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This article introduces DisTrack, a methodology and a tool developed for tracking and analyzing misinformation within online social networks (OSNs). DisTrack is designed to combat the spread of misinformation through a combination of natural language processing (NLP) social network analysis (SNA) and graph visualization. The primary goal is to detect misinformation, track its propagation, identify its sources, and assess the influence of various actors within the network. DisTrack’s architecture incorporates a variety of methodologies including keyword search, semantic similarity assessments, and graph generation techniques. These methods collectively facilitate the monitoring of misinformation, the categorization of content based on alignment with known false claims, and the visualization of dissemination cascades through detailed graphs. The tool is tailored to capture and analyze the dynamic nature of misinformation spread in digital environments. The effectiveness of DisTrack is demonstrated through three case studies focused on different themes: discredit/hate speech, anti-vaccine misinformation, and false narratives about the Russia-Ukraine conflict. These studies show DisTrack’s capabilities in distinguishing posts that propagate falsehoods from those that counteract them, and tracing the evolution of misinformation from its inception. The research confirms that DisTrack is a valuable tool in the field of misinformation analysis. It effectively distinguishes between different types of misinformation and traces their development over time. By providing a comprehensive approach to understanding and combating misinformation in digital spaces, DisTrack proves to be an essential asset for researchers and practitioners working to mitigate the impact of false information in online social environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces DisTrack, a methodology and a tool developed for tracking and analyzing misinformation within online social networks (OSNs). DisTrack is designed to combat the spread of misinformation through a combination of natural language processing (NLP) social network analysis (SNA) and graph visualization. The primary goal is to detect misinformation, track its propagation, identify its sources, and assess the influence of various actors within the network. DisTrack’s architecture incorporates a variety of methodologies including keyword search, semantic similarity assessments, and graph generation techniques. These methods collectively facilitate the monitoring of misinformation, the categorization of content based on alignment with known false claims, and the visualization of dissemination cascades through detailed graphs. The tool is tailored to capture and analyze the dynamic nature of misinformation spread in digital environments. The effectiveness of DisTrack is demonstrated through three case studies focused on different themes: discredit/hate speech, anti-vaccine misinformation, and false narratives about the Russia-Ukraine conflict. These studies show DisTrack’s capabilities in distinguishing posts that propagate falsehoods from those that counteract them, and tracing the evolution of misinformation from its inception. The research confirms that DisTrack is a valuable tool in the field of misinformation analysis. It effectively distinguishes between different types of misinformation and traces their development over time. By providing a comprehensive approach to understanding and combating misinformation in digital spaces, DisTrack proves to be an essential asset for researchers and practitioners working to mitigate the impact of false information in online social environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to explore the impact of cultural shock experienced by Santri while interacting with social media in the Pondok Pesantren environment to understand the crucial implications of media literacy in countering hoaxes. The underlying theoretical framework for this study encompasses cultural shock theory and the concept of media literacy. The research methodology employed is the content analysis approach, which will delve into cultural shock experiences among Santri, identify common themes of hoaxes, and assess their impact on the Santri community. The findings of this research reveal that Santri are becoming increasingly aware of how cultural shock influences their level of media literacy, as well as the mechanisms of hoax dissemination. Furthermore, the Santri develop media literacy strategies to combat hoaxes and strive to find solutions to mitigate the negative consequences resulting from the challenges of filtering information acquired through social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat is the property of Universitas Airlangga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the current global era, the development of technology and information is very rapid, so it is very easy to get information/news from the internet. Because of the ease of getting this information, there is a lot of circulating fake news (hoaxes), the news is not filtered so anyone can spread news that is not clear in content. This can lower a person's credibility in the professional world, cause division, threaten physical and mental health, and can also result in material losses. Based on this, to stop the spread of hoaxes is to detect them as early as possible and block them. This detection can use deep learning methods which are also one of the architectures of transformers, namely a combination of BERTopic which is used to find important words from the news narrative, then the words are combined into the narrative and classified using Indo Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformer (IndoBERT). For experiments, the author uses a dataset taken from the kaggle.com website entitled Indonesia False News (HOAX) dataset. This study uses a learning rate of 1e-5, a batch size of 16 and using 5 epochs so that the f1-Score results are 92% for validation data and 91% for testing data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hoaxes and misinformation have become a serious problem in modern society, especially with the rapid development of information technology and social media. The spread of false information can cause great harm, both individually and socially, such as damaging reputation, causing panic, and disrupting social and political stability. This study aims to analyze the role of information technology in combating hoaxes and misinformation. This research uses qualitative research methods. The data collection technique in this research is a literature study. The data that has been collected is then analyzed in three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that information technology has an important role in combating hoaxes and misinformation. Social media platforms and technology companies can use various ways to combat hoaxes and misinformation, such as developing algorithms, verifying facts, working with factchecking organizations, and providing education to users. However, it is important to remember that information technology is not the sole solution to combat hoaxes and misinformation. Joint efforts from various parties, such as the government, civil society, and academia, are needed to improve digital literacy and build a healthy information culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurnal Locus: Penelitian dan Pengabdian is the property of Riviera Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In accordance with the provisions of Article 22E of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia Year 1945, Indonesia held a democracy to elect a leader or president, commonly called an election. In its implementation, the 2019 election was very controversial due to the many hoax news circulating. It was found from several sources that this hoax is very extreme and has the process of running the people's Democratic Party both from the elements of dropping the good name of a person and institution, as well as news provocation against the election organizing body itself. Objective of this study is to build digital information literacy ahead of the 2024 general election through Instagram. The research method used in this research is development research with a 4D research model (Define, Design, Development, Disseminate). The results of this research are 1) Penabuta-24 as an Instagram platform to build digital information literacy to explain the 2024 general election and counteract disinformation; 2) The content presented in Penabuta-24 are digital information literacy campaigns, periodic educational content, live sessions or webinars, collaboration with trusted news accounts, contests or competitions, using hashtags and labels, monitoring and reports, collaboration with government and social organizations, and self-assessment and evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There have been many victims of the circulation of hoaxes about the Covid-19 vaccine, especially for people with low literacy capacity. The impact is the community's non-compliance to carry out vaccinations. Thus, this research was carried out with the aim of knowing how the role and process of managing Twitter social media belonging to the Ministry of Communications and Informatics are through published content in order to stem hoaxes about the Covid-19 vaccine. This research was carried out using a qualitative descriptive method with the help of the Nvivo 12 Plus software application and utilizing the Ncapture feature, which is considered effective in helping qualitative research efficiently. This study reveals that the Indonesian government actively uses Twitter as a means of communication to control the spread of hoaxes about the Covid-19 vaccine, which is indicated by the high intensity of postings, actor involvement and relations, narratives, and education related to information and disinformation about the Covid-19 vaccine. This research contributes to the hoax handling strategy through social media that can be implemented through government policies and programs. In addition, this study also illustrates that the study of communication about hoaxes on social media can be carried out systematically through the use of social media data with analysis using content analysis applications such as NVivo 12 Plus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hoaxes and disinformation remain significant challenges for Indonesians in this era of information proliferation. A staggering number of approximately 2,093 hoaxes circulate within the society each year, averaging around 175 hoaxes per month. Recognizing the urgency, the government has taken a proactive stance in the battle against disinformation, hoaxes, and hate speeches within society. Operating under the East Java Department of Communication and Information, they have established an information verification platform accessible at https://klinikhoaks.jatimprov.go.id/. This platform empowers individuals to actively ask for verification of the information they encounter through social media or other online sources. On a monthly basis, the team engages in the verification of a minimum of fifty pieces of information. These items originate from public requests and the team's independent searches across various publicly accessible information channels. The information being examined covers a wide range of aspects, including the specific problem at hand, information based on region, the categorical classification of the data, and the sources of dissemination media. Due to its inherent diversity, this study aims to comprehensively represent the verified information submissions on the website https://klinikhoaks.jatimprov.go.id/. It employs Krippendorff's content analysis framework; the research endeavours to cartographically delineate information categories, issue typologies, and media origins. The research population comprises a total of 331 information, simultaneously serving as the research sample. These data points encapsulate the entire information meticulously authenticated by East Java Department of Communication and Information, spanning the temporal interval from February to August 2023. Derived from the findings of this study, it becomes evident that the prevailing information disseminated within the society pertains predominantly to public figures, political matters, government affairs, and fraudulent activities. Concurrently, regarding information dissemination media, TikTok has emerged as a nascent source. However, platforms such as YouTube, WhatsApp, and Facebook are conduits for the most contentious information dissemination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital transformation has many implications for society, not only positive, but also negative. Various crimes in the cyber world, including hoaxes and infodemics, are something that cannot be avoided. During the Covid-19 pandemic, the rise of hoax and infodemic news made the handling of Covid-19 in Indonesia more complex. Many people are victims of hoaxes which in the end take action against government policies related to Covid-19, such as reluctance to comply with health protocols and rejection of vaccination programs. This research contributes to studying the challenges of digital transformation in Indonesia, especially during the past Covid-19 pandemic. The research method used in this paper is a case study. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews from Ministry of Communication and Information Technology, literature studies, both from books, journals and scientific articles. The results of this study indicate that digital transformation has encouraged the growth of hoaxes and infodemics which have hampered efforts to deal with Covid-19. The Indonesian government needs to take structured actions in dealing with this hoax and infodemic, and make regulations to optimize the digital transformation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main challenge of today's society is the massive use of digital media, providing benefits for its users and the potential for various problems to arise. The lack of digital literacy skills in using hardware and software causes the use of digital media that is not optimal, causing violations of citizens' digital rights. Low ethics in using digital media can create a digital space that contains much harmful content. Weak digital security has the potential to cause leakage of personal data and digital fraud. The purpose of the study was to use correlational research methods to find the educational impact of hoax content carried out by Jabarsaberhoaks through Instagram in increasing digital literacy. The study population were Instagram followers @jabarsaberhoaks, with a sample of 400 people. The results showed that the "Jabar Saber Hoaks" strategy in monitoring the spread of fake news on social media uses active and passive monitoring. Education to the public in minimizing the space of fake news on social media was carried out using digital literacy for all components of the society. The intensity of accessibility and the technique of presenting hoax educational content on Instagram @jabarsaberhoaks has no impact on people's digital literacy skills. Meanwhile, how hoax educational content is delivered on Instagram @jabarsaberhoaks, affects people's digital literacy skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Starting from May 2022, a growing number of monkeypox cases have been identified in several countries in Europe and the United States. To date, information on social reaction to the news circulating about monkeypox is limited. Assessing psychological and social elements related to the tendency to misinterpret monkeypox information is urgent and useful in setting up tailored education and prevention programs for specific populations. The present study aims to explore the association of selected psychological and social variables to monkeypox attitudes as fake news. Methods: Three hundred and thirty-three participants (212 women, 110 men, and 11 other genders) from the general Italian population completed nine self-report measures. Results: Results showed that people that were more likely to believe that monkeypox was a hoax were: older, heterosexual, politically conservative, and more religious. Moreoverm they were more likely to show more negative attitudes toward gay men, higher levels of sexual moralism, less knowledge and fear about monkeypox, no previous infections of COVID-19, lower number of COVID-19 vaccine doses, and being closer to no-vax theories. On the psychological side, participants that were more likely to believe that the monkeypox was a hoax were associated with lower levels of epistemic trust and order traits, with higher levels of epistemic mistrust, close-mindedness, and ability to process emotions. A full mediation model which explores the relationships between the main variables related to fake news attitudes toward monkeypox was tested, reporting good fit indices. Conclusion: Results from the current study could be helpful to improve the effectiveness of health communication, design targeted education, and support people to engage in healthier behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hoax, improvised explosive devices, responder safety, time to medical intervention, EOD explosive ordinance disposal IED improvised explosive devices Keywords: hoax; improvised explosive devices; responder safety; time to medical intervention; EOD explosive ordinance disposal IED improvised explosive devices EN hoax improvised explosive devices responder safety time to medical intervention EOD explosive ordinance disposal IED improvised explosive devices 693 695 3 10/05/23 20231001 NES 231001 Introduction Several recent high-profile attacks around the world have involved the tactical deployment of hoax improvised explosive devices (IEDs) by terror groups. Terrorist Motivation Terrorists may be motivated to use hoax IEDs for a range of reasons and the academic literature in this area is limited. Photographs of Hoax Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) from the (A) Fishmongers Hall and (B) Streatham Common Attacks. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Revista de Comunicaciôn y Salud is the property of Instituto Internacional de Comunicacion y Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dharmakarya: Jurnal Aplikasi Ipteks Untuk Masyarakat is the property of Dharmakarya Jurnal Aplikasi Ipteks Untuk Masyarakat and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Cybercrime is a crime committed using equipment connected to the internet. One of the cybercrimes that occured during the COVID-19 pandemic was the spread hoaxes about the Covid-19 vaccine which caused panic in society. Signal Messenger is one of the social media that has become a trending topic since the number of personal data security issues and the emergence of end-to-end encryption features. This research aims to find digital evidence on Signal Messenger application installed on the perpetrator's Android smartphone. This research uses Belkasoft, Magnet AXIOM, and MOBILedit Forensic Express tools and implements the Digital Forensics Research Workshop (DFRWS) framework in each stage of the research experiment. The research was carried out according to the case scenario with 11 predetermined parameters. Digital evidence is found from the Signal Messenger application: application information, account information, chat, pictures, videos, contacts, and stickers. The results of this research indicate that Belkasoft Evidence Center forensic tool is better, with an accuracy rate of 78.69%, while Magnet AXIOM is 26.23% and MOBILedit Forensic Express is 9.84%. The results of this research can be used as a reference for other forensic researchers/experts in handling similar crime cases on the Signal Messenger application to get better results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mark Twain's early literary experimentation in the West gave rise to his most recognizable narrative voices, tropes, and techniques—including expressions of anger. These newspaper endeavors featured and were fundamentally shaped by invective, especially the insult, a robust and flexible form of verbal abuse. Twain used insults to establish his literary superiority, demonstrate or reinforce his various group identities, and contest his place within social and professional in-group hierarchies. This article constructs a framework for Twain's rhetoric of insults in his western newspaper contributions prior to his 1866 trip to the Hawaiian Islands, focusing on insults in three contexts: the rivalry, the hoax, and the honor contest. It analyzes the multiple rhetorical dimensions of Twain's varied forms of mock and malicious insults (including vehicle, intensity, and invective loci) and traces the social bonds created or affected by his insults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Syntax Transformation is the property of Ridwan Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim. During the pandemic situation of Covid-19, various true or false information about the spread, treatment, prevention, and vaccination against Covid-19 began to spread in the media, as well as in the real world. It is necessary to fight against various hoaxes on the basis of modern and especially scientifically documented information. Method. This study addresses human rights and change in society before and during the Covid-19 pandemic situation. The authors of the study worked with specific texts and with the help of literary and textual analysis, as well as analytical and synthetic methods. Basic human rights and freedoms during the pandemic were pointed out, together with various myths which circulate among non-professional individuals. Results. The results of the study confirm that the pandemic situation of Covid-19 requires constant explanation, exploration, and confirmation of professional and scientific studies by experts in the media as well as within the social life of people, just to reject various hypotheses of people who are not experts in the field and who disseminate false and scientifically and technically unsubstantiated information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

False information, as well as the actors who spread it, have the power to promote negative narratives about society and discredit the work of serious media, non-governmental organizations, etc. Concerns are growing around the world that international NGOs and civil society organizations are vulnerable to online attacks and disinformation campaigns. These attacks are aimed at instilling fear and confusion, stigmatizing civil society, disparaging targeted organizations and their leaders, or promoting inaccurate views. The deliberately misleading nature of false information can make it difficult to study and analyze this issue. After studying the available professional sources, we can state that most of the studies carried out so far focus on three aspects, namely (1) identification of forms of false information and false content, (2) causes and dynamics of their spread, especially on social networks, and (3) impact to public opinion. An objective of this article was to characterize and clarify all three aspects, while we have tried to apply them to a specific case in the second part of the paper, specifically Russian-Ukrainian war. The main cause, or the motive of the primary creators of disinformation is to cause chaos in society and undermine trust in the state, which is directly related to inciting hatred and distrust towards state institutions. Disinformation has become a hybrid tool as a form of attack on the interests of every democratic state and the security of its citizens. Foreign powers often try to spread their narratives through their own or friendly media, or fictitiously independent activists, while they often communicate differently internally within their own state. Based on our findings, coordination with three key players is crucial in the fight against disinformation: technology companies, civil society and fact-checkers and academic institutions. In addition, strategic communication is one of the key tools in the fight against disinformation and requires a broad approach. Disinformation campaigns are often not limited to spreading fake news, but often focus on building a damaging narrative. This implies a close relationship between the fight against disinformation and strategic communication, public diplomacy and digital communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios sobre el Mensaje Periodistico is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study covers the issue of information dissemination. Along with recognising this topic in the social epistemology framework, the authors aim to identify and analyse the circumstances and significant factors that determine it in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. They uncover certain risks in terms of achieving the very objectives of disseminating information via the media. In the first part, the authors outline the process’s essence and nature, but also its social value in the current pandemic situation. They make a particular reference to the role of journalism, or rather journalists in their specific professional and personal circumstances (broader and global communication ecology that concerns the pandemic with a direct news cycle, or social media and layman media practices and, for example, also the financing issues or insecurity of the profession, economic conditions, etc.). In the second part, they identify the determining factors influencing media coverage – its technological context – space and time, but also ethical and noetic factors related to journalists. They draw attention to relations and interactions that shape the specific character of media-disseminated information and bring risks (‘information explosion’ in society, including “(dis)infodemic”, the professional noetic crisis in connection with the crisis of relevant concepts in journalism and the quality of journalists’ work, but also the ethical crisis in the context of non-ethical interests and relations in the media (ideological, political, economic), journalists’ personal moral failures and their own neglect of epistemic (cognitive) training in the context of professional practice, etc.) for the public, concerning its aim to contribute to the reduction of social uncertainty, fear, risk of fear and panic, or to the correct and ethical judgement and action of the public at the time of the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cahiers Victoriens & Edouardiens is the property of Presses Universitaires de la Mediterranee and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat is the property of Universitas Airlangga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2018, Lindsay, Boghossian, and Pluckrose published four "hoax" articles within a number of disciplines that rely on critical theory (e.g., gender studies, feminism). When revealing the project, the authors argued that they wanted to expose these fields as being primarily motivated by ideology and social justice rather than knowledge generation. Their method tested the hypothesis that editors and reviewers will support papers that advocate "ludicrous" ideas including "fat bodybuilding." In the pages of this journal, I presented a critique of their procedure, and the authors have provided a commentary on my article. After discussing the issue of whether their project was a hoax or not, I will argue that the crux of the matter is whether the papers were ludicrous/absurd. I will show how the authors made a fundamental error in their method; they failed to assess whether their ideas were indeed ludicrous/absurd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fake news is seen as creating a parallel reality by the media. The spread of fake news is associated with the worldview transformation of society, where truth has ceased to be a harmonious whole. Fake news in the context of an alternative reality presupposes unconditional faith in the information presented to people, which is typical for games. The authors of this study came to the conclusion that the playful nature of fake news explains the accompanying phenomena of this issue: the non-critical perception of information, the unwillingness of the media to suppress fake news, and the involvement of a large number of people in this process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From 2018-2019, the spectre of Momo haunted the internet. Momo is depicted as a gaunt Japanese woman with long black hair, an enlarged mouth, and bulbous, haunting eyes. Allegedly, Momo responds to those who text her phone with violent imagery and explicit threats. She also encourages children to self-harm and shows them triggering images of gore, sometimes interspersed amidst innocent cartoons. Of course, Momo is not real and no one has hurt themselves in response to her 'challenges'. From the start, Momo was very clearly a novel urban legend whose influence was magnified in the popular press and by their deeply-held suspicion of internet predators, peer pressure, and an online world in which technology makes any kind of sinister attack possible. Momo is thus an important case study in establishing the recent history of online demon fear, which feeds into broader trends surrounding 'Satanic panic' gateways into the occult. This article positions Momo as the latest manifestation of a fear that children are especially susceptible to evil, and that parents must remain vigilant to the corrupting forces of the demonic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term ‘digital literacy’ encompasses many skills, which include the ability to evaluate information received through digital technologies, such as internet platforms, social media and mobile devices. Due to the fast spreading of hoax news through digital platforms in this post-truth era, it is urgently needed for this particular skill to be taught in educational settings, and English as a foreign language (EFL) classes are no exception. This study focused on exploring adult EFL students’ experiences in using two fact-checking applications (web-based apps) to help identify fake news in reading comprehension classes, and examining their efficacies from the students’ points of view. Employing a descriptive statistics approach, the researchers collected the data using an online survey administered to 130 students of a Science and Technology study programme at a university in Medan, Indonesia. The results indicated that in general students had positive attitudes toward the use of two fact-checking web-based apps. Specifically, they reported that the apps were very helpful in raising their awareness of digital literacy and fact-checking prior to reading and sharing digitally spread news. A closer look at the data reveals students’ preferences toward one of the two web-based apps. This study recommends the integration of anti-hoax education not only in EFL classes, but also in any other classes to prevent the threats of fake news, particularly to young generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, high media visibility was reached by an experiment that involved "hoaxlike deception" of journals within humanities and social sciences. Its aim was to provide evidence of "inadequate" quality standards especially within gender studies. The article discusses the project in the context of both previous systematic studies of peer reviewing and scientific hoaxes and analyzes its possible empirical outcomes. Despite claims to the contrary, the highly political, both ethically and methodologically flawed "experiment" failed to provide the evidence it sought. The experiences can be summed up as follows: (1) journals with higher impact factors were more likely to reject papers submitted as part of the project; (2) the chances were better, if the manuscript was allegedly based on empirical data; (3) peer reviews can be an important asset in the process of revising a manuscript; and (4) when the project authors, with academic education from neighboring disciplines, closely followed the reviewers' advice, they were able to learn relatively quickly what is needed for writing an acceptable article. The boundary between a seriously written paper and a "hoax" gradually became blurred. Finally (5), the way the project ended showed that in the long run, the scientific community will uncover fraudulent practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hoaxes keep existing during this COVID-19 pandemic. They are indicated to be capable of heightening anxiety levels. Current works of literature about hoax-health impacts during the COVID-19 pandemic are still limited. Millennial, young generations, who are attached to the Internet technology, has the highest anxiety level. Millennial women or moms are already familiar with gadgets. They are surely exposed to hoaxes during this pandemic. Moms are the center of family defense. COVID-19 hoax influences these millennial moms’ mental health. Therefore, it is important to be studied because it contributes to mental health literature during this pandemic. This research applied a qualitative method. The data were taken from an online survey and processed by thematic analysis techniques. The findings showed that the greatest impacts of COVID-19 hoaxes on moms’ mental health were health-institutional distrust and apparatus-government distrust. Thus, it led to a lack of cooperation to promote the protocol and influenced the COVID-19 pandemic preventive efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Megatrends & Media is the property of University of SS. Cyril & Methodius in Trnava, Faculty of Mass Media Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Demands on the current journalists working especially in the online environment are still growing. Their task is no longer only to provide verified information, but also to draw attention to possible disinfectants of various kinds. This method of detecting misstatements is called debunking. The authors of the paper made a research on 5 of 10 of the most read online Slovak portals: TVNoviny.sk, hnonline.sk, DenníkN.sk, Dnes24.sk and Startitup.sk. They followed how do the authors of debunking texts alert their readers to widespread lies. They evaluated their empirical findings and compared them with the findings published in the theoretical part of the article - with the opinions of psychologists on the optimal construction of journalistic texts, in those their authors try to warn the readers to untruths those were spread usually on social networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present our comparative statistical-linguistic analyses both on the Voynich manuscript and on the magical Tables of Liber Loagaeth created by Dr. John Dee and his scryer Edward Kelly. The intriguing, multilateral statistical matches render the investigated sections of these two documents into the same linguistic universality class. This suggests that most likely the Voynich manuscript carries no rationally comprehensible content, offering also a plausible explanation why the ciphertext was unbreakable so far. These inferences together with its fantastic, yet contemporary credible illustrations render the Voynich manuscript most likely an elaborate hoax. Furthermore, our multi-disciplinary investigations point toward Dr. John Dee's possible involvement with the creation of the Voynich manuscript, possibly relying on the medieval character set of Roger Bacon's manuscripts which he vastly possessed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Icono 14 is the property of Grupo Icono 14 and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This research explores the consequences of online conformity in terms of how people respond to fake news. The study aims to see whether the readers of the misinformation are more inclined (a) to have a negative or positive opinion of fake news; (b) to support or oppose the fake news story by targeting the story itself or its author; and (c) spread a fake news story through social media. This study was conducted within a four-month period. The study employed an experimental research design, applying an inter-subject experimental design for three treatment groups. One group was exposed to a fake social media news post that was supported by positive comments from other users. The second group was shown the same fake social media news post, but this time, the comments with it exposed it as fake news. The third group was again shown the same post, but this time with comments that critically attacked both the fake news and its poster for promoting it. A total of 60 respondents were systematically sampled from 180 population, determined based on Rao soft (p=00.5), and a response distribution of 50%. Attitudes to the fake news story were assessed using three elements on a five-point Liker scale. The gathered data were analyzed using SPSS version 25.0. Results show that there was a greater tendency to intend to spread a fake news item when it is accompanied with comments that support the news article compared with comments that are critical of the content and optionally its author. Moreover, the research suggests that warnings from organizations about inaccurate news may not change people's attitudes or reduce their willingness to spread a piece of fake news as powerfully as reading the critical comments of other consumers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated whether increased technological affordances, characterized by the rise of social media, diversified communication in climate change discourse. Extending the literature of intermedia agenda setting, this study examined agenda and frame contagion across Twitter and online news media. Using a large dataset of media content about climate change, time-series analysis showed that news media played a major role in setting agendas and frames, but Twitter has increased its dominance in climate change discussions. The findings address both opportunities for strategic science communication and challenges resulting from unverified scientific claims (e.g., hoax frames) spread on social media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A salient tactic used in online communication about anthropogenic climate change is to accuse the opposite side of being untruthful. This hoax discourse identifies one side as deniers of scientific facts and the other side as manufacturing false alarm. We study the hoax discourse on climate change in the English-speaking blogosphere as a disruptive discursive practice. The study uses automated, qualitative, and quantitative content analysis as well as network analysis to identify the main patterns of the hoax discourse, drawing on a sample of almost 50,000 blog posts related to climate change published online for one year, from May 14, 2016, to May 14, 2017. The study shows that hoax discourses are a salient feature of online debates. They engage both mainstream voices and contrarians in mutual accusations. Accusations of untruthfulness are rarely voiced in a way that identifies concrete lies and liars; instead, they form part of broad attacks designed to vilify the other group. The discourse does not directly address the other side of the debate. It does not constitute a deliberation, but rather serves to affirm one's social group identity and exacerbate mutual group polarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Recent studies indicate that the rise of internet-based new media has altered the spiritual and religious experiences of individuals who are active on the internet (netizens), particularly those belonging to the millennial generation. This article explores various concepts on the relations between new media, netizens, spirituality, and religion. Specifically, it discusses and describes the activities of netizens in Indonesia in the era of new media and the varying tendencies of changes that ensue. This article also explains that religious spirituality in the era of new media in Indonesia has been marked by hoaxes and hate speech in the religious sector. The variety of hoaxes and hate speech found in the field of religion have subsequently spread to numerous social media channels. The context of this study will consequently have implications regarding the reduction of religious authority. Additionally, it may also imply the diminishing interest of people in spirituality and spiritualists. This is due to the fact that in the current era of new media, spirituality, and spiritualists can be openly debated, tested, and disputed by netizens from the millennial generation. Additionally, religious spiritual practices can also be ridiculed, discredited, harassed, and even hated. Within the millennial generation, in today's era of new media, religious spirituality has become more raucous and obscure due to the aggressive nature of netizens' activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a man who left such an indelible mark on world literature, Shakespeare left precious few traces of himself: no correspondence, no manuscripts of any of his thirty-some plays or 154 sonnets, no notes to actors, books of accounts, or even shopping lists. This deficit of genuine Shakespeare has long inspired fakes and forgeries. The most brazen perpetrator of all was William-Henry Ireland, an English teenager who lived at the turn of the nineteenth century and made his name by counterfeiting the Bard. Why would a teenager fake Shakespeare? How was he able to perpetrate this hoax for a year and half, hoodwinking much of Shakespeare-loving London?. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

British governments connived with Rhodesian settlers to transform their 'protected' Central African wards into junior 'partners' of whites in an attempt to solve a series of Africa-wide problems that threatened sustainable colonial rule. Multiracial 'partnership' was a ruse to divert African self-rule initiatives and to concoct a compromise that would preserve white dominance. The genesis of the federation movement in central Africa is well-known, but not the precise invention of 'partnership'. Without 'partnership' there would have been no Federation and, conceivably, different triumphs of African nationalism. This article examines the intellectual odyssey that resulted in the articulation of the idea of multiracial 'partnership'; the role of the Colonial Office, governors, particular churchmen and the Capricorn Africa Society in promoting 'partnership'; how cynicism and sleight of hand came to dominate the official imperial debate over African rights; the profound rejection of these initiatives by Africans; the immediate and lasting consequences in Central Africa of 'partnership'; and what the failed foisting of 'partnership' upon wards of the Crown tells us about the underlying ethics of colonialism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reflects upon the state of the philosophical profession vis‐à‐vis a close reading of the hoax perpetrated against the International Journal of Badiou Studies in 2016. This hoax is not a subversive act of disciplinary criticism (as the hoaxers contend). Rather, it is a poorly disguised attempt to enforce a partisan and myopic conception of philosophy and to delegitimize an entire subfield of philosophical production—namely, continental philosophy. The hoax is symptomatic of a deeper problem that plagues the profession today: the willingness exhibited by many philosophers to police the boundaries of the discipline by engaging in what we call "acts of force." The prevalence of acts of force demonstrates that professional philosophy is shaped not only by the giving and taking of reasons but also by shopworn disciplinary tribalisms (for example, continental versus analytic) and asymmetrical power relations involving agents with unequal amounts of social, professional, and philosophical capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, there are crucial issues in the modern society that gain information on the internet. Spreading the news very easily but can lead to very difficult to filtering the information. The flow of information that provides broad benefits to society, can even enter into the psychology and social for the integrity of the Nation. Information that is easily obtained is extremely dangerous in terms of validity and is not uncommonly a hoax. The dataset that used in this research was gained from news website detik.com and turnbackhoax.id. in this research will provide the comparing of two methods there are Naïve Bayes Classifier (NBC) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) with Radial Basis Function. This research using the Term Frequency - Inverse Document Frequency Weighting (TF-IDFW) that separated each word to make it easy to analyze the text classification. The results obtained for accuracy NBC with training data of 1.480 and test data of 369 is 85.09% and for SVM obtained an accuracy of 83.74%. In addition, the merging of information with text mining, the keyword for the news category is "Price", followed by "KPK", "Stock", "Indonesia", "DPR", and "Police". For the hoax category, the most words are the word "Price", followed by "KPK", "Stock", "Indonesia", "DPR", and "Police". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]