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Superconductivity in single crystalline Mo3P has been investigated by the measurement of electrical resistivity, magnetic susceptibility, and specific heat capacity. Its space group is I 4-2 m with lattice parameters a = b = 9.808 4 Å and c = 4.838 2 Å. A bulk superconductivity with a critical temperature of TC = 5.6 ± 0.1 K, an upper critical field of = 13.7 ± 0.1 kOe, and a lower critical field of = 190 ± 2 Oe for ρab were confirmed. A large anisotropic behavior was discovered in the resistivity and upper critical fields. A clear upward curvature in Hc2 was observed, suggesting a multiband superconductivity in Mo3P. The value of the Ginzburg–Landau parameter κGL indicates that Mo3P is a type-II superconductor. ΔC(Tc)/γ Tc = 1.50 and 2Δ/kBTc = 3.48 from the specific heat analyses indicate that Mo3P is a weak-coupling Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer superconductor with fully gapped superconductivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]