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Introduction. Detarium senegalense J.F. Gmel is a forest tree found in Senegal whose fruits are locally called ditax in Wolof. It is eaten fresh but it is widely used as nectar, which is one of the most popular beverages in Senegal. However, the chemical characterization of ditax pulp remains incomplete. This paper describes the volatile compounds of ditax to assess its organoleptic qualities. Materials and methods. Free volatile compounds of fresh ditax pulp were isolated by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation and analysis by GC-MS. Results and discussion. Among the 53 compounds tentatively identified, 49 are reported for the first time in this fruit. In total, 17 aldehydes, 11 aliphatic alcohols, 1 terpene alcohol, 7 free fatty acids, 3 unsaturated hydrocarbons, 1 terpene hydrocarbon, 7 sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, 1 phenol, 2 ketones, 2 esters and 1 organic acid compound were tentatively identified in ditax fresh pulp. The main volatiles identified in fresh ditax pulp were trans, cis-2,6-nonadienal (2.47 mg×kg–1), cis-2-heptenal (1.93 mg×kg–1), trans-a-bergamotene (1.11 mg×kg–1), bicyclo [2,2,0] hexane-1-carboxaldehyde (0.80 mg×kg–1), butyl octadecanoate (0.55 mg×kg–1) and trans-2-nonenal (0.47 mg×kg–1 fresh pulp). Conclusion. Among the volatile compounds identified, aldehyde compounds were widely predominant. To assess the aromatic qualities of ditax pulp, the primary impact aromas should be determined by identifying the aroma-active compounds by GC-olfactometry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. Wines produced in cool climate regions may be competitive with wines obtained in traditional wine-producing countries. The aim of this paper was to conduct a quality analysis of the chemical composition of selected varieties of cool-climate grapes and to assess the enological parameters of wines obtained from them. Materials and methods. The chemical composition of 11 varieties of grapes as well as the basic enological parameters, profile of volatile components, and antioxidant and sensory properties of wines obtained from selected varieties were assessed. Results and discussion. The extract content of the assessed varieties of grapes varied within the range of 128.5–218.5 g×kg–1. The fruit was characterised by similar acidity but significantly heterogeneous antioxidant activity. The basic quality parameters of wines were in accordance with the EU regulations. Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content in red wines were approximately 5–7 times higher than those in white wines. In the sensory assessment the wines obtained high grades. Conclusion. Wines from the cool climate regions fulfil the EU normative requirements and are characterised by original sensory features. They may compete with products from traditional wine-producing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Whey protein concentrate (WPC) is a nutritious ingredient and has gained popularity to be used in many traditional and novel food products. It typically has a shelf-life of 9 to 18 months when stored at room temperature. Fresh manufactured WPC could have a bland or slightly dairy, whey flavor. However, recognizable off-flavor can be developed during storage and this off-flavor becomes one of the major factors limiting its application in delicate formula. To understand the off-flavor development during the storage, WPC 80 and Instantized WPC 80 samples were stored at 35, 40 and 45 °C for a period of 15 weeks. Selected volatile compounds including dimethyl disulfide, pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, 2-heptanol, 2-octanone, octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 1-nonanol and 2-nonanol were analyzed using headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography. The results showed that the concentrations of most of these compounds considerably increased during storage, especially when stored at 45 °C. Instantized WPC showed higher lipid oxidation compounds than regular WPC while removal of oxygen reduced their formation. Le concentré de protéines de lactosérum (CPL) est un ingrédient nutritif de plus en plus utilisé dans de nombreux produits alimentaires traditionnels ou nouveaux. Conservé à température ambiante, il a une durée de vie de 9 à 18 mois. Juste après fabrication, le CPL a une flaveur fade ou légèrement laitière de lactosérum. Cependant des défauts de flaveur peuvent se développer au cours du stockage et devenir un facteur limitant majeur pour son utilisation ultérieure dans des formules délicates. Pour comprendre le développement de défauts de flaveur au cours du stockage, des échantillons de CPL 80 et de poudre de CPL 80 (poudre sous atmosphère d'oxygène ou non), ont été stockés à 35, 40 et 45 °C sur une période de 15 semaines. Des composés volatils sélectionnés (disulfure de diméthyl, pentanal, hexanal, heptanal, 2-heptanol, 2-octanone, octanol, 1-octen-3-ol, 1-nonanol et 2-nonanol) ont été analysés par chromatographie en phase gazeuse après microextraction en phase solide. Les résultats ont montré que les concentrations de la plupart de ces composés augmentaient au cours du stockage, surtout à 45 °C. Il se formait plus de composés d'oxydation des lipides dans les poudres de CPL que dans le CPL, cependant plus faiblement en l'absence d'oxygène. (WPC) 9-18 WPC 80 WPC 80 35 40 45 °C 15 2 2 1- -3- 1- 2-45 °C [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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