH and 8.35 µA for H2O2). The application stability of the dual sensor was tested for 45 days. The simultaneous determination of NADH and H2O2 in blood serum was performed using the fabricated non-enzymatic dual sensor, and high recoveries were obtained. The developed disposable dual sensors can be used in point-of-care tests for simultaneous amperometric determination of NADH and H2O2. A disposable non-enzymatic dual sensor for simultaneous amperometric determination of NADH and H2O2 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acibadem Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Acibadem University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cancer antigen 125 (CA125) and human epididymal secretory protein 4 (HE4) are critical biomarkers for ovarian cancer diagnosis and progression monitoring; therefore, sensitive determination of their levels in body fluids is crucial. In recent study, label-free CA125 and HE4 immunosensors were prepared using disposable screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with reduced graphene oxide, polythionine, and gold nanoparticles for the sensitive, fast, and practical determination of CA125 and HE4. Differential pulse voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy methods were used for the electrochemical determination of antigens in four different linear ranges (1-100 pg mL− 1, 0.01-10 ng mL− 1, 10–50 ng mL− 1, and 50–500 ng mL− 1). High sensitivity, low limit of detection, and limit of quantification were obtained for each linear range with a correlation coefficient above 0.99. The application stability of CA125 and HE4 immunosensors was determined as 60 days, and the storage stability was determined as 16 weeks. Immunosensors showed high selectivity in nine different antigen mixtures. The reusability of the immunosensors has been tested up to 9 cycles. The Risk of Ovarian Malignancy Algorithm score% values were calculated using the concentration of CA125 and HE4 in the blood serum and evaluated in terms of ovarian cancer risk. For the point-of-care testing, CA125 and HE4 levels at pg mL− 1 concentration were measured in blood serum samples using the developed immunosensors and a hand-held electrochemical reader in approximately 20–30 s, and high recoveries were obtained. These disposable label-free immunosensors are user-friendly and can be used in point-of-care tests for rapid and practical detection of CA125 and HE4 with high selectivity, sensitivity, and repeatability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With advancing age, the skeletal muscle phenotype is characterized by a progressive loss of mass, strength, and quality. This phenomenon, known as sarcopenia, has a negative impact on quality of life and increases the risk of morbidity and mortality in older adults. Accumulating evidence suggests that damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria play a critical role in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia. Lifestyle modifications, such as physical activity, exercise, and nutrition, as well as medical interventions with therapeutic agents, are effective in the management of sarcopenia and offer solutions to maintain and improve skeletal muscle health. Although a great deal of effort has been devoted to the identification of the best treatment option, these strategies are not sufficient to overcome sarcopenia. Recently, it has been reported that mitochondrial transplantation may be a possible therapeutic approach for the treatment of mitochondria-related pathological conditions such as ischemia, liver toxicity, kidney injury, cancer, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Given the role of mitochondria in the function and metabolism of skeletal muscle, mitochondrial transplantation may be a possible option for the treatment of sarcopenia. In this review, we summarize the definition and characteristics of sarcopenia and molecular mechanisms associated with mitochondria that are known to contribute to sarcopenia. We also discuss mitochondrial transplantation as a possible option. Despite the progress made in the field of mitochondrial transplantation, further studies are needed to elucidate the role of mitochondrial transplantation in sarcopenia. Key messages: Sarcopenia is the progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and quality. Although the specific mechanisms that lead to sarcopenia are not fully understood, mitochondria have been identified as a key factor in the development of sarcopenia. Damaged and dysfunctional mitochondria initiate various cellular mediators and signaling pathways, which largely contribute to the age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength. Mitochondrial transplantation has been reported to be a possible option for the treatment/prevention of several diseases. Mitochondrial transplantation may be a possible therapeutic option for improving skeletal muscle health and treating sarcopenia. Mitochondrial transplantation as a possible treatment option for sarcopenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The basic conditions of working in a healthy and safe workplace are to design the job in accordance with the anthropometric measurements, body strength and personal characteristics of the person, to ensure that the materials, machinery and equipment used in the working process are suitable for the employee's capacity, and to provide an environment that will produce positive psycho-social results. Correct analysis methods should be used and evaluated in order to meet this basic requirement. Identifying the negative effects of working postures, taking corrective measures and improving them is a critical step of an efficient working environment. Working postures that are not properly analyzed cause strain on workers and even discomfort. It provides important contributions in the field of analyzing and improving working postures with scientific methods, controlling work performance and reducing musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). OWAS (Ovako Working Posture Analyzing System) and RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) are successfully applied in various fields in the analysis of working postures. In this study, it was aimed to determine the MSDs risk levels of the workers working in the rubber industry by OWAS and RULA methods and measures were proposed for these risks. While OWAS analysis was obtained by using expert opinions in the study, CATIAV5R20 program was used for RULA analysis. The study includes the examination of 5 different postures in total. In the OWAS and RULA results of the study, it was seen that the most risky postures are attach the rubber hose to the cores and to place the rubber hoses attached to the cores in the autoclave. The results of the analysis showed that the RULA method is more suitable and reliable than the OWAS method for the analysis of the tasks in the vulcanization process workstations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Veterinaria is the property of University of Sarajevo, Veterinary Faculty and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aims to evaluate the impact of urban spatial expansion on the landscape patterns of coastal cities in Türkiye through the use of spatio-temporal indices. To this end, temporal samples covering a period of approximately 30 years (1986–2000 and 2000–2015) were analyzed for six selected coastal cities in Türkiye. The urban spatial growth patterns in these cities were characterized using 17 geospatial indices, and Pearson's correlation coefficient and principal component analysis were employed to assess the quantitative relationships between urban spatial development and the fragmentation of landscape networks. The results of the study demonstrated that the patterns of landscape fragmentation caused by the spatial growth patterns of the selected coastal cities can be divided into two categories: disconnected landscape connections and perforated landscape patterns. Leapfrog development was identified as a major factor in the fragmentation of landscape continuity, leading to the formation of perforated green structures. The findings of this research can serve as spatial guidelines for addressing disconnected landscapes, a crucial factor in enhancing urban sustainability in Türkiye's coastal cities. Furthermore, the outcomes of this study may be useful for informing the national well-being strategy for urban planning and natural mitigating policies in Türkiye's coastal regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to compare the susceptibility to discoloration of dental restorative materials containing dimethacrylate resin after bleaching. In this study, resin-modified glass ionomer, polyacid-modified composite resin, giomer, posterior composite resin, anterior composite resin, bulk fill composite resin, flowable bulk fill composite resin, ormocer, indirect composite resin and hybrid ceramics were used as restorative material containing dimethacrylate resin. 20 samples were prepared from each material in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. After the baseline colors are measured, the samples were randomly divided into four subgroups as office bleaching, home bleaching and a separate control group for each type bleaching method. Then, the samples were bleached and colored. Color measurements of the samples were repeated after exposure to bleaching and coloring. Then, ΔE00 and whiteness index (WID) were calculated. Data were analyzed using Paired-Samples T Test, two-way ANOVA, Repeated Measures ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc tests. Statistical significance level was taken as p < 0.05. In terms of bleaching systems, Opalescence Boost was found to cause more whitening in materials but more discoloration (p < 0.05). In terms of materials, it was found that the most susceptible materials to coloration were Clearfil Majesty Posterior, Filtek Bulk Fill Posterior Restorative, Filtek Bulk Fill Flowable and Fuji II LC, while the least susceptible materials were CAD/CAM materials (p < 0.05). The bleaching process increases the susceptibility to coloration of materials containing dimethacrylate resin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to measure age-friendliness based on the walkability indices of the older people to urban facilities in the sample area of Istanbul, Turkey and the various districts within. It focuses on three key urban facilities in age-friendly cities: open public spaces, health services and basic needs; Quantitative datasets are also utilised in order to measure the age-friendliness of the urban environment. There are two main quantitative dimensions of the study: to generate accessible areas to facilities and to identify age-friendly values within the identified accessibility areas. To measure age-friendliness, new index sets were created using the Age-Friendly Approach Index and the Weighted Age-Friendly Approach Index. The results underline that the most age-friendly areas of open spaces are in the districts: Fatih, Beyoğlu and Üsküdar; the most age-friendly areas of health services are in Kadıköy, Şişli, Beyoğlu, Fatih, Bayrampaşa, Güngören and Bahçelievler; the most age-friendly areas of basic needs are in Fatih, Kadıköy, Şişli and Gaziosmanpaşa. Overall, Fatih, Kadıköy, Beyoğlu and Şişli districts were found to have the widest age-friendly accessible areas, whilst districts moving towards the periphery of the city decrease in terms of age-friendliness. The least accessible areas are found in Beykoz, Çekmeköy, Büyükçekmece and Silivri. The results allow us to discuss, compare and better understand age-friendliness and local government policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, 4-Vinyl pyridine grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate), (4VP-g-PET), fibers were synthesized using the radical polymerization method and used as a novel adsorbent for removing selenite (SeO32−) ions from aqueous solutions. SEM and FTIR spectroscopy were used to examine the structure of the synthesized fibers. Batch experiments were used to conducted the adsorption research. Parameters affecting the adsorption performance like pH, grafting yield, adsorption time, initial selenite concentration and temperature were investigated. The best removal of selenite ions was attained at pH 6. Interestingly, the fibers displayed significant adsorption potential at higher pHs even in highly alkaline environments. Within 3 h, adsorption equilibrium was established, and kinetically, the adsorption process was found to obey the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Grafting yield increased the amount of selenium adsorption up to 47 percent. The synthesized fibers' maximum selenite adsorption ability was found to be 26.91 mg g−1. Thermodynamic parameters ΔH0, ΔS0 and ΔG0 of the adsorption were also calculated. The adsorption reaction was determined to be exothermic. The possible adsorption routes were proposed. The synthetic adsorbent, 4VP-g-PET fibers, may be a promising alternative adsorbent for removing selenite from aqueous media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Population density is important spatial information for addressing the use and access to land resources in cities under the Sustainable Development Goals. This is because the spatial data support appropriate spatial policies at the spatial scale and predicts how much land will be consumed in the future. The study aims to compare and evaluate the regression tools in the context of estimating the population density difference. The three analysis tools used are Random Forest-Based Classification, Multiple Linear Regression, and Geographically Weighted Regression. The sampling area covers cities around Türkiye. Comparative results showed that the two most important descriptive variables in the Random Forest-Based Classification model are the density difference of the new developed area and the connectivity. The three main explanatory variables of the Multiple Linear Regression model are centrality, vehicle ownership, and accessibility. The results of the Multiple Linear Regression model (a non-spatial model) and the Geographically Weighted Regression model (a spatial model), were found to be quite similar. The importance of accessibility and connectivity is more evident in the Multiple Linear Regression model when the Random Forest-Based Classification model highlights the density values in the new development areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Difficulty in acceptance of illness and adherence to fluid control are common in patients receiving haemodialysis treatment, and they are associated with higher morbidity and mortality. This study aims to identify the effects of the training based on the Roy Adaptation Model, which is given to patients receiving haemodialysis treatment on the acceptance of illness, and adherence to fluid control. Material and Methods: The study was designed as a nonrandomised interventional study. This study was conducted with 81 patients, who received haemodialysis treatment. The experimental group was given training according to the Roy Adaptation Model for six months. Data were collected through the Patient Identification Form, Acceptance of Illness Scale, and Fluid Control Scale in Haemodialysis Patients. Results: While the difference between the experimental and control groups' second interview Acceptance of Illness Scale mean score was not statistically significant, the difference between the score of Fluid Control Scale in Haemodialysis Patients were statistically significant. Conclusion: The training based on the Roy Adaptation Model given to the experimental group caused an increase in adherence to fluid control but had no effects on the acceptance of illness levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the type and amount of monomer released over time after bleaching was applied to dental restorative materials containing dimethacrylate resin. Materials and methods: Thirteen different restorative materials containing dimethacrylate resin were used in this study. Twenty samples were prepared from each material and the samples were randomly divided into 4 subgroups, namely, office bleaching, home bleaching, and separate control group for each of the bleaching methods. After bleaching, the samples were stored in 75% ethanol solution for 1, 14, and 28 days. Analysis of the samples collected to determine the type and amount of residual monomer released from the materials was performed using a liquid chromatography-tandem mass/mass spectrometer (LC–MS/MS). Data were analyzed using Friedman and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Statistical significance level was taken as p < 0.05. Results: In terms of bleaching groups, mostly no significant difference was found between the groups in each time period in restorative materials (p > 0.05). In terms of time periods, it was determined that the amount of release of all monomers was decreased over time. In terms of restorative materials, the highest monomer release was detected in composite resin groups and the least monomer release was detected in CAD/CAM blocks. Conclusion: Although monomers were released from all materials, bleaching did not affect the amount of released monomer. Amounts of released monomers were generally below toxic limits. Clinical relevance: Within the limits of this study, bleaching does not significantly affect monomer release in restorative materials containing dimethacrylate resin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to investigate modes of transmission and clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 in healthcare workers in pediatric intensive care units. Materials and Methods: This multicenter descriptive study was conducted between March and November 2020. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, origin of coronavirus disease 2019, treatment modalities, and loss of workdays were recorded. Results: Seven hundred and sixty-eight healthcare workers from 16 pediatric intensive care units were enrolled and 114 (14.8%) healthcare workers with a mean age of 29.7 ± 6.7 years became coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Seventy-six (66.7%) patients were female. Approximately half (54.3%) of the patients were physicians, 34.2% were nurses, and 11.4% were ancillary staff. Transmission was deemed to occur through patient contact in 54.3% of the patients. Comorbid illness was present 10.5% of the patients. Transmission occurred during endotracheal intubation in 21%, cardiopulmonary resuscitation in 9.6%, and non-invasive ventilation in 12.2% of patients, while transmission was a result of multiple possible procedures in 43.8%. Intensive care admission was needed for 13.1% of the patients. Five patients needed oxygen by cannula, 7 needed oxygen with a non-rebreathing mask, 5 needed high-flow nasal cannula support, 5 needed non-invasive ventilation, and 3 needed invasive mechanical ventilation. Fortunately, no infected healthcare workers died. Conclusion: Coronavirus disease 2019 in healthcare workers is a significant problem in pediatric intensive care units. Transmission seems to occur particularly frequently during patient care procedures such as intubation, ventilation and aerosol therapy, which highlights the importance of proper use of full sets of personal protective equipment during all procedures during care of coronavirus disease 2019 patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a fatal disease presenting with respiratory failure. Patients with ARDS account for a considerable portion of patients staying in the intensive care unit (ICU). Therefore, advances in the treatment of these patients are of great importance. Direct or indirect injury to the lung initiates an inflammatory process. This results in impaired integrity of the alveolar-capillary membrane, pulmonary edema, and severe hypoxia. The present study compared hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), ozone, and dexpanthenol therapies administered to rats with experimentally induced ARDS, as well as the efficacy of these therapies. METHODS: Thirty-two male Wistar Albino rats were used in the study. The rats were divided into four groups. All groups were administered antibiotherapy for 5 days after administering live Escherichia coli. Group 1 (control group) rats received intraperitoneal saline. Group 2 rats were treated with HBO. Group 3 rats received an oxygen + ozone mixture. Group 4 rats received dexpanthenol. After 5 days, anesthesia was administered to all rats, blood gases were collected from the abdominal aorta, and then the rats were sacrificed. Some of the collected blood was used for cytokine assays. The right lung tissues were used for histopathological examination. The left lung tissues were used to measure enzyme levels. RESULTS: Histopathologically, there were intra-alveolar hemorrhage, edema, intensive inflammatory cell infiltration, fibrosis, collapse, type 2 alveolar cells, and macrophage accumulation in all groups. In terms of fibrosis/alveolar septal thickening, the dexpanthenol group had a significantly lower mean score than the control and HBO groups. In terms of alveolar collapse, the dexpanthenol group had a significantly lower mean score than all other groups. In terms of increased macrophage and type II alveolar cell counts, the ozone group had a significantly lower mean score than all other groups. There was no significant difference in immunohistochemical staining between the groups. In terms of superoxide dismutase levels, the dexpanthenol group had a significantly lower score than the control group. Regarding IL-10 levels, the ozone group had a significantly higher score than the control and HBO groups. The dexpanthenol group had a significantly higher score only than the HBO group. Regarding PaO2 levels, the ozone group had a significantly higher score than all groups. The ozone group had a significantly lower score on PaCO2 levels than all groups. CONCLUSIONS: Among the treatments, the HBO therapy increased cell injury. The ozone therapy produced anti-inflammatory effect and histopathologically positive outcomes. The ozone therapy provided significant improvement in arterial oxygenation. The dexpanthenol therapy produced antioxidant effect and histopathologically positive outcomes. The antifibrotic effect was prominent in the dexpanthenol therapy. Further studies are needed to generalize the use of these treatments in ARDS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correctly defining the term "rural" and determining the rurality level of provinces/regions are very important for effective regional/rural planning. A welldefined and consistent rurality index will be useful in putting forward the current rurality level of regions and in implementing appropriate rural development policies. In this study, a rurality index was developed, and the rurality level was calculated at provincial level in Turkey. As Multi-Criteria Decision-Making techniques, Entropy and TOPSIS methods were used in the study. Eighteen variables were used under four sections, which are: (1) demographic, (2) economic, (3) agriculture and livestock activities, and (4) urbanisation and infrastructure. Provinces were ranked and divided into five categories according to their rurality level and a rurality map was created for Turkey. It is also expected that the results would be useful for policy makers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Experimental & Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes is the property of Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Chiasma tendinum (Camper's chiasm) is of great importance in the delicate movements and stability of the fingers and takes place poorly in the literature. This study aims to reveal the morphometric details of the chiasma tendinum in relation with pulleys and other relevant structures. Materials and methods: Palm and 2nd to 5th fingers of 10 (6 male, 4 female) formalin fixed cadavers were used bilaterally. After determining the superficial reference points on the fingers, the skin and the tendon sheath were incised, and then measurements of chiasma tendinum and related tendons were performed. The measurements were analyzed with respect to fingers, genders, and sides. Finally, the types of chiasma tendinum were identified and then grouped as symmetrical, asymmetrical, and pseudo chiasm. Results: Pulley and chiasma tendinum positions were correlated with finger length (p < 0.01). Pulley lengths were significantly less in females. Asymmetrical chiasma tendinum types were found in 45% of the fingers. In most comparisons, values for fifth finger were significantly different than that of other fingers and chiasma tendinum types differed according to fingers and gender. The case of no fiber exchange was observed only in the 5th finger in 15%. Conclusion: Findings related to the prediction of location of the pulleys and chiasma tendinum according to the superficial signs, awareness of cases where one of the two arms of the flexor digitorum superficialis is extremely thin and no fiber exchanges that may be risk factors for spontaneous tendon rupture may help provide more accurate approaches in relevant clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition affected by many factors. We aimed to show the impact of the metabolic syndrome (MeTS) on male sexual function based on visceral adiposity index (VAI). Methods: Participants who met MeTS criteria (Group 1, n = 96) and did not meet MeTS criteria (Group 2, n = 189) were included in this cross‐sectional study. The MeTS diagnosis was made in the presence of at least 3 of the following criteria: fasting serum glucose level higher than 100 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol level below 40 mg/dL, triglyceride level higher than 150 mg/dL, waist circumference higher than 102 cm and blood pressure higher than 130/85 mmHg. Demographic data were recorded; biochemical and hormonal tests were measured. Erectile and other sexual function scores were recorded. The VAI was calculated using the [(Waist Circumference/39.68) + (1.88 × body mass index)] × triglyceride/1.03 × 1.31/HDL formula. Results: Mean age, smoking volume, testosterone (T) and testosterone/estradiol (T/E2) ratios of the groups were similar (P >.05). The mean VAI was two‐fold higher in patients in Group 1 (P <.001) and erectile function score was lower in Group 1 than Group 2 (P =.001). Other sexual function scores were similar (P >.05). The METS was associated with an increased risk of ED (P =.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that each integer increase in the VAI was associated with a 1.4‐fold increased risk of ED (P <.001). Higher T values were associated with a better erectile function (P =.03). For the VAI = 4.33, receiver‐operating characteristic analysis showed a sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 57.7%. Conclusion: Compared with non‐MeTS, the presence of MeTS has emerged as a risk factor for patients with ED with high VAI levels while the other sexual functions are preserved. Management of ED patients with MeTS should cover a comprehensive metabolic and endocrinological evaluation in addition to andrological work up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common condition affected by many factors. We aimed to show the impact of the metabolic syndrome (MeTS) on male sexual function based on visceral adiposity index (VAI). Methods: Participants who met MeTS criteria (Group 1, n = 96) and did not meet MeTS criteria (Group 2, n = 189) were included in this cross‐sectional study. The MeTS diagnosis was made in the presence of at least 3 of the following criteria: fasting serum glucose level higher than 100 mg/dL, HDL cholesterol level below 40 mg/dL, triglyceride level higher than 150 mg/dL, waist circumference higher than 102 cm and blood pressure higher than 130/85 mmHg. Demographic data were recorded; biochemical and hormonal tests were measured. Erectile and other sexual function scores were recorded. The VAI was calculated using the [(Waist Circumference/39.68) + (1.88 × body mass index)] × triglyceride/1.03 × 1.31/HDL formula. Results: Mean age, smoking volume, testosterone (T) and testosterone/estradiol (T/E2) ratios of the groups were similar (P >.05). The mean VAI was two‐fold higher in patients in Group 1 (P <.001) and erectile function score was lower in Group 1 than Group 2 (P =.001). Other sexual function scores were similar (P >.05). The METS was associated with an increased risk of ED (P =.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that each integer increase in the VAI was associated with a 1.4‐fold increased risk of ED (P <.001). Higher T values were associated with a better erectile function (P =.03). For the VAI = 4.33, receiver‐operating characteristic analysis showed a sensitivity of 89.6% and specificity of 57.7%. Conclusion: Compared with non‐MeTS, the presence of MeTS has emerged as a risk factor for patients with ED with high VAI levels while the other sexual functions are preserved. Management of ED patients with MeTS should cover a comprehensive metabolic and endocrinological evaluation in addition to andrological work up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thyroid ultrasound, thyroid scintigraphy and radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) tests are helpful in the differential diagnosis of thyrotoxicosis and hyperthyroidism. In the setting where these techniques are unavailable or unusable more accessible, and cheaper techniques would be helpful. Aims: We evaluated the capability of free triiodothyronine to free thyroxine ratio (FT3/FT4) to differentiate Graves’ Disease (GD) and destructive thyroiditis (DT). Methods: In total, 318 patients with GD and 140 patients with DT were included in the study. Patients were assigned to two groups: GD and DT (subacute thyroiditis, painless thyroiditis, postpartum thyroiditis). Serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), FT4, FT3 levels and FT3/FT4 ratio were evaluated in each group. To obtain the optimal diagnostic cut-off value of FT3, FT4 and FT3/FT4 ratio, ROC curve analysis was performed of all untreated thyrotoxicosis patients. Results: The optimal FT3/FT4 ratio cut-off value was 2.96, with a sensitivity of 71.7%, the specificity of 88.6%. The area under the ROC curve of the FT3/FT4 ratio regarding the diagnosis of GD was 0.864 (95% CI: 0.830-0.894). The cut-off level of FT3 for GD was determined as 6.6 pg/mL which had a sensitivity of 72.3% and specificity of 68.6% (AUC = 0.771 P < .001). The cut-off level of FT4 for GD was determined as 3.65 ng/dl with a sensitivity of 35.5% and specificity of 83.6% (AUC = 0.615 P < .001). When a high specificity is needed, FT3/FT4 cut-off value increases to 3.63 with 99.3% specificity and 36.5% sensitivity. Conclusions: FT3/FT4 ratio helps distinguish GD and DT. In cases of situations where RAIU/scintigraphy and TRAb cannot be studied, the FT3/FT4 ratio is a viable diagnostic tool. Cut-off values with higher specificity can be more helpful in differential diagnosis of GD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nigde Omer Halisdemir University Journal of Engineering Sciences / Niğde Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Nigde Omer Halisdemir Universitesi (NOHU), Muhendislik Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Journal of Science / Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of Bilecik Seyh Edebali University Journal of Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: Gingival recessions (GR) may cause aesthetic and hypersensitivity complaints which might affect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the patients' awareness of their own GR, the impact of GR on OHRQoL and the acceptance of suggested treatment modalities.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 205 patients. The demographic variables were recorded and patients' perception of GR was questioned. Full-mouth examination was carried out and clinical parameters were recorded. Gingival recessions, GR related complaints were evaluated and GR treatments were suggested and acceptance were also recorded by the examiner. The patients filled out OHRQoL-United Kingdom (OHRQoL-UK) questionnaire regarding to their GR and were asked if GR have/would have impact on oral health and if the GR will/would get worsen. Data was analysed with independent t test and Mann-Whitney U test.Results: 4819 teeth were evaluated and 733 GR examined in 147 patients. Fifty-seven patients were unaware of their GR. A strong belief that GR have impact on oral health (88.78%) and GR will progress (86.34%) was detected. Acceptance of treatment was increased and non-invasive modalities were preferred if patients had complaints. The awareness of GR status increases and the misperception decreases the OHRQoL-UK scores. The results revealed that hypersensitivity decreases the OHRQoL-UK scores and aesthetic concerns and hypersensitivity decreases the OHRQoL-UK physical scores significantly (p < .05).Conclusions: The results indicated that the patients might be unaware of their GR and the GR related factors may lead to poorer OHRQoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new amperometric dopamine sensor has been developed on the basis of modified screen-printed electrode (SPCE) with reduced graphene oxide (RGO), polyneutral red (PNR) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP). The electrochemical behaviour of dopamine on SPCE/RGO/PNR/AuNP was investigated. The prepared sensor showed a high electrocatalytic effect on the oxidation of dopamine. In the amperometric determination of DA, optimum working conditions (optimum pH, optimum working potential, linear working range) were determined. The optimum values of these parameters in DA determination were 7.0 for pH and +0.25 V for working potential. The results of analytical characterisations, repeatability for 50 µM DA, sensitivity, the limit of detection, the limit of quantification and the linear range were found to be 2.14% (n = 10) as relative standard deviation (RSD.), 13.38 µA mM−1; 0.17 µM; 0.57 and 0.57–500 µM, respectively. Operational stability studies have shown that the initial amperometric response of the sensor to dopamine decreased by 90.05% on day 60. Storage life studies showed that the sensitivity of the biosensor decreased by 18.88% at the end of the 8th week. Amperometric electrochemical analysis of DA using SPCE/RGO/PNR/AuNP electrode was performed in the presence of interfering electroactive species AA and UA. The developed sensor was tested for DA determination in artificial blood serum samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new amperometric NADH sensor was developed based on screen-printed electrode (SPCE) modified with reduced graphene oxide (RGO), polyneutral red (PNR) and gold nanoparticles (AuNP). Electrochemical behaviour of NADH on SPCE/RGO/PNR/AuNP was investigated. The prepared sensor showed a high electrocatalytic effect on the oxidation of NADH. The sensor response for NADH was investigated as a function of pH and working potential. Optimum values of these parameters in the NADH determination were found as 7.0 for pH and +0.15 V for working potential. Sensitivity, linear range, limit of detection and limit of quantification of the sensor were found to be 8.72 μAmM−1, 5 to 3170 μM, 0.384 μM and 1.18 μM, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD) was calculated to be 1.93% (for n = 10). The operational stability studies have shown that the initial amperometric response of sensor to NADH decreased by 56.15% at the 60th day. Storage life studies have shown that the sensitivity of the biosensor decreased by 48.72% at the end of 12 weeks. The developed sensor has been tested for NADH determination in the human serum sample. The developed NADH sensor is promising to be used for NADH analysis in human serum samples as simple, practical and disposable device without requiring laborious sample pre-treatment producers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose. We aimed to evaluate foveal and parafoveal density using optical coherence tomography angiography and the alteration on the retinal vessel diameter in patients with inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy compared to age-matched normal population. Materials and Methods. Patients with inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy (study group) and healthy individuals (control group) were enrolled in the cross sectionally designed study. The optical coherence tomography angiography parameters and retinal vessel diameter measurements were assessed between the study and control groups. Foveal and parafoveal microvascular density in the retina was measured using optical coherence tomography angiography. Retinal artery and vein diameter and artery/vein ratio were assessed for retinal vessel caliber changes. Results. Patients with inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy had higher values of intraocular pressure, proptosis, and axial length (P = 0.001 , P = 0.002 , and P = 0.008 , respectively). Temporal parafoveal vessel density was 48.93 ± 3.21 and 47.62 ± 2.59 in the study and control groups, respectively (P = 0.017). Nasal parafoveal vessel density was 47.55 ± 3.01 and 46.46 ± 2.57 in the study and control groups, respectively (P = 0.035). Foveal, superior, and inferior parafoveal vessel density values were similar in the study and control groups (P = 0.268 , P = 0.107 , and P = 0.055 , respectively). Patients in the study group had narrower retinal artery and vein diameters (P ≤ 0.001 and P = 0.033). Artery/vein ratio was significantly higher in the control group (P ≤ 0.001). Conclusion. Optical coherence tomography angiography could be a novel and promising noninvasive diagnostic technique in patients with inactive Graves' ophthalmopathy to detect foveal and parafoveal vessel density changes compared to healthy subjects. The decrease of retinal vessel diameter might be observed in patients with inactive graves ophthalmopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to use the opinions of administrators, teachers, and parents to evaluate the effectiveness of an addiction prevention educational program devised for and presented middle school students. A case study was used in the analysis of the data collected. The study group consisted of 156 individuals, including 12 administrators, 128 teachers, and 16 parents. Semi-structured interview forms were used to collect qualitative data. Validity and reliability were assessed through a pilot study. A content analysis was conducted to analyze qualitative data. The findings, revealed that the addiction prevention program was effective in raising participants' awareness about addiction prevention and in increasing their knowledge about substance addiction, technology addiction, and other harmful habits. Teachers, administrators, and parents emphasized that the problem of the addiction prevention educational program was mainly lack of practical activities, lack of adequate support for parent, inadequate time allotted for teaching hours for the students, and lack of activities for implementation. The results suggest that it would be beneficial to organize addiction prevention educational programs in terms of content, implementation, timing, and support for parents, includes practical field studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arsenic in water is a serious problem for organisms and the environment. Natural waters mostly consist of inorganic forms of As (III) and As(V) at concentrations below 1 ng/mL. Since the toxicity of these species is different, selective determination of trace As species in drinking water is important. Rapid speciation based on anion exchange chromatography coupled to inductively coupled plasma- mass spectrometry is reported. The species were separated within 4 min with the limits of detection of 0.012 and 0.019 ng/mL for As(III) and As(V), respectively. The method was applied to spring, well, and tap water from Çankırı, Turkey. Out of 25 samples, six samples exceeded the permissible drinking water limit of 10 ng/mL. The results showed that As(V) was predominant, while As(III) was also present, especially in well water making up to 16% of the total As. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are commonly used in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment. However, membrane fouling problem limits the performance of MBRs. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of vibration on membrane fouling. Long-term filtration experiments were conducted to compare treatment and filtration performance of vibrated (magnetically induced) and non-vibrated modules in an MBR treating synthetic municipal wastewater. Results showed that vibration did not have any remarkable effect on treatment performance. However, filtration performance and thus, membrane fouling were significantly affected by the vibration. Magnetically induced vibration system achieved better filtration performance than the non-vibrated module. Cake layer formation found in the magnetically induced vibrating system resulted in low potential for pore clogging. The results suggest that magnetically induced vibration is a promising alternative for reducing membrane fouling problem in MBR systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Sleep Medicine is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1057/s41289-022-00194-w. Correction to: Measuring age-friendliness based on the walkability indices of older people to urban facilities Correction to: URBAN DESIGN International https://doi.org/10.1057/s41289-022-00194-w In this article, the affiliation details for Author Merve Yilmaz were incorrectly given as follows: SP 1 sp Department of Architecture, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey SP 2 sp Independent Researcher, Istanbul, Turkey but it should have been Independent Researcher, Istanbul, Turkey. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: This retrospective multicenter study, centrally conducted and supported by the Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism of Turkey, aimed to evaluate the impact of free RET proto-oncogene testing in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) patients. Surgical timing, adequacy of the treatment, and frequency of prophylactic thyroidectomy (PTx) in mutation carriers were also assessed. Methods: Genetic testing for MTC and pheochromocytoma was conducted between July 2008 and January 2012 in 512 patients. Application forms and RET mutation analyses of these patients whose blood samples were sent from various centers around Turkey were assessed retrospectively. An evaluation form was sent to the physicians of the eligible 319 patients who had confirmed sporadic MTC, familial MTC (FMTC), multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2), or who were mutation carriers. Physicians were asked to give information about the surgical history, latest calcitonin levels, morbidity, mortality, genetic screening, and PTx among family members. Twenty-five centers responded by filling in the forms of 192 patients. Results: Among the 319 patients, RET mutation was detected in 71 (22.3%). Cys634Arg mutation was the most prevalent mutation (43.7%), followed by Val804Met in 18 patients (25.4%), and Cys634Tyr in 6 patients (8.5%). Among 192 MTC patients, the diagnosis was sporadic MTC in 146 (76.4%), FMTC in 14 (7.3%), MEN2A in 15 patients (7.9%), and MEN2B in one patient. The number of mutation carriers among 154 apparently sporadic MTC patients was 8 (5.2%). Ten patients were submitted to PTx out of twenty-four mutation carriers at a mean age of 35±19 years. Conclusion: Turkish people have a similar RET proto-oncogene mutation distribution when compared to other Mediterranean countries. Despite free RET gene testing, the number of the PTx in Turkey is limited and relatively late in the life span of the carriers. This is mainly due to patient and family incompliance and incomplete family counselling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Intensive Care is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Intensive Care is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)