617 results on '"Zhang, Xiaobo"'
Search Results
2. Multilayer Spiral Tantalum Tungstate Nanotube Composites for Detection of Ascorbic acid and uric acid.
- Author
-
Dong, Li, Zhou, Yicheng, Cao, Tongtong, Zhang, Jiazheng, Zhu, Jing, Zhang, Xiaobo, Liu, Lin, and Tong, Zhiwei
- Abstract
Novel multilayer spiral tantalum tungstate nanotube composites were synthesized by guest-guest ion exchange insertion of a polyfluorinated cationic azobenzene derivative (C
3 F7 -Azo+ ) into LiTaWO6 host material. The C3 F7 -Azo+ -TaWO6 nanotube composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). TEM revealed spiral nanotubes with 4.2 nm basal spacing, consistent with a 4.13 nm basal spacing observed by XRD. FTIR, UV Spectral and XRD data indicated the azobenzene molecules were inserted between the tantalum tungstate layers. Electrochemical tests showed that the C3 F7 -Azo+ -TaWO6 nanotube composite modified on a glassy carbon electrode (C3 F7 -Azo+ -TaWO6 /GCE) has faster electron transfer capability, larger effective contact area, excellent electrical conductivity, good stability and anti-interference ability. This enables C3 F7 -Azo+ -TaWO6 /GCE to simultaneously detect ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) without interfering with each other in the ranges of 0.03–0.25 mM and 0.01–0.13 mM, with detection limits of 2.3 µM and 1.4 µM, respectively. These multilayer spiral tantalum tungstate nanotube composites show promise for electrochemical sensing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Study on multi-objective adaptive cruise control of intelligent vehicle based on multi-mode switching.
- Author
-
Chen, Qiping, Gan, Lu, Jiang, Zhiqiang, Xu, Zhao, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Study on the Properties of High Fly Ash Content Alkali-Activated Fly Ash Slag Pastes and Fiber-Reinforced Mortar Under Normal Temperature Curing.
- Author
-
Yuan, Zhu, Jia, Yanmin, Sun, Jinyu, Zhang, Xiaobo, Hu, Yaojie, and Han, Xuhua
- Subjects
FLY ash ,SOLID waste ,INDUSTRIAL wastes ,POLYPROPYLENE fibers ,FLEXURAL strength ,MORTAR - Abstract
In order to efficiently utilize industrial solid waste while minimizing the preparation cost of engineering materials and the technical difficulty of construction, this paper prepared a high fly ash content alkali-activated fly ash slag composite system at normal temperatures and conducted an in-depth investigation on it. A systematic study was conducted on the workability, mechanical properties, and microstructures of the alkali-activated fly ash slag pastes, including setting times, strength, phase, and molecular structures. We then designed and prepared fiber-reinforced alkali-activated fly ash slag mortar and studied the effects of the alkali activator modulus, glass fiber (GF), and polypropylene fiber (PPF) on the workability, mechanical properties, and frost resistance of the mortar. The following main conclusions were drawn: By adjusting the modulus of alkali activator for alkali-activated fly ash slag pastes, characteristics that meet engineering requirements could be obtained. The compressive strength of the pastes decreased with increasing proportions of fly ash, and it first increased and then decreased with increases in the activator modulus. The flexural strength decreased to varying degrees as the modulus of the activator increased. Through SEM, fly ash particles with different reaction degrees could be observed, indicating that the reaction was still ongoing. The addition of GF and PPF reduced the fluidity of mortar and significantly improved its strength and frost resistance. Fiber had the most significant effect on improving the strength of the mortar, as an activator modulus of 1.0. 0.45% PPF increased the flexural and compressive strength of the mortar by 14.33% and 29.1%, respectively, while 0.90% GF increased the flexural and compressive strength of the mortar by 3.12% and 19.21%, respectively. The frost resistance of the mortar with an activator modulus of 1.0 was significantly better than that of the mortar with an activator modulus of 1.4. 0.45% PPF and reduced the quality loss rate of the mortar by 49.30%, effectively delaying the deterioration of its freeze-thaw performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. A Novel Single Base Mutation in OsSPL42 Leads to the Formation of Leaf Lesions in Rice.
- Author
-
Li, Panpan, Shang, Huihui, Xu, Xia, Gong, Junyi, Wu, Jian-Li, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
PLANT defenses ,RECESSIVE genes ,MOLECULAR cloning ,RICE diseases & pests ,TRANSGENIC rice - Abstract
Rice spotted-leaf mutants serve as valuable resources for studying plant programmed cell death (PCD) and disease resistance mechanisms, making them crucial for research on disease resistance in rice. Map-based cloning was used to identify and clone the spotted-leaf gene OsSPL42. Then, functional complementation and CRISPR/Cas9 techniques were also employed to further validate the function of this gene. By applying leaf clippings for bacterial blight (BB) inoculation, the BB resistance of different rice lines was assessed. The results in this study were as follows: The OsSPL42 behaved as a recessive nuclear gene and was narrowed down to a 111 kb region on chromosome 8. All T
0 transgenic rice plants in the complementation experiments exhibited a wild-type phenotype, without any lesion spots on the rice leaves. This suggests that the LOC_Os08g06100 encoding O-methyltransferase is the candidate gene for the mutant spl42. The OsSpl42 is widely expressed and the OsSPL42-GFP protein is mainly localized in the cytoplasm. OsSPL42 overexpression lines are more susceptible to BBs, which indicates that OsSPL42 may act as a negative regulator of rice resistance to BB. In summary, we speculate that OsSPL42 plays an important role in the regulation of pathogen response, providing new insights into plant defense mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Prevalence and correlates of post-stroke anxiety in Changde, China during 2023 following the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions.
- Author
-
Luo, Shangyu, Hong, Yunjun, Wen, Jun, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
SLEEP duration ,COVID-19 pandemic ,STROKE ,COVID-19 ,C-reactive protein - Abstract
Background: Studies on post-stroke anxiety (PSA) following the lifting of COVID-19 restriction measures are currently lacking. We investigated the factors affecting PSA after full release of COVID-19 epidemic in China. Methods: Patients with stroke admitted to the First People's Hospital of Changde City from March 2023 to September 2023 participated in a questionnaire survey comprising a general demographic questionnaire, the Generalized Anxiety Scale-7. Additionally, data on the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, modified Rankin Scale, C-reactive protein (CRP), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), homocysteine, TOAST classification, and the stroke site were collected, and the correlations between these indices and the mental health conditions of the patients were evaluated. Results: Among 947 patients, the incidence of PSA was 14.57%.PSA was not linked to prior COVID-19 infection. This study found that Sleep duration (P=0.01), hyperlipidemia (P=0.01), migraine (P=0.02), and family history of stroke (P=0.01) were associated with PSA. Conclusions: Our study found that the prevalence of PSA was 14.57%. In addition, sleep duration, hyperlipidemia, migraine and family history of stroke were independent risk factors for PSA following the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Mazor X robot-assisted upper and lower cervical pedicle screw fixation: a case report and literature review.
- Author
-
Gao, Zilin, Zhang, Xiaobo, Xu, Zhengwei, Jiang, Chao, Hu, Wei, Zhang, Haiping, and Hao, Dingjun
- Subjects
LITERATURE reviews ,MUSCLE strength ,SURGICAL robots ,TRAFFIC accidents ,SCREWS ,SPINAL cord injuries - Abstract
Background: Manual placement of cervical pedicle screws is risky, and robot-assisted placement of atlantoaxial pedicle screws has not been reported. Case report: We describe a 74-year-old female patient with atlantoaxial fracture and dislocation combined with spinal cord injury caused by a car accident. The left lower limb muscle strength was grade 0, the right upper limb muscle strength was grade 1, and the right lower limb muscle strength was grade 2. Loss of sensation below the clavicle level, decreased superficial sensation in the extremities, loss of deep sensation in the left lower extremity, and incontinence were observed. We successfully placed atlas pedicle screws with the assistance of the Mazor X robot. One week after the operation, radiological imaging revealed that the reduction effect was good, the placement of the pedicle screws was satisfactory, the left upper limb and left lower limb muscle strength was level 2, the right upper limb and the muscle strength of the right lower limb were grade 3, and the sensory function was partially restored. No complications related to screw placement were found at the 3-month postoperative follow-up. Conclusions: Mazor X robot-assisted descending pedicle screw fixation of the atlas is feasible and safe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Modeling and Performance Analysis of Variable Cycle Engine with Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Blades.
- Author
-
Li, Baokuo, Huang, Sheng, Yan, Huaixu, Zhang, Xiaobo, Du, Kun, and Wang, Zhanxue
- Subjects
TURBINE blades ,ENERGY consumption ,TURBINES ,AIR flow ,THRUST - Abstract
To meet the requirements of future aircraft for power systems, the turbine inlet temperatures of aero engines are gradually increasing. Ceramic matrix composite (CMC), with its higher thermal limit, has become the preferred material for the turbine blades of variable cycle engines (VCEs). However, the impact of CMC turbine blades on the performance of a VCE is still unknown. In this research project, the comprehensive cooling-efficiency characteristics of CMC are determined through a fluid–solid coupling calculation; a cooling calculation model for turbine blades is established, and cooling airflow solution and control technology (CSCT) for an air system is developed. Additionally, a VCE simulation model is established to analyze the influence of CMC turbine blades on the cooling airflow of the air system and the overall performance of the engine. The results show that, for the design condition, the CMC turbine blade can reduce the cooling airflow of the air system by approximately 10%, and the net thrust is increased by 6.07–7.98%. For the off-design conditions, with the CSCT, the specific fuel consumption can be reduced by 3.06–5.73% while ensuring that the engine net thrust remains unchanged. A comprehensive analysis of the performance for both the design point and off-design points indicates that the use of CMC for high-pressure turbine (HPT) guide vanes and rotor blades yields significant performance benefits, while the performance improvement from the use of CMC for low-pressure turbine (LPT) rotor blades is minimal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Efficient estimation procedure for failure probability function by an augmented directional sampling.
- Author
-
Ye, Nan, Lu, Zhenzhou, Feng, Kaixuan, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
FAILURE mode & effects analysis ,PROBLEM solving ,SURFACE states ,DESIGN failures ,INTERPOLATION - Abstract
Failure probability function (FPF) can reflect quantitative effects of random input distribution parameter (DP) on failure probability, and it is significant for decoupling reliability‐based design optimization (RBDO). But the FPF estimation is time‐consuming since it generally requires repeated reliability analyses at different DPs. For efficiently estimating FPF, an augmented directional sampling (A‐DS) is proposed in this paper. By using the property that the limit state surface (LSS) in physical input space is independent of DP, the A‐DS establishes transformation of LSS samples in standard normal spaces corresponding to different DPs. By the established transformation in different standard normal spaces, the LSS samples obtained by DS at a given DP can be transformed to those at other DPs. After simple interpolation post‐processing on those transformed samples, the failure probability at other DPs can be estimated by DS simultaneously. The main novelty of A‐DS is that a strategy of sharing DS samples is designed for estimating the failure probability at different DPs. The A‐DS avoids repeated reliability analyses and inherits merit of DS suitable for solving problems with multiple failure modes and small failure probability. Compared with other FPF estimation methods, the examples sufficiently verify the accuracy and efficiency of A‐DS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Analysis of Clinicopathological and Molecular Features of Microcystic, Elongated, and Fragmented Pattern Invasion in Endometrioid Endometrial Cancer.
- Author
-
Zhang, Xiaobo, Han, Bo, and Shen, Danhua
- Subjects
LYMPH nodes ,CANCER invasiveness ,CANCER relapse ,MYOMETRIUM ,CANCER patients ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,HOSPITALS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SYMPTOMS ,ENDOMETRIAL tumors ,IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY ,METASTASIS ,TUMOR classification ,STAINS & staining (Microscopy) ,PATHOGENESIS ,CERVIX uteri ,MOLECULAR diagnosis - Abstract
Simple Summary: The aim of this study was to report on the clinical, pathological, and molecular features of endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) with and without microcystic, elongated, and fragmented (MELF) infiltration and to evaluate the latest phase of the Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, updated in 2023. MELF is a special invasion pattern in EEC and is associated with certain clinicopathological features, such as 2023 FIGO staging, tumor grade, the presence of LVSI, LNM, and mismatch-repair deficiency (MMRd). LVSI, LNM, and MMRd were more frequent in the MELF group than in the no-MELF group, and the differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Molecular classification was also applicable to the MELF pattern. The recurrence risk was highest in the copy number—high (CNH) subgroup, followed by the microsatellite instability—high (MSI-H) group, whereas POLE and copy number—low (CNL) were associated with a relatively good prognosis in this cohort. This study is a large-cohort investigation and provides valuable information regarding molecular classification and updated 2023 FIGO staging for MELF, highlighting the importance of integrating molecular and traditional histopathological assessments for risk evaluation. This approach could enhance prognostic accuracy and facilitate tailored therapeutic strategies. Background: Microcystic, elongated, and fragmented (MELF) invasion is a special invasion pattern in endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC). This study aimed to investigate the clinical, pathological, and molecular features of the MELF pattern and its prognostic value in patients with EEC. Materials and Methods: The clinical and pathological data of 342 patients with EEC were retrospectively collected at Peking University People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022. Some key clinicopathological features were evaluated, including the tumor grade, Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, cervical stromal involvement, lymph node status, and lymphatic vascular space infiltration (LVSI). Immunohistochemical staining and molecular tests were performed, and the relevant literature was reviewed. Results: The MELF pattern was more prevalent in low-grade EEC. A significant correlation was found between the MELF pattern and advanced FIGO staging, LVSI, the depth of myometrial invasion, cervical stromal involvement, and lymph node metastasis (LNM). The incidence of mismatch-repair-deficient (MMRd) proteins was much higher in the MELF group than in the no-MELF group. Molecular testing revealed that, after copy number—low (CNL), microsatellite instability—high (MSI-H) was the second-most frequent subtype in the MELF group. The recurrence risk did not significantly differ between the MELF and no-MELF groups, but the differences among the four molecular subtypes were statistically significant. However, the MELF group experienced a shorter recurrence time. Among the four molecular subtypes, the recurrence risk was the highest in the CNH subgroup, followed by the MSI-H subgroup. Conclusions: MELF is a special invasion pattern in EEC and is associated with distinct clinicopathological and molecular characteristics, including the latest 2023 FIGO staging. Further research is warranted to explore its implications for treatment strategies and patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Revolutionizing Intervertebral Disc Regeneration: Advances and Future Directions in Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Hydrogel Scaffolds.
- Author
-
Zhang, Xiaobo, Gao, Xidan, Zhang, Xuefang, Yao, Xin, and Kang, Xin
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Effects of Solution Temperature and Nd Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Mg-12Gd-2Zn-xNd-0.4Zr Alloys.
- Author
-
Geng, Xue, Hong, Lixin, Jiang, Jiahao, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
TENSILE strength ,MAGNESIUM alloys ,SCANNING electron microscopes ,VICKERS hardness ,OPTICAL microscopes - Abstract
To reveal the influences of solution temperature and Nd addition on microstructures and mechanical properties of Mg-12Gd-2Zn-xNd-0.4Zr (x = 0, 0.5, and 1 wt.%) alloys, optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, tensile testing machine, nano-indentation tester, and Vickers hardness tester were used to study the microstructures and mechanical properties of the solution-treated alloys. The results show that with the increase in solution temperature, the alternating α-Mg and β-(Mg, Zn)
3 Gd eutectic phase and the stacking faults (SFs) and long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) structures gradually decrease and disappear, accompanied by the increased needle-like precipitated phase. The β-(Mg, Zn)3 Gd and needle-like precipitated phases increase with increasing Nd addition under the same solution temperature. The yield strength and elongation are both enhanced with increasing solution temperature, the yield strength is also improved but the elongation is reduced with increasing Nd addition. Most importantly, the comprehensive mechanical property, called product of strength and elongation, is significantly improved by increasing solution temperature for the three alloys, but overall, it is reduced with increasing Nd addition solution treated at the same temperature. The Mg-12Gd-2Zn-0.5Nd-0.4Zr solution treated at 515 °C shows the highest product of strength and elongation (4498.4 MPa%) with the ultimate tensile strength of 335.7 MPa and elongation of 13.4%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Can Omega-3 prevent the accidence of stroke: a mendelian randomization study.
- Author
-
Xi, Chongcheng, Zhang, Jie, Liu, Haihui, Tao, Sian, Xie, Ying, Liu, Jibin, Tong, Changqing, Tian, Dong, Ye, Hua, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
SATURATED fatty acids ,UNSATURATED fatty acids ,ISCHEMIC stroke ,FATTY acids ,DOWNLOADING - Abstract
Background: The lipid-lowering effects of Omega-3 fatty acids have been widely reported, yet their impact on ischemic stroke remains controversial. Reports on the protective effects of unsaturated fatty acids, such as Omega-6 and Omega-7, as well as saturated fatty acids in cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and ischemic stroke, are less frequent. Objectives: This study aims to identify fatty acids associated with blood pressure and ischemic stroke through Mendelian randomization. Besides, it seeks to determine whether specific fatty acids can prevent ischemic stroke by managing blood pressure and revealing the specific mechanisms of this action. Methods: This research involved downloading relevant data from websites and extracting SNPs that met the standard criteria as instrumental variables. Simultaneously, the 'MR-PRESSO' package and 'Mendelian Randomization' package were used to eliminate confounding SNPs that could bias the study results. Then, inverse variance weighting and the weighted median were employed as primary analysis methods, accompanied by sensitivity analysis to assess the validity of the causal relationships. Initially, multivariable Mendelian randomization was used to identify fatty acids linked to blood pressure and the incidence of ischemic stroke. The causal link between certain fatty acids and the initiation of ischemic stroke was then investigated using bidirectional and mediator Mendelian randomization techniques. Stepwise Regression and the Product of Coefficients Method in mediator Mendelian randomization were utilized to ascertain whether specific fatty acids reduce ischemic stroke risk by lowering blood pressure. Results: Multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis indicated a potential inverse correlation between Omega-3 intake and both blood pressure and ischemic stroke. Consequently, Omega-3 was selected as the exposure, with blood pressure and ischemic stroke-related data as outcomes, for further bidirectional and mediation Mendelian Randomization analyses. Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization revealed that Omega-3 significantly influences DBP (P = 1.01e-04) and IS (P = 0.016). It also showed that DBP and SBP significantly affect LAS, SVS, CES, IS, and LS. Mediator Mendelian Randomization identified five established mediating pathways: Omega-3-Diastolic blood pressure-Small vessel stroke, Omega-3-Diastolic blood pressure-Cardioembolic stroke, Omega-3-Diastolic blood pressure-Lacunar stroke, Omega-3-Diastolic blood pressure-Large artery atherosclerosis stroke, and Omega-3-Diastolic blood pressure-Ischemic stroke. Of these, four pathways are complete mediation, and one pathway is partial mediation. Conclusions: The findings suggest that Omega-3 may indirectly reduce the incidence of ischemic stroke by lowering blood pressure. Thus, blood pressure modulation might be one of the mechanisms through which Omega-3 prevents ischemic stroke. In summary, incorporating an increased intake of Omega-3 in the diet can serve as one of the dietary intervention strategies for patients with hypertension. Additionally, it can act as an adjunctive therapy for the prevention of ischemic strokes and their complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Development of gelatin-methacryloyl composite carriers for bone morphogenetic Protein-2 delivery: A potential strategy for spinal fusion.
- Author
-
Li, Tao, Zhang, Xiaobo, Hu, Yicun, Gao, Xidan, Yao, Xin, and Xu, Zhengwei
- Subjects
MESENCHYMAL stem cells ,SPINAL fusion ,SPINAL surgery ,BONE marrow transplantation ,BONE cells - Abstract
To reduce the risk of nonunion after spinal fusion surgery, the in situ transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) induced toward osteogenic differentiation by bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) has been proven effective. However, the current biological agents used for transplantation have limitations, such as a short half-life and low bioavailability. To address this, our study utilized a safe and effective gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMA) as a carrier for BMP2. In vitro, experiments were conducted to observe the ability of this composite vehicle to induce osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. The results showed that the GelMA hydrogel, with its critical properties and controlled release performance of BMP2, exhibited a slow release of BMP2 over 30 days. Moreover, the GelMA hydrogel not only enhanced the proliferation activity of BMSCs but also significantly promoted their osteogenic differentiation ability, surpassing the BMP2 effects. To investigate the potential of the GelMA-BMP2 composite vehicle, a rabbit model was employed to explore its ability to induce in situ intervertebral fusion by BMSCs. Transplantation experiments in rabbits demonstrated the effective induction of intervertebral bone fusion by the GelMA-BMP2-BMSC composite vehicle. In conclusion, the GelMA-BMP2-BMSC composite vehicle shows promising prospects in preclinical translational therapy for spinal intervertebral fusion. It addresses the limitations of current biological agents and offers a controlled release of BMP2, enhancing the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Compact ultrafast neutron sources via bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap.
- Author
-
Lei, Zhiyu, Ma, Hanghang, Zhang, Xiaobo, Yu, Lin, Zhang, Yihang, Li, Yutong, Weng, Suming, Chen, Min, Zhang, Jie, and Sheng, Zhengming
- Subjects
NUCLEAR research ,NEUTRON sources ,ION traps ,NEUTRON temperature ,FEMTOSECOND pulses ,NEUTRON generators ,LASER pulses ,LASER-plasma interactions ,LASER plasmas - Abstract
A scheme for a quasi-monoenergetic high-flux neutron source with femtosecond duration and highly anisotropic angular distribution is proposed. This scheme is based on bulk acceleration of deuteron ions in an optical trap or density grating formed by two counter-propagating laser pulses at an intensity of ∼ 1 0 16 W / c m 2 in a near-critical-density plasma. The deuterons are first pre-accelerated to an energy of tens of keV in the ambipolar fields formed in the optical trap. Their energy is boosted to the MeV level by another one or two laser pulses at an intensity of ∼ 1 0 20 W / c m 2 , enabling fusion reactions to be triggered with high efficiency. In contrast to previously proposed pitcher–catcher configurations, our scheme can provide spatially periodic acceleration structures and effective collisions between deuterons inside the whole target volume. Subsequently, neutrons are generated directly inside the optical trap. Our simulations show that neutron pulses with energy 2–8 MeV, yield 10
18 –1019 n/s, and total number 106 –107 in a duration ∼ 400 fs can be obtained with a 25 μm target. Moreover, the neutron pulses exhibit unique angularly dependent energy spectra and flux distributions, predominantly along the axis of the energy-boosting lasers. Such microsize femtosecond neutron pulses may find many applications, such as high-resolution fast neutron imaging and nuclear physics research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Exploring the Effects and Potential Mechanisms of Hesperidin for the Treatment of CPT-11-Induced Diarrhea: Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and Experimental Validation.
- Author
-
Shu, Xinyao, Xu, Ruitong, Xiong, Peiyu, Liu, Junyu, Zhou, Zubing, Shen, Tao, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
POISONS ,MOLECULAR docking ,GASTROINTESTINAL agents ,MOLECULAR pharmacology ,CITRUS fruits - Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CID) is a potentially serious side effect that often occurs during anticancer therapy and is caused by the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in increased frequency of bowel movements and fluid contents. Among these agents, irinotecan (CPT-11) is most commonly associated with CID. Hesperidin (HPD), a flavonoid glycoside found predominantly in citrus fruits, has anti-oxidation properties and anti-inflammation properties that may benefit CID management. Nevertheless, its potential mechanism is still uncertain. In this study, we firstly evaluated the pharmacodynamics of HPD for the treatment of CID in a mouse model, then used network pharmacology and molecular docking methods to excavate the mechanism of HPD in relieving CID, and finally further proved the predicted mechanism through molecular biology experiments. The results demonstrate that HPD significantly alleviated diarrhea, weight loss, colonic pathological damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation in CID mice. In addition, 74 potential targets for HPD intervention in CID were verified by network pharmacology, with the top 10 key targets being AKT1, CASP3, ALB, EGFR, HSP90AA1, MMP9, ESR1, ANXA5, PPARG, and IGF1. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis revealed that the PI3K–Akt pathway, FoxO pathway, MAPK pathway, TNF pathway, and Ras pathway were most relevant to the HPD potential treatment of CID genes. The molecular docking results showed that HPD had good binding to seven apoptosis-related targets, including AKT1, ANXA5, CASP3, HSP90AA1, IGF1, MMP9, and PPARG. Moreover, we verified apoptosis by TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining and immunohistochemistry, and the hypothesis about the proteins above was further verified by Western blotting in vivo experiments. Overall, this study elucidates the potential and underlying mechanisms of HPD in alleviating CID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. A Cost‐Effective Hemin‐Based Artificial Enzyme Allows for Practical Applications.
- Author
-
Qiu, Dehui, He, Fangni, Liu, Yuan, Zhou, Zhaoxi, Yang, Yuqin, Long, Zhongwen, Chen, Qianqian, Chen, Desheng, Wei, Shijiong, Mao, Xuanxiang, Zhang, Xiaobo, Mergny, Jean‐Louis, Monchaud, David, Ju, Huangxian, and Zhou, Jun
- Subjects
SYNTHETIC enzymes ,HORSERADISH peroxidase ,PEROXIDASE ,TURNOVER frequency (Catalysis) ,HEMIN ,WASTE recycling - Abstract
Nanomaterials excel in mimicking the structure and function of natural enzymes while being far more interesting in terms of structural stability, functional versatility, recyclability, and large‐scale preparation. Herein, the story assembles hemin, histidine analogs, and G‐quadruplex DNA in a catalytically competent supramolecular assembly referred to as assembly‐activated hemin enzyme (AA‐heminzyme). The catalytic properties of AA‐heminzyme are investigated both in silico (by molecular docking and quantum chemical calculations) and in vitro (notably through a systematic comparison with its natural counterpart horseradish peroxidase, HRP). It is found that this artificial system is not only as efficient as HRP to oxidize various substrates (with a turnover number kcat of 115 s−1) but also more practically convenient (displaying better thermal stability, recoverability, and editability) and more economically viable, with a catalytic cost amounting to <10% of that of HRP. The strategic interest of AA‐heminzyme is further demonstrated for both industrial wastewater remediation and biomarker detection (notably glutathione, for which the cost is decreased by 98% as compared to commercial kits). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Enhancement of Overall Kinetics by Se−Br Chemistry in Rechargeable Li−S Batteries.
- Author
-
Lv, Xucheng, Qian, Zikai, Zhang, Xiaobo, Zhang, Xie, Zheng, Hongfei, Liu, Mingjie, Liu, Yingchun, and Lu, Jun
- Subjects
CHEMICAL kinetics ,IONIC conductivity ,ACTIVATION energy ,LITHIUM ions ,ELECTROLYTES ,LITHIUM sulfur batteries - Abstract
The sluggish kinetics of lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries severely impedes the application in extreme conditions. Bridging the sulfur cathode and lithium anode, the electrolyte plays a crucial role in regulating kinetic behaviors of Li−S batteries. Herein, we report a multifunctional electrolyte additive of phenyl selenium bromide (PhSeBr) to simultaneously exert positive influences on both electrodes and the electrolyte. For the cathode, an ideal conversion routine with lower energy barrier can be attained by the redox mediator and homogeneous catalyst derived from PhSeBr, thus improving the reaction kinetics and utilization of sulfur. Meanwhile, the presence of Se−Br bond helps to reconstruct a loose solvation sheath of lithium ions and a robust bilayer SEI with excellent ionic conductivity, which contributes to reducing the de‐solvation energy and simultaneously enhancing the interfacial kinetics. The Li−S battery with PhSeBr displays superior long cycling stability with a reversible capacity of 1164.7 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 0.5 C rate. And the pouch cell exhibits a maximum capacity of 845.3 mAh and a capacity retention of 94.8 % after 50 cycles. Excellent electrochemical properties are also obtained in extreme conditions of high sulfur loadings and low temperature of −20 °C. This work demonstrates the versatility and practicability of the special additive, striking out an efficient but simple method to design advanced Li−S batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Enhancement of Overall Kinetics by Se−Br Chemistry in Rechargeable Li−S Batteries.
- Author
-
Lv, Xucheng, Qian, Zikai, Zhang, Xiaobo, Zhang, Xie, Zheng, Hongfei, Liu, Mingjie, Liu, Yingchun, and Lu, Jun
- Subjects
CHEMICAL kinetics ,IONIC conductivity ,ACTIVATION energy ,LITHIUM ions ,ELECTROLYTES ,LITHIUM sulfur batteries - Abstract
The sluggish kinetics of lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries severely impedes the application in extreme conditions. Bridging the sulfur cathode and lithium anode, the electrolyte plays a crucial role in regulating kinetic behaviors of Li−S batteries. Herein, we report a multifunctional electrolyte additive of phenyl selenium bromide (PhSeBr) to simultaneously exert positive influences on both electrodes and the electrolyte. For the cathode, an ideal conversion routine with lower energy barrier can be attained by the redox mediator and homogeneous catalyst derived from PhSeBr, thus improving the reaction kinetics and utilization of sulfur. Meanwhile, the presence of Se−Br bond helps to reconstruct a loose solvation sheath of lithium ions and a robust bilayer SEI with excellent ionic conductivity, which contributes to reducing the de‐solvation energy and simultaneously enhancing the interfacial kinetics. The Li−S battery with PhSeBr displays superior long cycling stability with a reversible capacity of 1164.7 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 0.5 C rate. And the pouch cell exhibits a maximum capacity of 845.3 mAh and a capacity retention of 94.8 % after 50 cycles. Excellent electrochemical properties are also obtained in extreme conditions of high sulfur loadings and low temperature of −20 °C. This work demonstrates the versatility and practicability of the special additive, striking out an efficient but simple method to design advanced Li−S batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Regulation of Hippo/YAP axis in colon cancer progression by the deubiquitinase JOSD1.
- Author
-
Sun, Yanan, Liu, Dongyi, Zhang, Xiaobo, Su, Peng, Li, Xin, Li, Zhongbo, Gai, Yingwen, Li, Jingying, Yang, Zhiyong, Ding, Yinlu, Zhu, Jian, and Tan, Xiaodong
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Virus‐Induced Histone Lactylation Promotes Virus Infection in Crustacean.
- Author
-
Zhang, Yu and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
WHITE spot syndrome virus ,VIRUS diseases ,PROTEIN kinases ,GLYCOLYSIS ,INFECTION control ,RIBOSOMAL proteins - Abstract
As "non‐cellular organisms", viruses need to infect living cells to survive themselves. The virus infection must alter host's metabolisms. However, the influence of the metabolites from the altered metabolisms of virus‐infected host cells on virus‐host interactions remains largely unclear. To address this issue, shrimp, a representative species of crustaceans, is challenged with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in this study. The in vivo results presented that the WSSV infection enhanced shrimp glycolysis, leading to the accumulation of lactate. The lactate accumulation in turn promoted the site‐specific histone lactylation (H3K18la and H4K12la) in a p300/HDAC1/HDAC3‐dependent manner. H3K18la and H4K12la are enriched in the promoters of 75 target genes, of which the H3K18la and H4K12la modification upregulated the expression of ribosomal protein S6 kinases 2 (S6K2) in the virus‐infected hosts to promote the virus infection. Further data revealed that the virus‐encoded miR‐N20 targeted hypoxia inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) to inhibit the host glycolysis, leading to the suppression of H3K18la and H4K12la. Therefore, the findings contributed novel insights into the effects and the underlying mechanism of the virus‐induced histone lactylation on the virus‐host interactions, providing new targets for the control of virus infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Core–Shell Interface Engineering Strategies for Modulating Energy Transfer in Rare Earth-Doped Nanoparticles.
- Author
-
Zhou, Zhaoxi, Liu, Yuan, Guo, Lichao, Wang, Tian, Yan, Xinrong, Wei, Shijiong, Qiu, Dehui, Chen, Desheng, Zhang, Xiaobo, and Ju, Huangxian
- Subjects
ENERGY dissipation ,ENERGY transfer ,REACTIVE oxygen species ,PHOTODYNAMIC therapy ,ELEMENTAL analysis - Abstract
Rare earth-doped nanoparticles (RENPs) are promising biomaterials with substantial potential in biomedical applications. Their multilayered core–shell structure design allows for more diverse uses, such as orthogonal excitation. However, the typical synthesis strategies—one-pot successive layer-by-layer (LBL) method and seed-assisted (SA) method—for creating multilayered RENPs show notable differences in spectral performance. To clarify this issue, a thorough comparative analysis of the elemental distribution and spectral characteristics of RENPs synthesized by these two strategies was conducted. The SA strategy, which avoids the partial mixing stage of shell and core precursors inherent in the LBL strategy, produces RENPs with a distinct interface in elemental distribution. This unique elemental distribution reduces unnecessary energy loss via energy transfer between heterogeneous elements in different shell layers. Consequently, the synthesis method choice can effectively modulate the spectral properties of RENPs. This discovery has been applied to the design of orthogonal RENP biomedical probes with appropriate dimensions, where the SA strategy introduces a refined inert interface to prevent unnecessary energy loss. Notably, this strategy has exhibited a 4.3-fold enhancement in NIR-II in vivo imaging and a 2.1-fold increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS)-related photodynamic therapy (PDT) orthogonal applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Endovascular thrombectomy versus medical management on outcomes with infarct volumes more than 70 mL.
- Author
-
Han, Nannan, Zhang, Xiaobo, Zhang, Yu, Liu, Yu, Ma, Haojun, Ge, Hanming, Wang, Yanfei, Li, Shilin, Yan, Xudong, Li, Tengfei, Wu, Yulun, Ma, Juan, Shi, Wenzhen, Zhang, Gejuan, Tian, Ye, and Chang, Mingze
- Subjects
ENDOVASCULAR surgery ,MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,CEREBRAL circulation ,ISCHEMIC stroke ,COHORT analysis - Abstract
Objective: Endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in patients with large infarct volume remains controversial. The aim of this study is to compare clinical outcomes between EVT and medical management in acute large vessel occlusion with infarct volumes larger than 70 mL on diffusion‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI). Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was conducted, including patients with anterior cerebral circulation occlusion due to ischemic stroke with infarct volumes larger than 70 mL within 24 h of onset between July 2018 and June 2023. Eligible patients were divided into two groups: the EVT group and the medical management (non‐EVT) group. The main outcomes were functional independence and mortality at 90 days. To assess clinical endpoints, we selected variables including age, NIHSS score, infarct volume, and occlusion location for 1:1 propensity score (PS) matching and PS adjustment using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW). Results: Among the 131 identified patients (mean [SD] age, 69.9 [13.7] years; 58 female), the median infarct volume was 123.6 mL. Of these patients, 75 (57.3%) underwent EVT. After PS adjustment, EVT was not associated with functional independence (10.9% vs. 10.9%; p = 1.000) or mortality (43.5% vs. 47.8%; p = 0.675). Additionally, after PS adjustment using IPTW, EVT was also not associated with a functional independence (15.8% vs. 13.7%; p = 0.767) or mortality (46.8% vs. 44.0%; p = 0.762). Conclusion: This study provides real‐world evidence regarding infarct volumes larger than 70 mL, indicating that EVT does not provide benefits compared to medical management alone when considering age, NIHSS score, infarct volume, and occlusion location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Adapting to the acidic environment of the NP: RADA16-PLGA (TGF-β3) induces chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs.
- Author
-
Yao, Xin, Li, Shaolong, Lin, Maoqiang, Xu, Weiyuan, Zhang, Xiaobo, and Zhou, Haiyu
- Abstract
Aim: RADA16-PLGA composite scaffolds constructed with simultaneous loading of BMSCs and TGF-β3 and explored their ability for chondrogenic differentiation in vitro. Methods: The performance of the composite scaffolds is assessed by rheometer assay, electron microscopic structural observation and ELISA release assay. The biosafety of the composite scaffolds is assessed by cytocompatibility assay and cell migration ability. The chondrogenic differentiation ability of composite scaffolds is evaluated by Alisin blue staining, PCR and immunofluorescence staining. Results: The composite scaffold has a good ECM-like structure, the ability to control the release of TGF-β3 and good biocompatibility. More importantly, the composite scaffolds can induce the differentiation of BMSCs to chondrocytes. Conclusion: Composite scaffolds are expected to enhance the endogenous NP repair process. Graphical Abstract RADA16 aqueous solution, PLGA microspheres and BMSCs are mixed to form a composite aqueous solution. The aqueous solution is injected into the body and exposed to the acidic environment of the NP. The nucleus pulposus pH induces gelation of the aqueous solution to form a composite scaffold. The composite scaffold can function in vivo. It induces the differentiation of BMSCs into chondrocytes and subsequently secretes a large amount of ECM such as Collagen II, GAGAs and SOX-9. In addition, it also enhances the self-repair of endogenous BMSCs, which is to replenish the reduction of nucleus pulposus cells and the loss of ECM. Article highlights There is an endogenous repair process during myeloid degeneration, but there is an insufficient number of stem cells and a lack of sustained release of growth factors. BMSCs can differentiate into chondrocytes and secrete extracellular matrix in response to TGFβ3. The physico-mechanical properties and ultrastructure of the RADA16 hydrogel meet the requirements of the target material. The suitable conditions for RADA16 are 1% w/v and pH = 7.0. The RADA16-PLGA hydrogel-microsphere composite scaffold structure can encapsulate TGF-β3 to form a good controlled release system. The suitable conditions for the composite scaffold are 1% w/v and pH = 7.0. Composite scaffolds have good cytocompatibility. Composite scaffolds can recruit BMSCs for migration to the composite scaffold. The composite scaffold can adapt to the acidic environment of the degenerated disc, inducing the differentiation of BMSCs to chondrocyte-like cells while secreting large amounts of ECM. Composite scaffolds are expected to enhance the endogenous NP repair process and are promising tissue-engineered scaffolds for IVDD repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Transcription factor OsNF‐YC1 regulates grain size by coordinating the transcriptional activation of OsMADS1 in Oryza sativa L.
- Author
-
Cui, Zhibo, Wang, Xiaowen, Dai, Yongdong, Li, Yangyang, Ban, Yijie, Tian, Weijiang, Zhang, Xiaobo, Feng, Xinyu, Zhang, Xuefei, Jia, Luqi, He, Guanghua, and Sang, Xianchun
- Subjects
TRANSCRIPTION factors ,RNA interference ,SMALL interfering RNA ,RICE ,GRAIN size ,FORKHEAD transcription factors - Abstract
SUMMARY: Grain weight, grain number per panicle, and the number of panicles are the three factors that determine rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield. Of these, grain weight, which not only directly determines rice yield but also influences appearance and quality, is often considered the most important for rice production. Here, we describe OsNF‐YC1, a member of the NF‐Y transcription factor family that regulates rice grain size. OsNF‐YC1 knockout plants (osnf‐yc1), obtained using CRISPR‐Cas9 technology, showed reduced grain weight due to reduced width and thickness, with no change in grain length, leading to a slenderer grain shape. Downregulation of OsNF‐YC1 using RNA interference resulted in similar grain phenotypes as osnf‐yc1. OsNF‐YC1 affects grain formation by regulating both cell proliferation and cell expansion. OsNF‐YC1 localizes in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, has transcriptional activation activity at both the N‐terminus and C‐terminus, and is highly expressed in young panicles. OsNF‐YC1 interacts with OsMADS1 both in vivo and in vitro. Further analysis showed that the histone‐like structural CBFD‐NFYB‐HMF domain of OsNF‐YC1 conserved in the OsNF‐YC transcription factor family can directly interact with the MADS‐box domain of OsMADS1 to enhance its transcriptional activation activity. This interaction positively regulates the expression of OsMADS55, the direct downstream target of OsMADS1. Therefore, this paper reveals a potential grain size regulation pathway controlled by an OsNF‐YC1‐OsMADS1‐OsMADS55 module in rice. Significance Statement: This paper described the molecular mechanism of OsNF‐YC1 regulating rice grain size formation, a potential pathway of OsNF‐YC1‐OsMADS1‐OsMADS55. OsNF‐YC1 knockout plants displayed the slender grain size with the narrower grain width than the controls, the yield of which was not changed due to the number of grains per panicle of the osnf‐yc1 mutant is increased. Therefore, OsNF‐YC1 can be used for improving rice appearance quality and yield, which has a potential value in practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Thermal Analysis of THz Schottky Diode Chips with Single and Double-Row Anode Arrangement.
- Author
-
Liu, Zenghui, Zhang, Xiaobo, Liang, Zhiwen, Wang, Fengge, Xu, Yanyan, Yang, Xien, Li, Xin, Liang, Yisheng, Lin, Lizhang, Li, Xiaodong, Zhao, Wenbo, Cao, Xin, Wang, Xinqiang, and Zhang, Baijun
- Subjects
TEMPERATURE distribution ,HEAT transfer ,THERMAL analysis ,ANODES ,GALLIUM nitride ,SCHOTTKY barrier diodes - Abstract
GaN Schottky diodes show great potential in high-power terahertz frequency multipliers. The thermal characteristics of GaN Schottky diodes with single and double-row anode arrangements are described in this paper. The temperature distribution inside the Schottky diode is discussed in detail under the coupling condition of Joule heat and solid heat transfer. The effects of different substrates and substrate geometric parameters on the thermal characteristics of the Schottky diode chips with single and double-row anode arrangements are systematically analyzed. Compared with that of the chip with single-row anode arrangement, the maximum temperature of the chip with double-row anode arrangement can be reduced by 40 K at the same conditions. For chips with different substrates, chips with diamond substrates can withstand greater power dissipation when reaching the same temperature. The simulation results are instructive for the design and optimization of Schottky diodes in the terahertz field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Risk Factors for Post-Stroke Depression Following the Lifting of COVID-19 Restrictions.
- Author
-
Luo, Shangyu, Hu, Xueqin, Hong, Yunjun, Gao, Yunchun, Liu, Xianglin, Peng, Yu, Tong, Xueqing, Zhang, Xiaobo, and Wen, Jun
- Subjects
SLEEP duration ,CEREBRAL infarction ,COVID-19 ,STROKE ,CEREBRAL hemorrhage - Abstract
Purpose: Research on post-stroke depression (PSD) following the lifting of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) restrictions remains sparse. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with PSD after the easing of COVID-19 restriction measures. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 947 stroke patients (cerebral hemorrhage and cerebral infarction) meeting the inclusion criteria. Participants completed a demographic questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9). Additionally, data were collected on C-reactive protein (CRP), homocysteine (Hcy), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), stroke site, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and the Trial of ORG 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification. This study assessed correlations between these indices and PSD. Results: Stroke patients with a PHQ-9 score ≥ 5 were identified as having PSD, with a prevalence rate of 14.15%. No significant correlation was found between previous COVID-19 infection and PSD. However, multiple regression analysis revealed associations between PSD and the following factors: TSH (OR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.76– 1), CRP levels (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1– 1.02), family history of stroke (OR: 4.25, 95% CI: 1.66– 10.88), migraine history (OR: 8.63, 95% CI: 2.49– 29.85), and shorter sleep duration (OR: 0.6, 95% CI: 0.51– 0.71) (all P <> 0.05). Conclusion: CRP, family history of stroke, migraine, sleep duration, and TSH are identified as independent risk factors for PSD following the lifting of COVID-19 restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Resting‐state functional connectivity of the occipital cortex in different subtypes of Parkinson's disease.
- Author
-
Lan, Yina, Yuan, Hongjun, Ma, Xiaoxaio, Yin, ChunYu, Liu, Xinyun, Zeng, XiYu, Lyu, Jinhao, Xiong, Yongqin, Zhang, Xiaobo, Lu, Haoxuan, Zhong, Yujue, Li, Xuemei, Cui, Zhiqiang, and Lou, Xin
- Subjects
PARKINSON'S disease ,CAUDATE nucleus ,CINGULATE cortex ,GAIT disorders ,FUNCTIONAL connectivity - Abstract
Aims: To examine whether functional connectivity (FC) of the occipital gyrus differs between patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) motor subtypes and healthy controls (HCs). Methods: We enrolled 30 PD patients exhibiting tremor dominance (TD), 43 PD patients with postural instability and gait disturbance (PIGD), and 42 HCs. The occipital gyrus was partitioned into six areas of interest, as seed points, via the Anatomical Automatic Labeling template to compare the FC of the three groups and analyze the relationship of FC with clinical scales. Results: Compared with the PIGD group, the TD group showed increased FC between the left superior occipital gyrus (SOG.L) and right median cingulate and paracingulate gyri (DCG.R)/right paracentral lobule/bilateral inferior parietal, but supramarginal and angular gyri; the left middle occipital gyrus (MOG.L) and left posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG.L); the MOG.R and SOG.L/right calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex/DCG.R/PCG.L/right cuneus; the left inferior occipital gyrus (IOG.L) and right caudate nucleus; and the IOG.R and PCG.L. Conclusion: Differentiated FC between the occipital gyrus and other brain areas within the PD motor subtypes, which may serve as neural markers to distinguish between patients with TD and PIGD PD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Metagenomic Second-Generation Sequencing Assists in Guiding the Treatment of Visceral Leishmaniasis: A Case Report.
- Author
-
Li, Jian, Liu, Li, Gao, Zhiyun, Chuai, Xia, Liu, Xiaokun, Zhang, Xiaobo, Zhang, Xinyu, Su, Xiaoqing, Xu, Qian, and Deng, Zhuojun
- Subjects
BRONCHOALVEOLAR lavage ,BONE marrow ,RESPIRATORY insufficiency ,DISEASE relapse ,CYTOLOGY ,LEISHMANIASIS - Abstract
Purpose: The incidence of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a global infectious disease, has been on the rise in China's Hebei province. When patients achieve clinical cure, they often do not reach an etiological cure, which may lead to recurrence of the disease. Here, we report a case of visceral leishmaniasis with a negative blood smear and bone marrow cytology. Patients and Methods: A 65-year-old man and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid mNGS. Results: A 65-year-old man developed a chronic fever, anorexia, splenomegaly, and pancytopenia. The blood metagenomic second-generation sequencing (mNGS) revealed Leishmania sequence readings, which led to the diagnosis of VL. After sodium antimony gluconate treatment, the blood smear and bone marrow cytology revealed no Leishmania bodies. However, pancytopenia and respiratory failure did not fully subside, and cardiotoxic damage emerged. The bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) mNGS was performed to detect the pathogen. Through BALF mNGS, Leishmania sequence was still detectable. Therefore, after the ECG returned to normal, antimony sodium gluconate was administered as a next course of treatment. Conclusion: BALF mNGS may assist in evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of VL with respiratory failure, especially in patients with negative blood and bone marrow cytology. Plain Language Summary: Accurate detection of visceral leishmaniasis is essential for clinical diagnosis.It is uncommon to use alveolar lavage fluid mNGS in etiological diagnosis.Patient with negative bone marrow cytology may refer to alveolar lavage fluid mNGS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Prognostic significance of lymphovascular space invasion in early-stage low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancer: a fifteen-year retrospective Chinese cohort study.
- Author
-
Sun, Bowen, Zhang, Xiaobo, Dong, Yangyang, Li, Xingchen, Yang, Xiao, Zhao, Lijun, Wang, Jianliu, and Cheng, Yuan
- Abstract
Objective: In 2016, the ESMO-ESGO-ESTRO consensus included LVSI (Lymph-vascular space invasion, LVSI) status as a risk stratification factor for stage I endometrioid endometrial cancer (EEC) patients and as one of the indications for adjuvant therapy. Furthermore, LVSI is included in the new FIGO staging of endometrial cancer (EC) in 2023. However, the data contribution of the Chinese population in this regard is limited. The present study aimed to further comfirm the influence of LVSI on the prognosis of early-stage low-grade EEC in a fifteen-year retrospective Chinese cohort study. Methods: This retrospective analysis cohort included 702 EEC patients who underwent TAH/BSO surgery, total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingooophorectomy in Peking University People's Hospital from 2006 to 2020. Patients were stratified based on LVSI expression status as: LVSI negative group and LVSI positive group. Clinical outcome measures related to LVSI, assessed with a univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: 702 EEC patients with stage I and grade 1–2 were analyzed. 58 patients (8.3%) were LVSI-positive and 14 patients (2.0%) was relapse. Recurrence rates in LVSI-negative and LVSI-positive were 1.6% and 6.9%, respectively. 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate in LVSI-negative and LVSI-positive were 98.4% and 93.1%, respectively. These rates for 5-year overall (OS) survival in LVSI-negative were 98.9% while it was 94.8% in LVSI-positive. Multivariate analysis showed that LVSI is an independent risk factor for 5-year DFS (HR = 4.60, p = 0.010). LVSI has a similar result for 5-year OS(HR = 4.39, p = 0.028). Conclusions: LVSI is an independent predictor of relapse and poor prognosis in early-stage low-grade endometrioid endometrial cancer in the Chinese cohort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Oncogenic LINC00698 suppresses apoptosis of melanoma stem cells to promote tumorigenesis via LINC00698-miR-3132-TCF7/hnRNPM axis.
- Author
-
Mohammed, Anas, Khan, Ahmad, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
STEM cells ,MELANOMA ,APOPTOSIS ,LINCRNA ,NEOPLASTIC cell transformation - Abstract
Melanoma progression depends on melanoma stem cells (MSCs), which are distinguished by the distinct dysregulated genes. As the key factors in the dysregulation of genes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) take great effects on MSCs. However, the underlying mechanism of lncRNAs in MSCs has not been extensively characterized. To address the roles of lncRNAs in MSCs, LINC00698 was characterized in this study. The results revealed that LINC00698 was upregulated in MSCs, showing its important role in MSCs. The further data indicated that the LINC00698 silencing triggered cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and apoptosis of MSCs. LINC00698 could directly interact with miR-3132 to upregulate the expression of TCF7, which was required for sustaining the stemness and the tumorigenic potency of MSCs. At the same time, LINC00698 could bind to the hnRNPM protein to enhance the protein stability, thus suppressing apoptosis and promoting the stemness of MSCs. Furthermore, the in vivo data demonstrated that LINC00698 was essential for tumorigenesis of MSCs via the LINC00698-miR-3132-TCF7/hnRNPM axis. Therefore, our findings contributed novel insights into the underlying mechanism of melanoma progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Oncogenic LINC00698 suppresses apoptosis of melanoma stem cells to promote tumorigenesis via LINC00698-miR-3132-TCF7/hnRNPM axis.
- Author
-
Mohammed, Anas, Khan, Ahmad, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
STEM cells ,MELANOMA ,APOPTOSIS ,LINCRNA ,NEOPLASTIC cell transformation - Abstract
Melanoma progression depends on melanoma stem cells (MSCs), which are distinguished by the distinct dysregulated genes. As the key factors in the dysregulation of genes, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) take great effects on MSCs. However, the underlying mechanism of lncRNAs in MSCs has not been extensively characterized. To address the roles of lncRNAs in MSCs, LINC00698 was characterized in this study. The results revealed that LINC00698 was upregulated in MSCs, showing its important role in MSCs. The further data indicated that the LINC00698 silencing triggered cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase and apoptosis of MSCs. LINC00698 could directly interact with miR-3132 to upregulate the expression of TCF7, which was required for sustaining the stemness and the tumorigenic potency of MSCs. At the same time, LINC00698 could bind to the hnRNPM protein to enhance the protein stability, thus suppressing apoptosis and promoting the stemness of MSCs. Furthermore, the in vivo data demonstrated that LINC00698 was essential for tumorigenesis of MSCs via the LINC00698-miR-3132-TCF7/hnRNPM axis. Therefore, our findings contributed novel insights into the underlying mechanism of melanoma progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Small and Medium Enterprises Amidst the Pandemic and Reopening: Digital Edge and Transformation.
- Author
-
Cong, Lin William, Yang, Xiaohan, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
DIGITAL transformation ,SMALL business ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,SELF-employment ,PANDEMICS ,COVID-19 pandemic ,TELECOMMUTING - Abstract
Using administrative universal business registration data as well as primary offline and online surveys of small businesses (including unregistered self-employments) in China, we examine (i) whether digitization helps small and medium enterprises (SMEs) better cope with the COVID-19 pandemic and (ii) whether the pandemic has spurred digital technology adoption. We document significant economic benefits of digitization in increasing SMEs' resilience against such a large shock, as seen through mitigated demand decline, sustainable cash flow, ability to quickly reopen, and positive outlook for growth. After the January 2020 lockdown, firm entries exhibited a V-shaped pattern, with entries of e-commerce firms experiencing a less pronounced immediate drop and a quicker rebound. Moreover, the pandemic has accelerated the digital transformation of existing firms and the industry in multiple dimensions (e.g., altering operation scope to include e-commerce, allowing remote work, and adopting electronic information systems). The effect persists more than one year after reopening, and it is more pronounced for certain sectors, firms in industrial clusters, and areas with more digital inclusion but less financial efficiency, constituting initial evidence for the long-term impact of the pandemic and the supposedly transitory mitigation policies. This paper was accepted by David Simchi-Levi, finance. Funding: This research was funded in part by the China Natural Science Foundation [Grants 71874008, 71441008, 71873121, and 72192844], Peking University, the Kauffman Foundation [Junior Fellowship], and the FinTech Chair at Paris–Dauphine University–Université Paris Sciences et Lettres. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.02424. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The Demographic Transition and Rural Industrialization in China.
- Author
-
Huang, Qing, Xie, Yu, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
DEMOGRAPHIC transition ,RURAL industries ,INDUSTRIALIZATION ,LABOR mobility ,INTERNAL migration ,SEX ratio - Abstract
The potential effect of a demographic transition on industrialization is of interest to scholars in both demography and economics. This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence that a demographic transition creates population pressure that can facilitate rural industrialization. By studying China's rapid demographic transition in the late twentieth century before massive internal labor migration took off and linking it to large regional variations in the process of rural industrialization in the wake of the country's market-oriented reforms, we find that initial local population pressure is positively associated with subsequent rural industrial development, proxied by the extensive growth in local privately and collectively owned enterprises. Population pressure was more significantly associated with rural industrialization than other demographic factors considered, such as birthrate, dependency ratio, and sex ratio at younger ages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Challenges in the treatment of pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.
- Author
-
Ding, Guodong, Zhang, Xiaobo, Vinturache, Angela, van Rossum, Annemarie M. C., Yin, Yong, and Zhang, Yongjun
- Subjects
MYCOPLASMA pneumoniae infections ,MYCOPLASMA pneumoniae ,PEDIATRIC therapy ,MACROLIDE antibiotics ,COMMUNITY-acquired pneumonia - Abstract
Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is an important cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children and young adolescents. Despite macrolide antibiotics effectiveness as a first-line therapy, persistence of fever and/or clinical deterioration sometimes may complicate treatment and may even lead to severe systemic disease. To date, there is no consensus on alternative treatment options, optimal dosage, and duration for treating severe, progressive, and systemic MP pneumonia after macrolide treatment failure. Macrolide-resistant MP pneumonia and refractory MP pneumonia are the two major complex conditions that are clinically encountered. Currently, the vast majority of MP isolates are resistant to macrolides in East Asia, especially China, whereas in Europe and North America, whereas in Europe and North America prevalence is substantially lower than in Asia, varying across countries. The severity of pneumonia and extrapulmonary presentations may reflect the intensity of the host's immune reaction or the dissemination of bacterial infection. Children infected with macrolide-resistant MP strains who receive macrolide treatment experience persistent fever with extended antibiotic therapy and minimal decrease in MP-DNA load. Alternative second-line agents such as tetracyclines (doxycycline or minocycline) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin) may lead to clinical improvement after macrolide treatment failure in children. Refractory MP pneumonia reflects a deterioration of clinical and radiological findings due to excessive immune response against the infection. Immunomodulators such as corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) have shown promising results in treatment of refractory MP pneumonia, particularly when combined with appropriate antimicrobials. Corticosteroid-resistant hyperinflammatory MP pneumonia represents a persistent or recrudescent fever despite corticosteroid therapy with intravenous methylprednisolone at standard dosage. Conclusion: This report summarizes the clinical significance of macrolide-resistant and refractory MP pneumonia and discusses the efficacy and safety of alternative drugs, with a stepwise approach to the management of MP pneumonia recommended from the viewpoint of clinical practice. What is Known: • Although MP pneumonia is usually a benign self-limited infection with response macrolides as first line therapy, severe life-threatening cases may develop if additional treatment strategies are not effectively implemented. • Macrolide-resistant and refractory MP pneumonia are two conditions that may complicate the clinical course of MP pneumonia, increasing the risk for exacerbation and even death. What is New: • This report summarizes the clinical relevance of macrolide-resistant and refractory MP pneumonia and discusses the efficacy and safety of alternative drug therapies. • A practical stepwise approach to the management of MP pneumonia is developed based on a comprehensive analysis of existing evidence and expert opinion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. It's all in the stars: The Chinese zodiac and the effects of parental investments on offspring's cognitive and noncognitive skill development.
- Author
-
Tan, Chih Ming, Wang, Xiao, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Subjects
ZODIAC ,PANEL analysis ,COGNITIVE development - Abstract
Parental investments in children's cognitive and noncognitive outcomes are deeply important to policymakers. However, because parental investments are arguably endogenous, estimating their importance empirically poses a challenge. To address this challenge, this paper exploits a rich and novel dataset, the China Family Panel Studies, and proposes a culture‐specific instrumental variable based on the Chinese zodiac. By comparing the outcomes of children born just before and just after the cutoff for a "lucky" (or 'unlucky') zodiac sign, we find that parents' investments have significant effects on offspring's development of both cognitive and noncognitive skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. A low power circuit design of BLE baseband transmission data processing module.
- Author
-
Ding, Liang, Qin, Jiansong, Zhang, Xiaobo, Zhang, Jinpeng, Yin, Changbin, and Yang, Zhihai
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Constructing and implementing a performance evaluation indicator set for artificial intelligence decision support systems in pediatric outpatient clinics: an observational study.
- Author
-
Wang, Yingwen, Fu, Weijia, Zhang, Yuejie, Wang, Daoyang, Gu, Ying, Wang, Weibing, Xu, Hong, Ge, Xiaoling, Ye, Chengjie, Fang, Jinwu, Su, Ling, Wang, Jiayu, He, Wen, Zhang, Xiaobo, and Feng, Rui
- Subjects
DECISION support systems ,ARTIFICIAL intelligence ,PEDIATRIC clinics ,LITERATURE reviews ,ANALYTIC hierarchy process ,DELPHI method ,SCIENTIFIC observation - Abstract
Artificial intelligence (AI) decision support systems in pediatric healthcare have a complex application background. As an AI decision support system (AI-DSS) can be costly, once applied, it is crucial to focus on its performance, interpret its success, and then monitor and update it to ensure ongoing success consistently. Therefore, a set of evaluation indicators was explicitly developed for AI-DSS in pediatric healthcare, enabling continuous and systematic performance monitoring. The study unfolded in two stages. The first stage encompassed establishing the evaluation indicator set through a literature review, a focus group interview, and expert consultation using the Delphi method. In the second stage, weight analysis was conducted. Subjective weights were calculated based on expert opinions through analytic hierarchy process, while objective weights were determined using the entropy weight method. Subsequently, subject and object weights were synthesized to form the combined weight. In the two rounds of expert consultation, the authority coefficients were 0.834 and 0.846, Kendall's coordination coefficient was 0.135 in Round 1 and 0.312 in Round 2. The final evaluation indicator set has three first-class indicators, fifteen second-class indicators, and forty-seven third-class indicators. Indicator I-1(Organizational performance) carries the highest weight, followed by Indicator I-2(Societal performance) and Indicator I-3(User experience performance) in the objective and combined weights. Conversely, 'Societal performance' holds the most weight among the subjective weights, followed by 'Organizational performance' and 'User experience performance'. In this study, a comprehensive and specialized set of evaluation indicators for the AI-DSS in the pediatric outpatient clinic was established, and then implemented. Continuous evaluation still requires long-term data collection to optimize the weight proportions of the established indicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Thermal‐Rectified Gradient Porous Polymeric Film for Solar‐Thermal Regulatory Cooling.
- Author
-
Wang, Yufeng, Zhang, Xiaobo, Liu, Song, Liu, Ying, Zhou, Qisen, Zhu, Tianyi, Miao, Yue‐E, Willenbacher, Norbert, Zhang, Chao, and Liu, Tianxi
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Plasma exosomes from patients with active thyroid-associated orbitopathy induce inflammation and fibrosis in orbital fibroblasts.
- Author
-
Wei, Li, Huang, Qinying, Tu, Yunhai, Song, Shihan, Zhang, Xiaobo, Yu, Bo, Liu, Yufen, Li, Ziwei, Huang, Qing, Chen, Lili, Liu, Bo, Xu, Shenglan, Li, Tong, Liu, Xiyuan, Hu, Xiaozhou, Liu, Weijie, Chi, Zai-Long, and Wu, Wencan
- Subjects
GENE expression ,RNA analysis ,NON-coding RNA ,EXOSOMES ,FIBROBLASTS ,THYROID eye disease - Abstract
Background: The pathogenesis of thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) remains incompletely understand. The interaction between immunocytes and orbital fibroblasts (OFs) play a critical role in orbital inflammatory and fibrosis. Accumulating reports indicate that a significant portion of plasma exosomes (Pla-Exos) are derived from immune cells; however, their impact upon OFs function is unclear. Methods: OFs were primary cultured from inactive TAO patients. Exosomes isolated from plasma samples of patients with active TAO and healthy controls (HCs) were utilized for functional and RNA cargo analysis. Functional analysis in thymocyte differentiation antigen-1
+ (Thy-1+ ) OFs measured expression of inflammatory and fibrotic markers (mRNAs and proteins) and cell activity in response to Pla-Exos. RNA cargo analysis was performed by RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR. Thy-1+ OFs were transfected with miR-144-3p mimics/inhibitors to evaluate its regulation of inflammation, fibrosis, and proliferation. Results: Pla-Exos derived from active TAO patients (Pla-ExosTAO−A ) induced stronger production of inflammatory cytokines and hyaluronic acid (HA) in Thy-1+ OFs while inhibiting their proliferation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis and single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) suggested that the difference in mRNA expression levels between Pla-ExosTAO−A and Pla-ExosHC was closely related to immune cells. Differential expression analysis revealed that 62 upregulated and 45 downregulated miRNAs in Pla-ExosTAO−A , with the elevation of miR-144-3p in both Pla-Exos and PBMCs in active TAO group. KEGG analysis revealed that the target genes of differentially expressed miRNA and miR-144-3p enriched in immune-related signaling pathways. Overexpression of the miR-144-3p mimic significantly upregulated the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and HA in Thy-1+ OFs while inhibiting their proliferation. Conclusion: Pla-Exos derived from patients with active TAO were immune-active, which may be a long-term stimulus casual for inflammatory and fibrotic progression of TAO. Our finding suggests that Pla-Exos could be used as biomarkers or treatment targets in TAO patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Screening of Platycodonis Radix Fractions for Antiobesity Activities and Elucidation of Its Molecular Mechanisms in High-Fat Diet-Fed C57BL/6 Mice.
- Author
-
Zhi, Nannan, Chang, Xiangwei, Wang, Xinrui, Zhang, Xiaobo, Wang, Jutao, Zha, Liangping, and Gui, Shuangying
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Research on depth control of machining trace in electrochemical trepanning.
- Author
-
Li, Zhengyin, Zhu, Dong, Zhang, Xiaobo, and Lin, Jiahao
- Abstract
Electrochemical trepanning (ECTr) is a highly effective and economic manufacturing technology for machining difficult-to-cut metal materials that are often used in aeroengine components. Integral structural components such as blisks, diffusers, etc. are composed of hubs and blades. In continuous ECTr, machining trace stems from on the hub between adjacent blades. The depth of machining trace significantly influences the surface integrity of the integrated components, even causes the scrapping of the workpiece. In order to solve the problem of machining trace in ECTr, a cathode design method based on the relation between cathode profile and electric field distribution is proposed in this study, the edge of the cathode that affects the machining trace is chamfered. A electric field model of ECTr is established and dynamic electric field simulation of ECTr for cathodes with different chamfered edges is performed. The electric field intensity distribution at the cathode edge and the forming profile of the hub are compared. The simulation results show that optimal chamfering parameters can improve the machining trace. Subsequently, a group of cathodes with different chamfered edge is designed, and corresponding ECTr experiments are conducted. The optimal chamfering parameters are determined (α = 5°, b = 2 mm), the depth of the machining trace is reduced from 0.370 mm to 0.122 mm, the surface flatness is significantly improved. Overall, this depth control method of machining trace is verified effectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Study on the Stability of Tunnel in Weak Surrounding Rock Considering Initial Support Parameters and Excavation Method.
- Author
-
Zhang, Xiaobo, Zhang, Diao, Rong, Yao, Ma, Yongli, Yao, Chi, and Sun, Yang
- Abstract
The deformation control of surrounding rock is a crucial aspect in the design and construction of tunnels that traverse weak geological formations. This study developed a three-dimensional numerical model of tunnel excavation that accounts for the hysteresis of initial support, based on a highway tunnel under construction in Ganzhou, China. The rationality of the numerical model was verified through on-site measurements, and orthogonal tests were conducted to analyze the impact of construction parameters on the deformation of surrounding rock. The research findings indicate that the pipe-roof can be divided into four longitudinal sections according to the distribution of stress state: the tension section ahead of the entrance casing arch, the compression section behind the tunnel face, the tension section ahead of the tunnel face, and the compression section at the rear end of the pipe-roof. The grouting reinforcement can restrict the generation and development of plastic zone in the arch of surrounding rocks, which reduce the vault settlement significantly. The primary and secondary order of the impact on tunnel vault settlement, side wall convergence and surface uplift are excavation method, pipe-roof grouting radius, initial support thickness, pipe-roof layout range. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Bilateral Inferior Petrosal Sinus Sampling Without Lateralization Is Less Accurate for the Diagnosis of Cushing Disease.
- Author
-
Chen, Shi, Lyu, Xiaohong, Hong, Weixin, Zhang, Dingyue, Zhang, Yuelun, Yang, Daiyu, Xu, Yijing, Shen, Zhen, Pan, Hui, Zhu, Huijuan, Zhang, Xiaobo, and Lu, Lin
- Abstract
Context During bilateral inferior petrosal sinus sampling (BIPSS), the side-to-side adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) ratio, referred to as sampling lateralization , was used to predict pituitary adenoma localization. Objective To investigate the potential different diagnostic accuracy of BIPSS for differentiating Cushing disease (CD) and ectopic ACTH secretory syndrome (EAS) patients with low lateralization (inferior petrosal sinus [IPS]:IPS ≤ 1.4) and high lateralization (IPS:IPS > 1.4). Methods This single-center retrospective study (2011-2021) included (all patients had BIPSS results and confirmed pathologic diagnoses) 220 consecutive CD patients (validation set), 30 EAS patients, and 40 of the CD patients who had digital subtraction angiography (DSA) videos (discovery set). Results In the discovery set, the low-lateralization CD group (n = 11) had a higher median plasma ACTH concentration (62.2, IQR 44.7-181.0 ng/L) than the high-lateralization CD group (n = 29) (33.0, IQR 18.5-59.5, P =.013). Lower IPS to peripheral ratios were observed in the low-lateralization group during BIPSS, both before and after stimulation (P =.013 and P =.028). The sensitivity of BIPSS before stimulation in differentiating CD from EAS was lower in the low-lateralization group than the high-lateralization group (54.6% vs 93.1%, P =.003), as validated in the validation set. DSA videos revealed higher vascular area difference visible in the 2 sides of the pituitary in low lateralization (median 1.2 × 10
5 pixels, IQR 0.5-1.8) than the high-lateralization group (0.4 × 105 pixels, IQR 0.1-0.7, P =.008). The vascular area ratio of the 2 sides was also significantly higher in low (1.55, IQR 1.31-2.20) than high lateralization (1.19, IQR 1.07-1.35, P =.010). Conclusion Our study suggested that low lateralization in CD patients may reduce the diagnostic sensitivity of BIPSS, which might be potentially associated with peripituitary vascular anatomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Antiviral Shrimp lncRNA06 Possesses Anti-Tumor Activity by Inducing Apoptosis of Human Gastric Cancer Stem Cells in a Cross-Species Manner.
- Author
-
Khan, Ahmad, Mohammed, Anas, and Zhang, Xiaobo
- Abstract
Virus infection causes the metabolic disorder of host cells, whereas the metabolic disorder of cells is one of the major causes of tumorigenesis, suggesting that antiviral molecules might possess anti-tumor activities by regulating cell metabolism. As the key regulators of gene expression, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital roles in the regulation of cell metabolism. However, the influence of antiviral lncRNAs on tumorigenesis has not been explored. To address this issue, the antiviral and anti-tumor capacities of shrimp lncRNAs were characterized in this study. The results revealed that shrimp lncRNA06, having antiviral activity in shrimp, could suppress the tumorigenesis of human gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) via triggering apoptosis of GCSCs in a cross-species manner. Shrimp lncRNA06 could sponge human miR-17-5p to suppress the stemness of GCSCs via the miR-17-5p-p21 axis. At the same time, shrimp lncRNA06 could bind to ATP synthase subunit beta (ATP5F1B) to enhance the stability of the ATP5F1B protein in GCSCs, thus suppressing the tumorigenesis of GCSCs. The in vivo data demonstrated that shrimp lncRNA06 promoted apoptosis and inhibited the stemness of GCSCs through interactions with ATP5F1B and miR-17-5p, leading to the suppression of the tumorigenesis of GCSCs. Therefore, our findings highlighted that antiviral lncRNAs possessed anti-tumor capacities and that antiviral lncRNAs could be the anti-tumor reservoir for the treatment of human cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Effect of Multistage Solution Aging Heat Treatment on Mechanical Properties and Precipitated Phase Characteristics of High-Strength Toughened 7055 Alloy.
- Author
-
Li, Qilun, Zhang, Xiaobo, Guo, Ce, and Qiao, Jisen
- Subjects
MECHANICAL heat treatment ,MECHANICAL behavior of materials ,HYDROSTATIC extrusion ,CRYSTAL grain boundaries ,ALUMINUM alloys ,RECRYSTALLIZATION (Metallurgy) ,PLASTIC extrusion - Abstract
In this paper, a one-step hot extrusion dual-stage solution treatment method is employed to fabricate high-strength and tough T-shaped complex cross-section 7055 (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr) alloy profiles, and a detailed investigation is conducted on the microstructure and mechanical properties. The results indicate that the comprehensive mechanical properties of the 7055 aluminum extruded alloy using the two-stage solution aging treatment are excellent. This is particularly evident in the balance between strength and ductility, where outstanding strength is accompanied by a plasticity that is maintained at 13.2%. During the extrusion process, the deformation textures are mainly composed of brass and copper, forming a 15.1% recrystallization texture Cube. In addition, the equilibrium phase η(MgZn
2 ) precipitated in the grain is the main strengthening phase, and there are large discontinuous grain boundary precipitates at the grain boundary, which hinders the grain boundary dislocation movement and has great influence on the mechanical properties of alloy materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Enantioselective Self‐Assembly of a Homochiral Tetrahedral Cage Comprising Only Achiral Precursors.
- Author
-
Chen, Yixin, Cao, Ze, Feng, Tinglong, Zhang, Xiaobo, Li, Zhaoyong, Dong, Xue, Huang, Shaoying, Liu, Yingchun, Cao, Xiaoyu, Sue, Andrew C.‐H., Peng, Chuanhui, Lin, Xufeng, Wang, Linjun, and Li, Hao
- Subjects
PLANAR chirality ,EXCHANGE reactions ,RACEMIZATION ,ASYMMETRIC synthesis ,TETRAHEDRA - Abstract
How Nature synthesizes enantiomerically pure substances from achiral or racemic resources remains a mystery. In this study, we aimed to emulate this natural phenomenon by constructing chiral tetrahedral cages through self‐assembly, achieved by condensing two achiral compounds–a trisamine and a trisaldehyde. The occurrence of intercomponent CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions among the phenyl building blocks within the cage frameworks results in twisted conformations, imparting planar chirality to the tetrahedrons. In instances where the trisaldehyde precursor features electron‐withdrawing ester side chains, we observed that the intermolecular CH⋅⋅⋅π forces are strong enough to prevent racemization. To attain enantioselective self‐assembly, a chiral amine was introduced during the imine formation process. The addition of three equivalents of chiral amino mediator to one equivalent of the achiral trisaldehyde precursor formed a trisimino intermediate. This chiral compound was subsequently combined with the achiral trisamino precursor, leading to an imine exchange reaction that releasing the chiral amino mediator and formation of the tetrahedral cage with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of up to 75 %, exclusively composed of achiral building blocks. This experimental observation aligns with theoretical calculations based on the free energies of related cage structures. Moreover, since the chiral amine was not consumed during the imine exchange cycle, it enabled the enantioselective self‐assembly of the tetrahedral cage for multiple cycles when new batches of the achiral trisaldehyde and trisamino precursors were successively added. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Enantioselective Self‐Assembly of a Homochiral Tetrahedral Cage Comprising Only Achiral Precursors.
- Author
-
Chen, Yixin, Cao, Ze, Feng, Tinglong, Zhang, Xiaobo, Li, Zhaoyong, Dong, Xue, Huang, Shaoying, Liu, Yingchun, Cao, Xiaoyu, Sue, Andrew C.‐H., Peng, Chuanhui, Lin, Xufeng, Wang, Linjun, and Li, Hao
- Subjects
PLANAR chirality ,EXCHANGE reactions ,RACEMIZATION ,ASYMMETRIC synthesis ,TETRAHEDRA - Abstract
How Nature synthesizes enantiomerically pure substances from achiral or racemic resources remains a mystery. In this study, we aimed to emulate this natural phenomenon by constructing chiral tetrahedral cages through self‐assembly, achieved by condensing two achiral compounds–a trisamine and a trisaldehyde. The occurrence of intercomponent CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions among the phenyl building blocks within the cage frameworks results in twisted conformations, imparting planar chirality to the tetrahedrons. In instances where the trisaldehyde precursor features electron‐withdrawing ester side chains, we observed that the intermolecular CH⋅⋅⋅π forces are strong enough to prevent racemization. To attain enantioselective self‐assembly, a chiral amine was introduced during the imine formation process. The addition of three equivalents of chiral amino mediator to one equivalent of the achiral trisaldehyde precursor formed a trisimino intermediate. This chiral compound was subsequently combined with the achiral trisamino precursor, leading to an imine exchange reaction that releasing the chiral amino mediator and formation of the tetrahedral cage with an enantiomeric excess (ee) of up to 75 %, exclusively composed of achiral building blocks. This experimental observation aligns with theoretical calculations based on the free energies of related cage structures. Moreover, since the chiral amine was not consumed during the imine exchange cycle, it enabled the enantioselective self‐assembly of the tetrahedral cage for multiple cycles when new batches of the achiral trisaldehyde and trisamino precursors were successively added. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Huanglian-Hongqu herb pair improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in mice: network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation.
- Author
-
Wang, Zheng, Qiu, Hairong, Yang, Yang, Zhang, Yueyu, Mou, Taiguo, Zhang, Xiaobo, and Zhang, Yong
- Subjects
NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease ,MOLECULAR docking ,FATTY liver ,ANIMAL experimentation ,PHARMACOLOGY - Abstract
The Huanglian-Hongqu herb pair (HH) is a carefully crafted traditional Chinese herbal compound designed to address disorders related to glucose and lipid metabolism. Its primary application lies in treating hyperlipidemia and fatty liver conditions. This study explored the potential mechanism of HH in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo animal experiments. Ultrahigh performanceliquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrapmass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed to identify the chemical composition of HH. Network pharmacology was used to analyze the related signaling pathways affected by HH. Subsequently, the prediction was verified by animal experiment. Finally, we identified 29 components within HH. Network pharmacology unveiled interactions between HH and 153 NAFLD-related targets, highlighting HH's potential to alleviate NAFLD through NF-κB signaling pathway. Molecular docking analyses illuminated the binding interactions between HH components and key regulatory proteins, including NF-κB, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1. In vivo experiments demonstrated that HH alleviated NAFLD by reducing serum and liver lipid levels, improving liver function, and lowering inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum. Moreover, HH administration downregulated mRNA and protein levels of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that HH has potential therapeutic benefits in ameliorating NAFLD by targeting the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, facilitating the broader application of HH in the field of NAFLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Huanglian-Hongqu herb pair improves nonalcoholic fatty liver disease via NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway in mice: network pharmacology, molecular docking and experimental validation.
- Author
-
Wang, Zheng, Qiu, Hairong, Yang, Yang, Zhang, Yueyu, Mou, Taiguo, Zhang, Xiaobo, and Zhang, Yong
- Subjects
NON-alcoholic fatty liver disease ,MOLECULAR docking ,FATTY liver ,ANIMAL experimentation ,PHARMACOLOGY - Abstract
The Huanglian-Hongqu herb pair (HH) is a carefully crafted traditional Chinese herbal compound designed to address disorders related to glucose and lipid metabolism. Its primary application lies in treating hyperlipidemia and fatty liver conditions. This study explored the potential mechanism of HH in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo animal experiments. Ultrahigh performanceliquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrapmass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was employed to identify the chemical composition of HH. Network pharmacology was used to analyze the related signaling pathways affected by HH. Subsequently, the prediction was verified by animal experiment. Finally, we identified 29 components within HH. Network pharmacology unveiled interactions between HH and 153 NAFLD-related targets, highlighting HH's potential to alleviate NAFLD through NF-κB signaling pathway. Molecular docking analyses illuminated the binding interactions between HH components and key regulatory proteins, including NF-κB, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1. In vivo experiments demonstrated that HH alleviated NAFLD by reducing serum and liver lipid levels, improving liver function, and lowering inflammatory cytokine levels in the serum. Moreover, HH administration downregulated mRNA and protein levels of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that HH has potential therapeutic benefits in ameliorating NAFLD by targeting the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway, facilitating the broader application of HH in the field of NAFLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.