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Background: Uterine Fibroids (UFs) are common benign tumors in the female reproductive tract, but their progression to intravascular leiomyomatosis (IVL) is rare. Presently, there are few reports on single-stage resection of UFs and IVL. Case presentation: A 47-year-old woman, G2P2, had been diagnosed multiple UFs four years ago and now developed heart failure. Imaging examinations revealed that UFs had invaded the right iliac vein and extended into the right atrium through the inferior vena cava. Through multidisciplinary collaboration and a single-stage resection, the patient has survived for over 24 months post-surgery, and her heart function has significantly improved compared to preoperative levels, with no recurrence of UFs observed. Conclusions: Single-stage resection of IVL and UF is feasible and advantageous for this case, and selecting the appropriate surgical approach is crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recycling of subcontinental lithospheric mantle back into the asthenosphere during continental breakup is potentially a major but underappreciated process in plate tectonics. Here, we report major and trace elements for detrital peridotite minerals in carbonate breccias dredged from the Marion Rise, Southwest Indian Ridge. With an emphasis on the trace elements of the relatively abundant orthopyroxene detrital grains, the results show that a portion of pyroxene grains was likely derived from a mantle source that experienced hydrous melting and slab‐derived melt metasomatism above a subduction zone. This finding provides a novel view into the mantle geochemistry at midocean ridges, as well as evidence that Marion Rise is at least partially supported by chemically buoyant recycled refractory mantle wedge material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dynamics and magma transport at the boundary between the upper and lower oceanic crusts (i.e., the dike–gabbro transition) are crucial for understanding the crustal accretion beneath mid-ocean ridges, which however have been studied at quite a few sites such as the East Pacific Rise and ophiolites like Troodos and Oman. Here we present detailed geological, petrological, and geochemical data for the dike–gabbro transition and associated basalts in the Yunzhug ophiolite, central Tibet, to constrain the complex magmatic processes in this specific horizon. The Yunzhug ophiolite contains a large (~ 20 km2) well-exposed sheeted dike complex, which is rooted in a dike–gabbro transition that consists of diverse lithologies, including diabase, gabbro, and minor porphyritic diabase. Petrographically, the Yunzhug gabbros could be grouped into the dominant Plg (plagioclase)-euhedral gabbros (euhedral–subhedral plagioclases enclosed in clinopyroxene oikocrysts) and a small amount of Cpx (clinopyroxene)-euhedral gabbros (with abundant euhedral clinopyroxenes). Plagioclases and their equilibrated melts of the two types of gabbros are similar, whereas clinopyroxenes and their equilibrated melts of the Cpx-euhedral gabbros are more primary and depleted than those of the Plg-euhedral gabbros. These petrographic and geochemical features suggest an earlier crystallization of clinopyroxene for the Cpx-euhedral gabbros, which is best explained by occasional water input in the magmatic system. Nevertheless, the modeled equilibrated melts of the two types of gabbros have compositions indistinguishable from the whole rock compositions of diabases and basalts, indicating a direct genetic linkage between these rocks. The unusual porphyritic diabases, on the other hand, provide evidence supporting for plagioclase accumulation and aggregation during magma upward migration, thus may have served as a unique way for magma to transport from the lower to upper crust. Studies of the Yunzhug ophiolite thus provide some key constraints on the complex magmatic processes in the oceanic dike–gabbro transition, regarding its dynamic accretion and magmatic plumbing mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aptamer‐based probes are pivotal components in various sensing strategies, owing to their exceptional specificity and versatile programmable structure. Nevertheless, numerous aptamer‐based probes usually offer only a single function, limiting their capacity to meet the diverse requirements of multi‐faceted sensing systems. Here, we introduced supersandwich DNA probes (SSW‐DNA), designed and modified on the outer surface of nanochannels with hydrophobic inner walls, enabling dual functionality: qualitative detection for on‐site analysis and quantitative detection for precise analysis. The fragmented DNAs resulting from the target recognition, are subsequently identified through lateral flow assays, enabling robust on‐site qualitative detection of microcystin‐LR with an impressively low limit of detection (LOD) at 0.01 μg/L. Meanwhile, the nanochannels enable highly sensitive quantification of microcystin‐LR through the current analysis, achieving an exceptionally low LOD at 2.5×10−7 μg/L, with a broad dynamic range spanning from 1×10−6 to 1×102 μg/L. Furthermore, the process of target recognition introduces just a single potential error propagation, which reduces the overall risk of errors during the entire qualitative and quantitative detection process. This sensing strategy broadens the scope of applications for aptamer‐based composite probes, holding promising implications across diverse fields, such as medical diagnosis, food safety, and environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aptamer‐based probes are pivotal components in various sensing strategies, owing to their exceptional specificity and versatile programmable structure. Nevertheless, numerous aptamer‐based probes usually offer only a single function, limiting their capacity to meet the diverse requirements of multi‐faceted sensing systems. Here, we introduced supersandwich DNA probes (SSW‐DNA), designed and modified on the outer surface of nanochannels with hydrophobic inner walls, enabling dual functionality: qualitative detection for on‐site analysis and quantitative detection for precise analysis. The fragmented DNAs resulting from the target recognition, are subsequently identified through lateral flow assays, enabling robust on‐site qualitative detection of microcystin‐LR with an impressively low limit of detection (LOD) at 0.01 μg/L. Meanwhile, the nanochannels enable highly sensitive quantification of microcystin‐LR through the current analysis, achieving an exceptionally low LOD at 2.5×10−7 μg/L, with a broad dynamic range spanning from 1×10−6 to 1×102 μg/L. Furthermore, the process of target recognition introduces just a single potential error propagation, which reduces the overall risk of errors during the entire qualitative and quantitative detection process. This sensing strategy broadens the scope of applications for aptamer‐based composite probes, holding promising implications across diverse fields, such as medical diagnosis, food safety, and environmental protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the melting residue of the asthenosphere at ocean ridges, the oceanic mantle lithosphere is initially depleted, which might be re-enriched by various types of melts. However, the metasomatic enrichments in the sub-ridge mantle lithosphere are generally assumed to be limited, because these melts have low abundances of incompatible elements. In this study, we report a case of extreme metasomatic enrichment in abyssal peridotites from the Atlantis Bank oceanic core complex on the Southwest Indian Ridge. We identify two types of metasomatized peridotites (Type 1 and 2) and a clinopyroxenite, which show different degrees of interaction with evolved melts. Type 1 peridotite exhibits strong incompatible element zonation and negative Eu anomalies in clinopyroxene, indicating a short-term percolation of a modestly evolved mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB). Type 2 peridotite shows textural and trace element features consistent with the impregnation of a highly evolved, oxide-saturated MORB magma. The clinopyroxenite shows remarkable enrichments in iron and incompatible trace elements and negative Eu anomalies in clinopyroxene and contains abundant zircon and apatite, which imply reaction with an extremely evolved Fe–Zr–P-rich melt. We attribute such extreme mantle metasomatic enrichments to the lateral infiltration of variably evolved melts from a local magmatic center, which is now exposed as the Atlantis Bank gabbroic massif. As slow- and ultraslow-spreading ridges exhibit similarly discontinuous lower crust, the intervening shallow mantle between local magmatic centers may have been pervasively metasomatized by the evolved melts, leading the way for substantial mantle enrichment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyroxenite veins are commonly observed in the mantle section of ophiolites, reflecting a variety of melts that percolate through the mantle, react, and finally crystallize in the lithosphere. To better understand the formation mechanism of the pyroxenite veins and associated peridotites, we conducted an integrated petrological and geochemical study of a suite of orthopyroxenite, websterite, and composite clinopyroxenite–orthopyroxenite veins in residual peridotites from the Dazhuqu ophiolite (Southern Tibet, China). Both orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene in pyroxenites are characterized by high Mg#, low Al2O3 concentrations, and depleted patterns of incompatible trace elements. This suggests that parental melts of the pyroxenites could be formed by re-melting of a previously depleted mantle source. We observed systematic variations in the major and trace element compositions of clinopyroxene and orthopyroxene across the pyroxenite–harzburgite sequences. Through trace element modeling, we have established a model for the formation of pyroxenite veins and associated harzburgites. According to this model, hydrous and aggregated melts were expelled from the tip of the dunite channels and subsequently injected into the lithosphere via fractures. The infiltrating melts then underwent diffusional loss of water into the residual harzburgites within the asthenosphere, which in turn promoting partial melting of the harzburgite. The pyroxenite veins were formed by mixing the infiltrating channel melt and matrix melt derived from partially molten harzburgite. This formation model can be applied to explain the pyroxenite–harzburgite and dunite–pyroxenite–harzburgite sequences in the Yarlung-Tsangbo ophiolite and other ophiolites around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ultramafic rocks of the Yarlung-Tsangpo ophiolites (lherzolites, harzburgites, dunites and pyroxenites) have been interpreted as lithospheric mantle relics of the Cretaceous Neo-Tethys Ocean (NTO). Studying these rocks could provide key constraints on the NTO's evolution and invaluable information on sub-ridge mantle heterogeneity. The Xiugugabu ophiolite crops out in the western segment of the Yarlung-Tsangpo Suture Zone (YTSZ) and is dominantly composed of mantle components with minor crustal material. Here we report a comprehensive field, petrological and geochemical study of the ultramafic rocks from this ophiolitic massif. The lherzolites and harzburgites are less refractory than the Xigaze ultramafic rocks in the middle part of the YTSZ. Petrology and simple models are consistent with 10–20% fractional melting from an anhydrous, depleted mantle source, within the spinel and garnet stability fields. Part of dunites (Dunite-II) and pyroxenites formed during pervasive melt impregnation into host peridotites and record the modal and geochemical effects of post-melting melt–rock interactions. The discrepancy of light rare earth element (LREE) contents between whole rocks and their two pyroxene components in peridotites indicates that they have trapped interstitial melts along grain boundaries at a post-melting stage. These melts were potentially derived from shallow sources in spinel domains. Bulk rock osmium isotopic compositions suggest that the pyroxenites and part of the dunites are highly radiogenic. These enriched Os signatures are likely imposed by percolating melts derived from mantle sources hybridized by ancient recycled crustal materials. When comparing with results from previous studies of other YTSZ peridotites with ultra-depleted nature and unradiogenic Os isotopic compositions, we conclude that the sub-ridge mantle beneath the Neo-Tethyan Ocean was heterogeneous, with not only unradiogenic but also highly radiogenic mantle domains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Regeneration is the regrowth of damaged tissues or organs, a vital process in response to damages from primitive organisms to higher mammals. Planarian possesses active whole‐body regenerative capability owing to its vast reservoir of adult stem cells, neoblasts, providing an ideal model to delineate the underlying mechanisms for regeneration. RNA N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification participates in many biological processes, including stem cell self‐renewal and differentiation, in particular the regeneration of haematopoietic stem cells and axons. However, how m6A controls regeneration at the whole‐organism level remains largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that the depletion of m6A methyltransferase regulatory subunit wtap abolishes planarian regeneration, potentially through regulating genes related to cell–cell communication and cell cycle. Single‐cell RNA‐seq (scRNA‐seq) analysis unveils that the wtap knockdown induces a unique type of neural progenitor‐like cells (NP‐like cells), characterized by specific expression of the cell–cell communication ligand grn. Intriguingly, the depletion of m6A‐modified transcripts grn, cdk9 or cdk7 partially rescues the defective regeneration of planarian caused by wtap knockdown. Overall, our study reveals an indispensable role of m6A modification in regulating whole‐organism regeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although seismic and hydrothermal data show evidence of magma–seawater interaction in slow spreading-rate ridges, such a process has been rarely observed in situ in lower oceanic crust. In this study, we reported petrological and mineral data on the plutonic rocks from the lower oceanic crust of the Lagkorco ophiolite from central Tibet, which shows geological and petrological features indicative of a slow-spreading ridge origin. Both troctolites and gabbros were derived from depleted magmas containing 0.5–1.0 wt.% H2O. Petrology and geochemistry indicate that troctolites have experienced two stages of melt impregnation: (1) early, water-poor melt impregnation in a dunitic matrix and (2) late, hydrous melt impregnation in a troctolitic matrix. Stage (1) generated oikocrysts of clinopyroxene and plagioclase within an olivine-rich matrix, while stage (2) formed brown amphibole. The high Cl (up to 0.25 wt%) contents of the brown amphibole and the fast cooling of the troctolites (~ 0.1 °C/year) suggest that stage (2) melt impregnation was associated with the hydration of the intercumulus melts by seawater infiltration. Together with the strong arc affinities of basalts, we suggest that Lagkorco ophiolite was formed at a nascent, slow-spreading back-arc basin with a fault-controlled crustal accretion. The deep-rooted faults may provide the channels for the downward seawater infiltration into the hot, impregnation zone near the crust–mantle transition zone. This study provides an example of seawater–magma interaction in the nascent back-arc lower oceanic crust with implications for the interplay among tectonic, hydrothermal, and magmatic processes at the slow-spreading ridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pyroxenite veins and dikes are commonly observed in the mantle section of ophiolites. Because of their mantle occurrence, these pyroxenites are free from crustal contamination and offer a unique opportunity for studying mantle compositions and melt–rock interaction processes. We conducted an integrated petrological and geochemical study of a suite of composite orthopyroxenite, websterite, and pyroxene-bearing dunite veins from the Xiugugabu ophiolite located on the western segment of Yarlung–Zangbo Suture Zone. The dunite is separated from the host peridotite by a layer of pyroxenite, forming a composite vein system. Systematic variations in major, minor, and trace element compositions in minerals across the composite veins are observed. Two generations of orthopyroxenes in the pyroxenites are characterized by high Mg#, low TiO2 concentrations, and depleted patterns of incompatible trace elements. Clinopyroxenes in the pyroxenites are characterized by high Mg#, low contents of TiO2 and Na2O, spooned shaped REE patterns, and a negative Zr anomaly. Through major and trace element modeling, we showed that both orthopyroxene and clinopyroxene were in equilibrium with melts with different compositions. This hypothesis is further confirmed by distinct initial Nd and Hf isotope ratios in the two pyroxenes. A model for the formation of composite pyroxenite veins is developed, whereby hydrous and silica-rich melts percolate along the margins of a dunite channel. The orthopyroxenite was formed by the reaction between a hydrous, silica-rich melt and the surrounding peridotite. The websterite is formed by reactive crystallization of a hybrid melt produced by mixing silica-rich melt and the melt formed by remelting of previously depleted peridotite in the deeper part of the mantle column. The extremely enriched Nd–Hf isotope compositions of the pyroxenite veins (εNd = −20.3 to +11.5 and εHf = −13.2 to +25.3, 125 million years ago) can be explained by the addition of ancient, recycled sediments to the mantle source in a supra-subduction setting. Based on the low-Cr# spinel in the Xiugugabu dunites (Cr# = 19–50) and the depleted nature of the parental melt of the Xiugugabu pyroxenites, we deduced that the formation of pyroxenites postdate the formation of the Xiugugabu ophiolite at ~125–130 Ma. Collectively, results from this study have provided support to the hypothesis that the Xiugugabu ophiolite experience a two-stage evolution, i.e. firstly formed in a mid-ocean ridge setting and subsequently modified in a supra subduction zone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Atlantis Bank Oceanic Batholith is a 660 km2 gabbro massif representing the plutonic foundation of a major ridge magmatic center. It was continuously accreted, emplaced, and exposed in the rift mountains of the paleo-SW Indian Ridge from 13 to 10·3 Ma. Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Hole 735B, drilled to 1508 m at Atlantis Bank, recovered evolved intercalated olivine and oxide gabbros representing the upper levels of the lower ocean crust. Within this section, ∼5·6 m of primitive chromian-spinel-bearing troctolites (0·1–2 m thick), with sharp modal contacts with the host gabbros, were cored between 410 and 500 m depth. Here we present new mineral (chromian spinel, clinopyroxene, olivine, and plagioclase) major and trace element and petrographic data for the troctolite suites (i.e. troctolites, clinopyroxene-rich troctolites, troctolitic gabbros) from 410 to 528 mbsf (meters below seafloor) and olivine gabbros in the 0–274 mbsf and 410–500 mbsf intervals, and examine the origin of these troctolite layers. Equilibrium melts for the troctolites are primitive to moderately evolved, with Mg# [= 100Mg/(Mg + Fe), 48–68 mol%] comparable with those of Atlantis Bank basalts. By contrast, equilibrium melts for both the 0–274 mbsf and 410–500 mbsf host olivine gabbros are highly to moderately evolved (Mg# 27–63 mol%). The 410–500 mbsf troctolite suites maintain high clinopyroxene Mg# (81–89 mol%) and mineral concentrations of compatible elements (i.e. clinopyroxene Cr2O3 0·1–1·2 wt%, Ni 151–330 μg g–1 and olivine Ni 1055–1559 μg g–1) with the increase in incompatible trace element abundances (i.e. clinopyroxene TiO2 0·3–2·1 wt%, Zr 5·8–112 μg g–1 and olivine Ti up to 293 μg g–1). Combined with abundant dissolution–reprecipitation textures, our results indicate that the troctolites were formed by the reaction between a spinel-bearing, troctolitic mush, from which they inherited the high Mg#, Ni and Cr, and percolating melts adding incompatible trace elements. Moreover, the spinel (NiO versus TiO2) and olivine (Ti versus Y) trace element compositions indicate that the troctolites were affected by low-degree Fe–Ti-rich melt metasomatism. In contrast, both the 0–274 mbsf and 410–500 mbsf olivine gabbros display a prominent decrease in clinopyroxene Mg# (from 88 to 66) and mineral compatible element concentrations (i.e. clinopyroxene Cr2O3 from 1·1 to ∼0 wt%, Ni from 208 to 34 μg g–1 and olivine Ni from 1200 to 136 μg g–1) with increasing incompatible trace element abundances (e.g. clinopyroxene Zr from 4·8 to 157 μg g–1). These features are compatible with the reactive porous flow of slightly to highly evolved melts through the cooling crystal mush zone. Our results, combined with the literature data, indicate that most olivine gabbros between 410 and 500 mbsf were formed prior to the troctolite layers. We document that the troctolites represent conduits for mid-ocean ridge basalt melt transport through the lower oceanic crust, whereas the olivine gabbros represent crystallization of a large crystal mush, recording initial gabbro emplacement, hyper- and sub-solidus deformation, and melt–rock reaction owing to upward penetrative flow of intercumulus melt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent research article published in Angewandte Chemie describes the development of a multi-function biosensing system for on-site detection. The system utilizes supersandwich DNA probes and solid-state nanochannels with hydrophobic partition modification. By introducing fluorescent molecules on the DNA probes and using test strips, the system achieves qualitative and ultra-sensitive quantitative detection. The authors highlight that the system reduces the overall risk of errors by involving only one target identification process. The research was conducted by Yu Huang, Fan Xia, and their team. [Extracted from the article]

A recent research article published in Angewandte Chemie International Edition describes the development of a multi-function biosensing system for on-site detection. The system utilizes supersandwich DNA probes and solid-state nanochannels with hydrophobic partition modification. By introducing fluorescent molecules on the DNA probes and using test strips, the system achieves qualitative and ultra-sensitive quantitative detection. The authors highlight that the system reduces the risk of errors by involving only one target identification process. The research was conducted by Yu Huang, Fan Xia, and their team. [Extracted from the article]

Lower crusts of oceanic plateaus have been rarely studied and their nature remains unclear, due to low probability in preservation. Here we demonstrate that cumulates of the Pengco Complex in central Tibet represent the lower crust of an oceanic plateau generated at ~188 Ma. Mineral crystallization order and geochemistry support their formation via low‐P fractionation from anhydrous basaltic melts. The Pengco cumulates are more magnesium rich and more depleted in rare earth elements than the mid‐ocean ridge cumulates, supporting a mantle source more refractory than the depleted MORB mantle (DMM). However, the extrusive rocks outcropped in the Pengco Complex are younger (161–166 Ma) and have a subducted‐related genesis. Such a temporal and genetical decoupling between the lower and upper crustal rocks in the Pengco Complex resulted from the subduction re‐initiation that was triggered by the oceanic plateau‐continent collision at ~164 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The internal structure of oceanic crusts is not well understood due to the limitation of deep drilling. However, that of ophiolites, i.e., on‐land ancient analogs of oceanic lithosphere, could be precisely mapped and measured. The Xigaze ophiolite in Tibet has been regarded as "peculiar", due to the sheeted sill complex in its upper crust, and non‐sheeted diabase sills/dikes crosscutting its mantle and lower crust, which are geometrically different from the primarily vertical sheeted dike complex. Based on extensive field observations, here we present petrological and geochemical data for the Xigaze ophiolite to decipher the origin of sheeted sill complex and its implications for the construction of oceanic crusts. Diabases in the Xigaze ophiolite could be subdivided into sheeted sills, Group 1 non‐sheeted dikes, and Group 2 non‐sheeted sills, based on their orientations. These diabases cut other lithologies, and hence belong to the latest‐stage products. Based on petrological, geochemical, and structural data, we highlight the important role of detachment fault in the generation of sheeted and non‐sheeted sills. During the formation of oceanic crust, large block exhumation, multi‐stage rotations, and foundering are argued here as key mechanisms for the generation of Xigaze sheeted and non‐sheeted dikes/sills, all of which are in the evolution of detachment fault systems. These processes are also not uncommon for asymmetrical segments at modern slow‐spreading and ultraslow‐spreading ridges, but are rare at symmetrical segments. Due to the evolution of detachment fault, the internal structures of (ultra)slow‐spreading ridges are more complex than those at fast‐spreading ridges. Key Points: The Xigaze ophiolite develops the peculiar sheeted sill complex, which is geometrically different from sheeted dike complexGeneration of sheeted sills is controlled by block exhumation, rotation, and foundering, which are associated with detachment faultsConstruction of slower‐spreading oceanic crusts is quite complex, and directly controlled by the evolution of detachment faults [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The architecture of lower oceanic crust at slow- and ultraslow-spreading ridge is diverse, yet the mechanisms that produce this diversity are not well understood. Particularly, the 660-km2 gabbroic massif at Atlantis Bank (Southwest Indian Ridge) exhibits significant compositional zonation, representing a high magma supply end member for accretion of the lower ocean crust at slow and ultraslow-spreading ridges. We present the petrographic and geochemical data of olivine gabbros from the 809-metre IODP Hole U1473A at Atlantis Bank gabbroic massif. Structurally, the upper portion of U1473A consists of a ∼600-metre shear zone; below this, the hole is relatively undeformed, with several minor shear zones. Olivine gabbros away from the shear zones have mineral trace element compositions indicative of high-temperature reaction with an oxide-undersaturated melt. By contrast, olivine gabbros within shear zones display petrographic and chemical features indicative of reaction with a relatively low-temperature, oxide-saturated melt. These features indicate an early stage of primitive to moderately evolved melt migration, followed by deformation-driven transport of highly evolved Fe–Ti-rich melts to high levels in this gabbroic massif. The close relationship between shear zones and the reaction with oxide-saturated melts suggests that syn-magmatic shear zones provide a conduit for late-stage, Fe–Ti-rich melt transport through Atlantis Bank lower crust. This process is critical to generate the compositional zonation observed. Thus, the degree of syn-magmatic deformation, which is fundamentally related to magma supply, plays a dominant role in developing the diversity of lower ocean crust observed at slow- and ultraslow-spreading ridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many air sampling methods are time consuming and require complex pre-treatment steps. Gas chromatography-photoionization detector (GC-PID) is a rapid method for sampling and analysis. However, although it has been used in a number of studies, its operating conditions and performance parameters have not been optimized systematically. In this study, a GC-PID method for analysis of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in gas samples without pre-concentration or enrichment was developed and optimized. This GC-PID can perform both online and off-line analysis. In online analysis, the sample was pumped directly into a Teflon sample loop (pumped online injection), which resulted in minimal loss of sample. The optimum parameters were as follows: 30-s pumping time, 10 mL min of carrier gas flow rate, and 40 °C oven temperature. GC-PID was applied to analysis of benzene, toluene and xylene. The calibration curves showed good linearity for online analysis. The results obtained by GC-PID were accurate and reliable, with all the correlation coefficients ≥0.9972 and all the relative standard deviations <3%. A mixture of benzene, toluene, and o-, m-, and p-xylenes was separated satisfactorily in 10 min, except for m- and p-xylene. The performance of the portable GC-PID was compared with that of an ATD-GC-FID for quantification of benzene, toluene and xylene in calibration gas samples, and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the o-, m-, and p-xylenes in outdoor ambient air. The results indicated that GC-PID with pumped online injection was stable and accurate for analysis of these monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is common childhood rheumatic disease harming children health. However, there is still lack of effective biomarkers for diagnosis JIA at early onset. We aim to construct a classification model to predict JIA disease. The peripheral blood gene expression profile data of JIA were downloaded from GEO database. We compared and analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between different JIA samples through Pearson's correlation coefficient method and unsupervised clustering analysis. Diagnostic model were constructed based on the deviation pathway through bioinformatics method. Eighteen specific correlated DEGs were obtained, but the correlations altered in different disease states. Although most JIA and control samples were clustered by unsupervised clustering analysis, respectively, a few JIA samples could not be clustered well. Four co-expression networks were next constructed with gene connections dynamically altered under variable conditions. Eight signaling pathways were significantly enriched including B/T cell receptor, ErbB and MAPK signaling pathways. The deviation scores of pathways were calculated. Applying these eight signaling pathways as feature to construct a classification model could predict JIA disease with high accuracies. Our data provide some light into pathogenic mechanism of JIA, the specific gene sets and the related signaling pathways may be potential biomarkers for diagnosis or therapeutic targets of JIA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper tries to explain how China can keep domestic stability under both socialist government and rapid capitalist economic growth. By tracing China's reform experience and comparing it with the mainstream reform strategies, the paper argues that, first, Chin's reform strategy is fundamentally different from the conventional reform strategies; second, China's success to a large extent is the result of Chinese leaders' decision making and careful management over reform process rather than of simply market force. Finally, the paper suggests that the active role the Chinese Communist Party plays in economic reform grants its legitimacy, thus enabling it to enjoy political stability under long term rapid economic and social transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relations between configurations of a relativistic magnetron with diffraction output (MDO) and radiation patterns obtained by experimental investigations are presented in this paper. A fluorescent lamps array is used to snap microwave patterns radiated from an A6 type MDO. Experimental results are well in agreement with computer simulations. Conclusions obtained from experiments are that (1) when an MDO operates at 2π mode, with all cavities tapered onto the output port, the MDO can directly radiate TE01 mode. (2) TEn1 (n > 0, n is integer) modes can be radiated from a π mode operating MDO with 2n azimuthally symmetric cavities tapered onto the output port. (3) By inserting optimal transition sections into tapered cavities, a pure TE11 microwave can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ophiolites worldwide show striking diversities in their rock assemblage and structure (i.e., ophiolite diversity), raising a question whether ophiolites are originally similar before intense tectonic dismemberment. Comparison between ophiolites and oceanic lithospheres at modern mid-ocean ridges may provide key constraints on the origin of ophiolite diversity, because oceanic lithospheric structures are inherently controlled by spreading rates. Here, we present a case study of the Xigaze ophiolite in southern Tibet focusing on its gabbroic intrusions outcropping in three localities, i.e., Dazhuqu, Baigang and Jiding. Compared to the Jiding sequence, the Dazhuqu and Baigang gabbroic rocks are less evolved, characterized by higher Cr2O3 contents but lower contents of TiO2 and rare earth element in both clinopyroxene and bulk compositions. It is evident, hence, that the Xigaze ophiolite is characterized by variably evolved and discontinuously distributed gabbroic intrusions, rather by a continuous lower oceanic crust between the mantle and sheeted dike complex as the Penrose-type ophiolites. Our study, along with the identification in previous studies of oceanic detachment faults within the Xigaze ophiolite, demonstrates that the Xigaze ophiolite shows close similarities to oceanic lithospheres at modern slow- and ultraslow-spreading ridges. Hence, the significant structural distinctions between the Xigaze ophiolite and the Penrose-type ophiolites (e.g., the Oman ophiolite) may be inherently associated with different spreading rates of paleo-ridges. Considering the limited scale of the Xigaze gabbroic rocks, here we suggest the Xigaze ophiolite as a typical representative of fossil ultraslow-spreading ridges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]