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Photothermal therapy (PTT) has a great prospect in further improving tumor therapeutic outcomes, whereas its efficiency is restrained by low light penetration, excessive heat damage to normal tissues, up‐regulated heat shock proteins (HSPs), and limited effect of single treatment. Herein, an enzyme‐engineered coppery nanozyme based on dendritic mesoporous coppery carbon nanosphere as the cornerstone to load with glucose oxidase (GOx) followed by modification with hyaluronic acid is constructed. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the obtained coppery nanozyme exhibits peroxidase and glutathione oxidase mimicking activities to improve hydroxyl radicals (•OH) production. Furthermore, both the generation of •OH production and GOx‐induced energy supply blockade can reduce HSPs expression to enhance the mild PTT (η = 34.9 %) of coppery nanozyme upon the irradiation of 1064 nm laser, and in turn, accelerate the catalytic processes of coppery nanozyme for more generation of •OH. Last but not least, the introduction of copper can induce lipoylated protein dihydrolipoamide S‐acetyltransferase aggregation to cause cellular cuproptosis. Due to the synergy of multiple therapies, the tumor inhibition rate can reach 93.4%. Overall, this work provides an effective strategy for potential tumor treatment on the basis of synergistic therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypoxia and the overexpression of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are conducive to cancer cell proliferation, which greatly hinders cancer treatment. Here, we design a novel TME-responsive therapeutic nanoplatform Co/ZIF-8/ICG/Pt (CZIP) to achieve chemodynamic therapy (CDT) and enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this nanoplatform, under near-infrared light (NIR) irradiation, the photosensitizer indocyanine green (ICG) can generate singlet oxygen (1O2) for cancer cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, overexpressed H2O2 in the TME could be catalyzed to generate O2 by the loaded Pt to relieve tumor hypoxia and promote the PDT-induced 1O2 production. In addition, the doped Co2+ could react with H2O2 to produce hydroxyl radicals (˙OH) for CDT. The multifunctional nanoplatform CZIP showed high biosafety and a good antitumor effect, which would provide a new route for cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of their excellent luminescence properties, nanocrystalline metal halide perovskites have diverse optoelectronic applications, including those related to anticounterfeiting. However, high‐quality optical anticounterfeiting typically requires multiple encryptions relying on several optical modes to ensure information security. Herein, an efficient anticounterfeiting strategy based on dual optical encryption is realized by combining up‐ and downconversion luminescence in a nanocomposite with NaYF4 : Er3+,Yb3+ as core and a CsMnCl3 as shell. The emission color of this nanocomposite depends on the penetration depth of incident radiation and can be changed by varying the excitation source (980 nm laser or UV light) to produce different luminescent patterns. This feature allows one to effectively improve the anticounterfeiting index and fabricate professional anticounterfeiting materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In view of their excellent luminescence properties, nanocrystalline metal halide perovskites have diverse optoelectronic applications, including those related to anticounterfeiting. However, high‐quality optical anticounterfeiting typically requires multiple encryptions relying on several optical modes to ensure information security. Herein, an efficient anticounterfeiting strategy based on dual optical encryption is realized by combining up‐ and downconversion luminescence in a nanocomposite with NaYF4 : Er3+,Yb3+ as core and a CsMnCl3 as shell. The emission color of this nanocomposite depends on the penetration depth of incident radiation and can be changed by varying the excitation source (980 nm laser or UV light) to produce different luminescent patterns. This feature allows one to effectively improve the anticounterfeiting index and fabricate professional anticounterfeiting materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an extremely promising tumor therapeutic modality. However, excessive heat inevitably injures normal tissues near tumors, and the damage to cancer cells caused by mild hyperthermia is easily repaired by stress‐induced heat shock proteins (HSPs). Thus, maximizing the PTT efficiency and minimizing the damage to healthy tissues simultaneously by adopting appropriate therapeutic temperatures is imperative. Herein, an innovative strategy is reported: ferroptosis‐boosted mild PTT based on a single‐atom nanozyme (SAzyme). The Pd SAzyme with atom‐economical utilization of catalytic centers exhibits peroxidase (POD) and glutathione oxidase (GSHOx) mimicking activities, and photothermal conversion performance, which can result in ferroptosis featuring the up‐regulation of lipid peroxides (LPO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The accumulation of LPO and ROS provides a powerful approach for cleaving HSPs, which enables Pd SAzyme‐mediated mild‐temperature PTT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an extremely promising tumor therapeutic modality. However, excessive heat inevitably injures normal tissues near tumors, and the damage to cancer cells caused by mild hyperthermia is easily repaired by stress‐induced heat shock proteins (HSPs). Thus, maximizing the PTT efficiency and minimizing the damage to healthy tissues simultaneously by adopting appropriate therapeutic temperatures is imperative. Herein, an innovative strategy is reported: ferroptosis‐boosted mild PTT based on a single‐atom nanozyme (SAzyme). The Pd SAzyme with atom‐economical utilization of catalytic centers exhibits peroxidase (POD) and glutathione oxidase (GSHOx) mimicking activities, and photothermal conversion performance, which can result in ferroptosis featuring the up‐regulation of lipid peroxides (LPO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The accumulation of LPO and ROS provides a powerful approach for cleaving HSPs, which enables Pd SAzyme‐mediated mild‐temperature PTT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cell surface proteins play an important role in multidrug resistance (MDR). However, the identification involving chemoresistant features for cell surface proteins is a challenge. To identify potential cell membrane markers in hematologic cancer MDR, we used a cell- and antibody-based strategy of subtractive immunization coupled with cell surface comparative screening of leukemia cell lines from sensitive HL60 and resistant HL60/DOX cells. Fifty one antibodies that recognized the cell surface proteins expressed differently between the two cell lines were generated. One of them, the McAb-5D12 not only recognizes its antigen but also block its function. Comparative analysis of immunofluorescence, flow cytometry, and mass spectrum analysis validated that the membrane antigen of McAb-5D12 is a nucleoprotein-polypyrimidine tract binding protein associated splicing factor, PSF. Our results identified that PSF overexpressed on the membrane of sensitive cells compared with resistant cells and its relocation from the nuclear to the cell surface was common in hematological malignancy cell lines and marrow of leukemia patients. Furthermore, we found that cell surface PSF contributed to cell sensitivity by inhibiting cell proliferation. The results represent a novel and potentially useful biomarker for MDR prediction. The strategy enables the correlation of expression levels and functions of cell surface protein with some cell-drug response traits by using antibodies. © 2013 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the influence of O-(4-ethoxyl-butyl)-berbamine (EBB) on the expression of cyclin B1 and cdc2-p34 in the human drug-resistant breast cancer MCF-7/ADR cell line. The MTT assay was used to assess the cytotoxicity of EBB. Different levels of EBB were added to different cell lines at series of time points solely or combined with doxorubicin (DOX) to detect the effect on the expression of cyclinB1 and cdc2-p34 by Western blots. cdc2-p34 tyrosine phosphorylation was detected by immunoprecipitation. In addition, apoptosis and cytoplastic Ca2+ concentrations were systematically examined by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM). EBB showed little inhibitory activity on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (ECV304), whereas EBB inhibited cell growth (IC50 range, 4.55–15.74 μmol/L) in a variety of sensitive and drug-resistance cell lines. EBB also down-regulated the expression of cyclin B1 and cdc2-p34 in a concentration and time dependent manner, which was an important reason for the G2/M phase arrest. EBB was shown to induce apoptosis of MCF-7/ADR cells while increasing the level of cytoplastic Ca2+. The low cytotoxicity of EBB suggests it may be useful as a rational reversal agent. The effect of EBB on cell cycle arrest and related proteins, apoptosis, and cytoplastic Ca2+ concentration may be involved in reversing multidrug resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study which constructed chimeric anti-CD20 antibody Fab' fragment to decrease the immunogenicity of HI[sub47] and expresses the Fab' fragment in escherichia coli. Obstacles in antibody therapy of cancer in clinic; Western blot analysis of anti-CD20 chimeric Fab' fragment; Competitive immunofluorescence inhibition analysis.

Presents information on a study which discussed research on the use of bispecific antibody (BsAb) for cancer immunotherapy. Development of BsAb; Description of the knobs into holes mutation; Selection of tumor-specific antigens in cancer treatment; Anti-tumor effects mediated by anti-CD3/anti-tumor BsAb in vitro and in vivo.

Studies the actions of phenothiazines (PTZ) in reversing multidrug resistance (MDR) and inhibiting protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Fold reversal caused by PTZ and chemosensitizer verapamil; Effect of PTZ on rat brain PKC activity; Reversal of MDR by PTZ.

In this study, a label-free fluorescent, enzyme-free, simple, highly sensitive AND logic gate aptasensor was developed for the detection of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) with cohesive ends was attached to graphene oxide (GO) to form an aptasensor probe. ATP and single-stranded DNA were used as input signals. Fluorescence intensity of PicoGreen dye was used as an output signal. The biosensor-related performances, including the logic gate construction, reaction time, linearity, sensitivity, and specificity, were investigated and the results showed that an AND logic gate was successfully constructed. The ATP detection range was found to be 20 to 400 nM (R2 = 0.9943) with limit of detection (LOD) of 142.6 pM, and the sensitivity range was 1.846 × 106 to 2.988 × 106 M−1. This method for the detection of ATP has the characteristics of being simple, low cost, and highly sensitive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]