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Copyright of Paint & Coatings Industry (0253-4312) is the property of Paint & Coatings Industry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Hollow cylindrical components of longer length are a crucial necessity in industries catering to products like gun barrels, cylinder liners of ship and locomotive engines, pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders, etc. A highly finished inner surface improves resistance to corrosion, wear, and friction. Conventional magnetorheological (MR) finishing techniques typically use axis-based CNC setups, which are limited in their ability to finish longer components (>30 cm) due to the Z-axis tool restriction. In this work, a novel MR finishing method has been designed and developed that is based on the pneumatic cylinder and has extremely high reach for the length of the hollow cylindrical workpiece thereby successfully mitigating the limitation of conventional CNC-based MR finishing techniques. Using mild steel as the material, the new technique achieved a significant reduction in surface roughness, with a minimum average roughness of 0.059 µm after 150 minutes of finishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to identify aspects of how work-life interaction has changed in the post-pandemic situations and propose strategies of the security concept for living-working patterns in the post-pandemic interior as future disease prevention. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted a systematic literature search and review to select previous research systematically and relate concepts by coding the data and synthesising the data critically. The systematic literature search and review considered 90 papers (35 were studied). Findings: The findings identify three strategies: hybrid activity patterns, new layout for hybrid and changing behaviour and culture. Each strategy demonstrates the connection between the hybrid living-working interior spaces in the post-pandemic period and security-pandemic variables. The results on security design factors focused on interior control, detection and deterrence; connection to nature creates a safer environment to prevent further variables; and hybrid activity requires more elements to govern users' behaviour and culture. Research limitations/implications: Limitations of this study are as follows: excluded papers that are not written in English/Bahasa or do not have gold/green open access; some aspects were not discussed (such as social distancing); the articles included in this review are up to April 2023 (and there is the possibility of recent papers). Future studies can be developed to update building certification for post-pandemic interiors or research with psychological, social equity or family vitality issues. Originality/value: The study offers strategies and the holistic relationship between the post-pandemic concept and security-pandemic design variables within the built environment, especially in the users' culture and behaviour context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Syntax Literate is the property of Ridwan Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We study the long-term variation of the zonal and meridional flows from Solar Cycle 23 to 25 derived with ring-diagram analysis applied to Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG) and Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) Dopplergrams. We focus mainly on the subsurface flows averaged over depths from 2.0 Mm to 11.6 Mm since their long-term variations are sufficiently similar. First, we examine their temporal variations for systematic artifacts. We find that the GONG-derived zonal flows increase almost linearly with time until about 2020, which we correct with a linear regression. Then we determine the average differences between the GONG- and HMI-derived flows. The average offset is 0.15 ± 0.53 m s−1 for the zonal flow and 0.65 ± 0.08 m s−1 for the meridional flow within ± 30.0 ∘ latitude. The average difference of the meridional flow is nearly constant with latitude in this range, whereas that of the zonal flow varies similarly to that of the magnetic activity. At latitudes of 45.0∘ and higher, the differences increase and are larger than those at lower latitudes, which is most likely due to the combined effect of different spatial resolution between GONG and HMI and geometric projection effects. Finally, we combine the GONG- and HMI-derived flows and find, as expected, that the solar-cycle variation is the dominant long-term variation. At each latitude within ± 30.0 ∘ , the meridional-flow pattern appears ahead of the zonal-flow pattern by an average lag of 0.926 ± 0.126 years. The equatorward and poleward branches of the solar-cycle variation occur at 52.5∘ with the poleward branches present near 60.0∘ and the equatorward ones at lower latitudes. The zonal flows at 52.5∘ and 60.0∘ show an additional trend and decrease by 2.9 ± 0. 3 m s−1 over 11 years. This decrease might nevertheless be related to the solar cycle and imply that the flow amplitudes are anticorrelated with the strength of the associated solar cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of DEPARCH Journal of Design Planning & Aesthetics Research is the property of DEPARCH Journal of Design Planning & Aesthetics Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A controversy about the possibility of dynamic effects in nuclear screening has been around for several decades. On the one hand, there is the claim that there are no dynamic effects and that the classic Salpeter correction based on static Debye screening is all that is needed for astrophysical applications. The size of the correction is on the order of 5% in typical solar fusion reactions. On the other hand, numerical simulations have shown that there is a dynamical effect, which essentially cancels the Salpeter correction. The results of the numerical simulations were later independently confirmed. The astrophysical community, however, has so far largely ignored the possibility of dynamical screening. The present paper is meant to serve as a reminder of the controversy. Not only does the claim of an absence of a dynamical effect equally warrant an independent confirmation, but there is motivation for further investigation, such as the assessment of current laboratory experiments and a quantitative study of the dynamical effect in case it will turn out to be real. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aging process is characterized by a decline in living abilities that can affect the physical and mental well-being of the elderly. The various problems experienced by the elderly require facilities that provide comfort and interior design that supports their physical and mental health. This study aims to analyze the relationship between physical health, psychological health, and space comfort in improving the quality of life of the elderly at the Elderly School of Happy Culture House (SLRBB) in Depok City. The research method used is a qualitative method with data collection techniques through interviews and observations. Data was also obtained through a review of literature relevant to the research topic. Analysis was conducted using triangulation techniques, where data from various sources were compared and put together to obtain more comprehensive results. The results showed that there is a mutually influential relationship between physical health, psychological health, and spatial comfort in the elderly. Good physical health allows the elderly to carry out activities independently, while positive psychological health supports mental well-being. Spatial comfort, including elderly-friendly interior design, increases safety and comfort, and creates a more supportive environment that improves the overall quality of life of the elderly. The implications of this study show the importance of creating a holistic environment for older adults, which not only focuses on physical health, but also psychological well-being and spatial comfort. This can be applied to various programs or facilities that aim to improve the quality of life of the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The JUpiter ICy moons Explorer (JUICE) of ESA was launched on 14 April 2023 and will arrive at Jupiter and its moons in July 2031. In this review article, we describe how JUICE will investigate the interior of the three icy Galilean moons, Ganymede, Callisto and Europa, during its Jupiter orbital tour and the final orbital phase around Ganymede. Detailed geophysical observations about the interior of the moons can only be performed from close distances to the moons, and best estimates of signatures of the interior, such as an induced magnetic field, tides and rotation variations, and radar reflections, will be obtained during flybys of the moons with altitudes of about 1000 km or less and during the Ganymede orbital phase at an average altitude of 490 km. The 9-month long orbital phase around Ganymede, the first of its kind around another moon than our Moon, will allow an unprecedented and detailed insight into the moon's interior, from the central regions where a magnetic field is generated to the internal ocean and outer ice shell. Multiple flybys of Callisto will clarify the differences in evolution compared to Ganymede and will provide key constraints on the origin and evolution of the Jupiter system. JUICE will visit Europa only during two close flybys and the geophysical investigations will focus on selected areas of the ice shell. A prime goal of JUICE is the characterisation of the ice shell and ocean of the Galilean moons, and we here specifically emphasise the synergistic aspects of the different geophysical investigations, showing how different instruments will work together to probe the hydrosphere. We also describe how synergies between JUICE instruments will contribute to the assessment of the deep interior of the moons, their internal differentiation, dynamics and evolution. In situ measurements and remote sensing observations will support the geophysical instruments to achieve these goals, but will also, together with subsurface radar sounding, provide information about tectonics, potential plumes, and the composition of the surface, which will help understanding the composition of the interior, the structure of the ice shell, and exchange processes between ocean, ice and surface. Accurate tracking of the JUICE spacecraft all along the mission will strongly improve our knowledge of the changing orbital motions of the moons and will provide additional insight into the dissipative processes in the Jupiter system. Finally, we present an overview of how the geophysical investigations will be performed and describe the operational synergies and challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines Sinya Okayama’s 1975-1979 interiors using cloth. By analyzing the 1975 coffee shop Mahoroba, the 1976 coffee shop Seiburu, and the 1976 beauty salon White House as examples, the study clarified the reasons for Okayama’s use of cloth for interior design and presented the historical significance of Okayama’s approach to interior design. First, Okayama used cloth in order to create an unusual space as an “object of light.” For him, cloth was a more suitable material for mediating light than the usual materials such as acrylic panels, glass, or metal. Second, the use of cloth for partitions, which are usually made of hard materials, and the printing of the three-dimensional patterns of mokumen (wood wool) and perforated plywood on cloth as two-dimensional images, showed that cloth can be used to create designs that play tricks on people’s assumptions about things. In these ways, Okayama brilliantly pioneered the use of cloth as a traditional material in the late 1970s to play a leading role in avant-garde experimental spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Geosul is the property of Geosul and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The sleeper train should be designed to facilitate passengers' states of relaxed wakefulness and relaxed alertness. In this context, employing color stimulation to induce a relaxed ambiance may be an effective approach. This study aims to determine the most effective color for creating a sense of relaxation in a sleeper train. The EEG Muse device has been employed to measure frontal alpha waves, while VR simulation has been utilized to immerse participants in the environment of a sleeper train. The results of this study indicate that warm colors, particularly red, elicited a higher level of relaxation compared to the other three colors tested, namely yellow, blue, and green. These findings suggest that incorporating red color virtually into the interior of the train car could enhance passengers' experience by fostering a higher sense of relaxation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the punching shear behavior of GFRP-RC interior slab–column connections. The parameters tested included the column–aspect ratio (1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0), perimeter-to-depth ratio for square column stubs with side lengths of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, and 0.7 m, and span-to-depth ratios of 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12. A review of the literature revealed that no previous study has investigated the effect of these parameters or their interactions on this type of connection. Numerically, twenty-five slabs were created using finite element (FE) software (V3), each with square dimensions of 2.5 m and a constant thickness of 0.2 m. The central column extended 0.3 m from the top and bottom of the slab. All four sides of the slabs were supported, and the specimens underwent pure static shear load testing. The test results demonstrated that all slabs failed due to punching shear. Increasing any parameter value reduced the punching shear stresses. Additionally, the results indicated that Canadian (CSA-S806-12) and Japanese (JSCE-97) standards for FRP-RC materials generally provided the closest predictions of punching shear capacity compared to the American guideline, ACI 440.1R-22. However, all standards exhibited shortcomings and require enhancement and modifications, particularly to consider the impact of the span-to-depth ratio. Therefore, three equations were developed to predict the shear strength of the connections, yielding better results than those prescribed by the North American and Japanese standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties of particleboards fabricated from Vernonia arborea Buch.-Ham and Eleocharis sp. fibers with PVAc adhesive based on the SNI 03-2105-2006. A two-factor factorial in completely randomized design was used with adhesive contents of 10% and 20% as the first, and ratios of V. arborea Buch.-Ham to Eleocharis sp. of 30/70, 50/50 and 70/30 as the second factor. The materials were V. arborea Buch.-Ham wood shaving (mesh size of 4), Eleocharis sp. (chop length of 1-2cm), and PVAc adhesive. The parameters were moisture content, density, water absorption, and thickness swelling for physical properties, and modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, internal bond strength, and screw holding strength for mechanical properties. However, both properties do not meet the SNI 03-2105-2006 (except for thickness swelling), allegedly caused by imprecise concentration and uneven distribution of PVAc. Additionally, 3h boiling of Eleocharis sp. is not able to remove its wax layer, causing less optimal adhesion between materials. Particleboard with 20% PVAc shows the best result. Principally, the adhesive concentration has significant effects, while the combination between V. arborea Buch.- Ham and Eleocharis sp. has insignificant effects on the physical and mechanical properties of particleboards. The evaluated composition is recommended for interior uses (partition walls, wall panels, information boards, and lightweight ceilings), with the addition of coating to improve durability and decorative value. As an additional material, Eleocharis sp. has a high sustainability value due to its availability in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Near Architecture is the property of Journal of Near East Architecture and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The standard image of First World War soldiers is of men in open trenches: waiting to attack or be attacked; walking, sitting, sleeping, dead. Ford's Parade's End includes such scenes. But it is a different kind of image which predominates in his war writings and often produces its most memorable passages: images of houses or house-like shelters. The mind seeks protection in such structures; but they offer little security against the destructiveness outside, against the bombardments, gas, shrapnel, bullets. Ford wrote that the experience of war revealed: 'men's dwellings were thin shells that could be crushed as walnuts are crushed. ... all things that lived and moved and had volition and life might at any moment be resolved into a scarlet viscosity seeping into the earth of torn fields [...]'. This realisation works in two ways. The soldier's sense of vulnerability provokes fantasies of home, solidity, sanctuary, while for the returnee soldier, domestic architecture summons war-visions of its own annihilation: 'it had been revealed to you', adds Ford, 'that beneath Ordered Life itself was stretched, the merest film with, beneath it, the abysses of Chaos'. It is now customary to read war literature through trauma theory. Building on analyses of Ford's use of repression, but drawing instead on object relations theory, I argue that Ford's houses of war are not screen memories but images of the failure of repression to screen off devastating experiences. The abysses of Chaos can be seen through the screen or projected upon it. Attending to Ford's handling of this theme enables a new reading of his war writing and a new case for its coherence. The essay will connect the opening of No More Parades (in a hut, during a bombardment) with the war poem 'The Old Houses of Flanders'; the postwar poem A House; the memoir It Was the Nightingale (quoted above); and the otherwise puzzling, fictionalised memoir No Enemy, structured in terms of 'Four Landscapes' and 'Certain Interiors'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Color has the function of conveying information and presenting psychological feelings. Different space colors are matched with 3D models to present different interior design styles. The interior space color is a 3D color expression. Psychological perception effects. The theme of this study is the color matching emotion of interior space design color, and the 3D model design and bedroom design experiment is used to study the emotional design elements and various emotional evaluations of 3D model design and bedroom color. It is divided into 2 experiments: Experiment 1, The most suitable 3D model design furniture experiment, test the most suitable 4 kinds of 3D model design samples. Experiment 2, Bedroom color suitability experiment, study the most suitable bedroom color, and finally experiment and analyze the results to determine the most suitable bedroom color design. The research results show that the most suitable bedroom room color design is Cream, followed by Dark gray, Baby blue, and Pale Denim. Although this study takes 3D model and bedroom as the experimental object, the results of the experiment have more theoretical and practical reference basis for the future color and furniture style design of other interior spaces, and provide reference directions for researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyprus with its rich cultural heritage has been the showcase of ornamentation throughout history with a rich variety of materials, details, and narratives. Integrating ornamentation with its body architecture can be seen as one of the storytellers of these narratives through design elements. After the mid-1990s when casinos had been banned in Turkey, five-star casino hotels became one of the main investment areas in North Cyprus. Together with this new building type and new users' expectations with a new understanding of holidays, the 21st century brought the changing use of ornamentation in hotel interiors and, hence, decoration came to the fore more than before. Hotel lobbies welcoming the users to their second homes and introducing the hotels' identities have always been seen as the most important area of hotels by investors, designers, and hotel managers. Sometimes the reception areas were perceived as the living room of the hotel customers where they feel attached culturally, socially, or economically, and sometimes it could be a place where they can feel themselves as one of the characters of ancient history, a king or a queen for a while. Hence, hotel interiors, in general, and hotel lobbies, in particular, acted as a cultural representative, a social status symbol, and a political image of the story told. The aim of this paper is to examine five-star hotel lobbies within the framework of ornamentation through a reading model created with the concepts used by theoreticians. Together with the site visits and visual recordings, the analysis conducted in this paper is based on qualitative data incorporated by a rich theoretical background on ornamentation. The paper tries to highlight the representational value of ornamentation that can help to understand and interpret the spatial transformation of hotel interiors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fundamental research inquiry in this study revolves around wood materials' diverse facets, including structural identities, contextual considerations, interior and external spatial applications, and their user experiences. To address this research, a comprehensive literature review, case study, and survey were conducted. The objective being to elucidate technical, functional, sensory, perceptual, and psychological impacts of wood in a sample structure where it is the primary material in the overarching user experience. The Odunpazarı Modern Museum (OMM), conceptualized by architect Kengo Kuma and inaugurated in 2019 in Eskişehir, stands as a testament to the historical significance of the timber trade in the region. The deliberate choice of wood as the primary construction material serves as a tribute to this historical narrative. The conspicuous incorporation of wooden lath materials into both the external and interior spaces signify a conscious reference to the region's historical heritage and aligns with sustainability principles in design. Factors such as form characteristics, dimensional distinctions, spatial arrangements, and the extent of surface interactions collectively contribute to the compelling effect of this integrative approach. Within the confines of the museum, unconventional partitioning is implemented, and the strategic arrangement of masses results in multiple facades, even in the absence of overt wooden surfaces. The exterior impact of the wooden shell complements its interior application. For this reason, OMM enabled the understanding and explanation of all dimensions of the wooden material, including physical, technical, and psychosocial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Observation of rotation variations and tides provides constraints on the interior properties of celestial bodies. Both can be precisely measured with a 6DoF (Degrees of Freedom) motion sensor placed on their surface. This type of instrument measures rotation rates and linear accelerations in a large frequency band, which includes the frequencies involved in the tides and rotation variations. A novel sensor under development aims to measure rates and accelerations with an amplitude spectral density of 2 μ rad s - 1 H z - 1 / 2 and 20 μ m s - 2 H z - 1 / 2 respectively in its compact version and three orders of magnitude better ( 5 nrad s - 1 H z - 1 / 2 and 10 pm s - 2 H z - 1 / 2 , respectively) with its high-performance version. Here, we compare these instrument performances with the precision required to measure rotation and tides in order to improve our knowledge of the interior of nine celestial bodies identified as targets for future space missions: Dimorphos, Phobos, Europa, Io, Titan, Enceladus, Triton, the Moon and Mars. Results indicate that Phobos, the Moon, and Mars cannot be investigated with the compact model, but that the interior of the other bodies can be constrained through measurements of rotation rate, and/or centrifugal acceleration, and/or tidal acceleration. We also find that the high-performance prototype instrument is suitable for acceleration measurements for all nine bodies, but not adequate for inferring interior constraints from rotation rate measurements for Triton, the Moon, and Mars. The signatures of the interior in the rotation rate and centrifugal and tidal accelerations also provide scientific requirements for future developments of 6DoF motion sensors for these nine bodies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides detailed information about the modern types of multidisciplinary sports facilities, their architecture and innovative solutions, as well as the requirements and proposals for modern sports facilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Online Journal of Art & Design is the property of Online Journal of Art & Design and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The dependence of the Rosseland Mean Opacity (RMO) on the equation of state and the number of included atomic levels of iron ions prevalent at the solar radiative/convection boundary is investigated. The 'chemical picture' Mihalas–Hummer–Däppen (MHD) equation-of-state (EOS), and its variant QMHD–EOS, are studied at two representative temperature–density sets at the base of the convection zone and the Sandia Z experiment: (2 × 106 K, 1023/cc) and (2.11 × 106 K, 3.16 × 1022/cc), respectively. It is found that whereas the new atomic data sets from accurate R-matrix calculations for opacities (RMOP) are vastly overcomplete, involving hundreds to over a thousand levels of each of the three Fe ions considered – Fe  xvii , Fe  xviii , Fe  xix – the EOS constrains contributions to RMOs by relatively fewer levels. The RMOP iron opacity spectrum is quite different from the Opacity Project distorted wave model and shows considerably more plasma broadening effects. This work points to possible improvements needed in the EOS for opacities in high-energy–density plasma sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Demographic changes, the growing number of people with disabilities, and the demands on architecture and design are posing new challenges for designers. The space in which older adults live should be safe, not only from a legal point of view but especially to facilitate their daily activities. Modern society prioritizes the integration of older adults into everyday life so that as people grow older, they are not forced to abandon their daily routines because of obstacles in the space. It is said that a person is not handicapped because of their illness, but because society fails to prepare conditions for them to be able to move and live without restrictions. Moving in space is a multisensory experience. People use most of their senses such as sight, hearing, smell, and touch in addition to moving their bodies. How we feel indoors depends on the indoor climate, lighting, surface colours, air quality, floor plan, and furniture layout. Studies show that the materials and colour of products have an impact on how we navigate a space, how we feel and, in some cases, they can even have healing effects. The aim of our study is to investigate the association between colours in the environment and the orientation of people, especially older adults, in the space they live in. Several studies, experiments, and observations of foreign researchers serve as the basis of the paper. The analysis of case studies proved that colours in the environment have a significant impact on orientation in space and can be an effective tool for spatial orientation and drawing attention to a particular place. In surveys that have been conducted with older adults, warm colour tones such as yellow, orange, and red are preferred over cold ones. Red tones are some of the most easily recognizable for older adults who suffer from loss of colour recognition. They have lower cognitive abilities as a result of aging. Therefore, the achromatic environment does not sufficiently stimulate their brain function, leading to longer reaction times. Colour and contrast indoors play a big role in the perception of space and can help in drawing attention to a particular place. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It takes the importance of idealism through its philosophical advancement of human thought and what is reflected in the fact that it represents a practical philosophy that can advance the interior design of interior spaces through some artistic patterns that base its data on the aspects and institutions that brought about the philosophy of idealism from its founding until the moment, and what distinguishes those cognitive treatments in A field that specializes in the functional, performance, and aesthetic components of interior spaces that are based on what idealism brought about in literature, art, and culture in general, and design in particular. Idealism elevates design thought towards the spirituality of ideals in its appearance applications and embodies multiple features that every recipient feels within the elements of the interior space. The concept of idealism is the most applied because it aims to create a good design form free of external defects, and the interior designer succeeded in combining design and technology. To create strong designs that express idealism and promote change, as every designer seeks to achieve perfection in simplicity in interior spaces, presenting the ideal style free of chaos and using modern techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let \mathcal {K} be the collection of all non-empty compact subsets of the unit cube [0,1]^d. Fixing any F_\sigma set F\subset [0,1]^d of Lebesgue measure zero and 0

Copyright of Al-Academy is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The icy moon Europa is a primary target for the study of ocean worlds. Its subsurface ocean is expected to be subject to asymmetries on global scales (tidal deformation) and local scales (chaos regions, fractures). Here, we investigate the possibility to magnetic sound local asymmetries by calculating the induced magnetic fields generated by a radially symmetric ocean and a small, spherical water reservoir between the ocean and Europa's surface. The consideration of two conductive bodies introduces non‐linear magnetic field coupling between them. We construct an analytical model to describe the coupling between two conductive bodies and calculate the induced fields within the parameter space of possible conductivity values and icy crust thicknesses. Given the plasma magnetic field perturbations, we find that a reservoir cannot be detected during a flyby at 25 km altitude using electromagnetic induction. Potential detection of liquid water reservoirs can be achieved by deploying magnetometers on Europa's surface, where one magnetometer is placed directly on the target region of interest and a second one in the nearby vicinity as reference to distinguish from global asymmetries. With this method, the smallest reservoir that can be detected has a radius of 8 km and a conductivity of 30 S/m. Larger reservoirs are resolvable at lower conductivities, with a 20 km reservoir requiring a conductivity of approximately 5 S/m. Plain Language Summary: Jupiter's icy moon Europa most likely harbors an ocean of liquid salt‐water underneath its icy surface. In addition, small reservoirs of liquid water might exist within Europa's icy crust at very shallow depths. Such features offer interesting target regions for future lander missions in the search for extraterrestrial life, for which Europa has been a primary target. One possibility to infer the ocean's properties is electromagnetic sounding. This method makes use of the magnetic fields induced by Jupiter's background field, which can be modeled and compared to magnetic field measurements performed by satellite missions. Here, we present a model in which we implement a local water reservoir between the surface and the ocean and calculate the magnetic fields that are induced in both reservoir and ocean. Here, we consider the electromagnetic coupling interaction that takes place between the two water bodies. We investigate if reservoirs can be detected in magnetic field measurements performed with the Europa Clipper spacecraft, as well as with magnetometers deployed on Europa's surface. The potential detection of liquid water reservoirs could provide insights into the processes inside Europa's icy shell, for example, the formation of chaos regions visible on Europa's surface. Key Points: An analytical model for the mutual self‐consistent induction of an ocean and a local, spherical water reservoir has been developedDuring a flyby at 25 km altitude, liquid water reservoirs within Europa's icy crust cannot be detected with magnetometer measurementsA reservoir can be detected with one magnetometer on the surface directly above the reservoir and a second surface magnetometer nearby [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The methods for reducing the observations from the 150-foot tower telescope on Mt. Wilson are reviewed, and a new method for determining the poleward and rotational velocity deviations is described and applied. The flows we study are smaller than global and change with the solar cycle, so we describe them as poleward and rotational deviations rather than meridional circulation when we discuss solar surface flows. Due to a calibration problem with the data prior to 1983, only observations between 1983 and 2013 are presented at this time. After subtraction of latitude-dependent averages over the 30-year period of observation, the residual deviations in both the poleward and the rotational velocity are well synchronized and correspond to what is widely recognized as torsional oscillations. Both flow components need to be included in any model that replicates the torsional oscillations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study large-scale subsurface flows associated with locations of high and low magnetic activity in the near-surface shear layer (NSSL). The flows were derived with ring-diagram analysis applied to Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) Dopplergrams using 30∘ tiles. The zonal and meridional flows of the high- and low-activity subsets show the expected variation with the solar cycle with the low-activity subset showing flow precursors of cycle activity. We then focus on temporal averages of these flows. The average zonal flow of the high-activity subset is faster than that of the low-activity one at 0∘ and 15∘, while they are about the same size at 30∘ latitude. The amplitudes of the average meridional flow of the high-activity subset is smaller than those of the low-activity one at 30∘ and comparable at 15∘ latitude. The differences between the high- and low-activity subsets indicate the contribution of active regions to the flow pattern. The extra zonal flow of active regions increases with increasing depth, while the extra meridional flow converges near locations of activity. The converging flow is strongest at depths less than about 5 Mm, decreases with increasing depth, and is rather constant at depths greater than about 10 Mm. We then calculate the radial gradients of both flow components and find that those of the high-activity subset are generally more negative than those of the low-activity one. The extra radial gradients of active regions are about the same for both flow components, while the radial gradient of the zonal flow is about one order of magnitude larger than that of the meridional flow. Finally, we determine the radial extent of the NSSL using the radial gradient of the zonal flow and find that the NSSL extends to about 29 Mm at high-activity locations compared to 35 Mm at low-activity ones, or to about 83% of its depth at low-activity locations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Galileo mission to Jupiter revealed that Europa is an ocean world. The Galileo magnetometer experiment in particular provided strong evidence for a salty subsurface ocean beneath the ice shell, likely in contact with the rocky core. Within the ice shell and ocean, a number of tectonic and geodynamic processes may operate today or have operated at some point in the past, including solid ice convection, diapirism, subsumption, and interstitial lake formation. The science objectives of the Europa Clipper mission include the characterization of Europa's interior; confirmation of the presence of a subsurface ocean; identification of constraints on the depth to this ocean, and on its salinity and thickness; and determination of processes of material exchange between the surface, ice shell, and ocean. Three broad categories of investigation are planned to interrogate different aspects of the subsurface structure and properties of the ice shell and ocean: magnetic induction, subsurface radar sounding, and tidal deformation. These investigations are supplemented by several auxiliary measurements. Alone, each of these investigations will reveal unique information. Together, the synergy between these investigations will expose the secrets of the Europan interior in unprecedented detail, an essential step in evaluating the habitability of this ocean world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of the artwork and interior of artist Carl Siegmund Walther's home in Tallinn during the early 19th century. The author analyzes six drawings that depict gatherings of literati and were recorded in handwritten protocols. Walther, who married into a wealthy family and became a private art tutor, was involved in the local social life and joined the Isis Freemason's lodge. The article explores the studio views of Walther's home, focusing on the large windows, plastered ceilings adorned with intricate ornaments, and the central painting titled "The Descent from the Cross." The author also discusses the religious symbolism present in Walther's drawings and the arrangement of artwork in the home, providing insight into the artistic and cultural milieu of the time. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of DEPARCH Journal of Design Planning & Aesthetics Research is the property of DEPARCH Journal of Design Planning & Aesthetics Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The long‐wavelength gravity and topography of Venus are dominated by mantle convective flows, and are hence sensitive to the planet's viscosity structure and mantle density anomalies. By modeling the dynamic gravity and topography signatures and by making use of a Bayesian inference approach, we investigate the viscosity structure of the Venusian mantle by constraining radial viscosity variations. We performed inversions under a wide range of model assumptions that consistently predicted the existence of a thin low‐viscosity zone in the uppermost mantle. The zone is about 235 km thick and has a viscosity reduction of 5–15 times with respect to the underlying mantle. Drawing a parallel with the Earth, the reduced viscosity could be a result of partial melting as suggested for the origin of the asthenosphere. These results support the interpretation that Venus is a geologically active world predominantly governed by ongoing magmatic processes. Plain Language Summary: On Venus, convective up and downwellings in the mantle are intrinsically linked to density variations in the interior. The manner in which the planet is deformed by these mantle flows depends upon its viscosity, and this in turn affects the gravity and topography signals that were recorded by orbiting spacecraft. We tested a large range of model parameters that describe the mantle viscosity on Venus and retrieved the viscosity structure that is compatible with the observations. Our results indicate the presence of a low viscosity zone beneath the Venusian lithosphere in the uppermost mantle. In this region, the viscosity is one order of magnitude smaller than that of the underlying mantle. Starting at a depth of about 80 km and extending over about 235 km, this low viscosity zone could reflect the presence of partial melting and, similarly to the Earth, an asthenosphere on Venus. The presence of partial melt in the interior of Venus supports recent observations of a volcanically active planet and holds major implications for present‐day magmatic activity. Key Points: The long‐wavelength gravity and topography of Venus are investigated in the spectral domain using a dynamic loading modelBayesian inference constraints on the mantle viscosity structure indicate the existence of a low viscosity zone in the upper mantleThe low viscosity zone is potentially associated with partial melting beneath the lithosphere [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magic box with built-in mirrors makes part of its interior disappear through the redistribution of appearances. This box on the stage is a metaphor for contemporary life, being in the spotlight of the public, yet striving to conceal its secrets. By veiling certain spaces with the appearance of the surrounding environment, the mirrored magic box resolves the conflict between the pursuit of transparency and the emphasis on privacy within modern interiors. This paper explores a series of contemporary interior designs featuring mirrors, elucidating the potential of mirrors in addressing the tensions between the public and private, the interior and exterior, and in hiding while implying the secrets behind modern life. It further argues that these spatial concepts of the mirror can be traced back to the modern masters Adolf Loos and Le Corbusier, who pioneered the creative use of mirrors in dealing with threshold spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the study is to analyse the scientific literature to update the problems associated with the study of the symbolism of flowers and its interpretations. The methodology of the work is based on comparative historical and comparative typological methods, which make it possible to establish the complexity and ramifications of the problem of colour symbolism; The cognitive approach made it possible to identify the dependence of the use of interpretive capabilities of colour symbolism on the formation of the emotional component for the disclosure of contents and associations. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the addition of scientific literature with new studies of colour symbolism. Conclusions. Based on the study of scientific literature, it is possible to determine the relevance of problems associated with the symbolism of flowers and its specificity. Acquaintance with the works of scientists (P. Zholtovsky, A. Kondratyuk, A. Lopukhina, L. Milyaev, F. Umantsev) made it possible to determine the directions of research of the monument and the lack of works on the symbolism of flowers in the painting of the temple. The scientific works of V. Ovsiychuk and M. Pastoureau became the basis of the theory and history of the study of flowers. The timeliness of the research is confirmed by the developments of foreign institutions and scholars, in particular, the problem of: colour psychology (H. Brem); colour theory (M. Oswald, Weingarten University of Education, German Colour Centre, University of Halle-Wittenberg); global visual communication by colour (T. Fassati). During the heyday of Baroque art, the masters of the Lavra art school used the symbolism of flowers in a new way in the ensemble of paintings of the Trinity Gate Church. Mysticism prevails in the picturesque palette of the church. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Graduate School of Natural & Applied Sciences of Mehmet Akif Ersoy University / Mehmet Akif Ersoy Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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Copyright of Anadolu University Journal of Art & Design / Sanat & Tasarım is the property of Anadolu University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We prove that for two connected sets $E,F\subset \mathbb {R}^2$ with cardinalities greater than $1$ , if one of E and F is compact and not a line segment, then the arithmetic sum $E+F$ has nonempty interior. This improves a recent result of Banakh et al. ['The continuity of additive and convex functions which are upper bounded on non-flat continua in $\mathbb {R}^n$ ', Topol. Methods Nonlinear Anal. 54 (1)(2019), 247–256] in dimension two by relaxing their assumption that E and F are both compact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This study examines the literature on improving the low performance of Savonius wind turbines, which are a type of vertical axis wind turbine. The literature studies on improving the performance of Savonius turbines have been summarized into two categories: interior structural design and exterior additional design. Due to the extensive nature of studies focusing on interior design changes, this research primarily focuses on performance studies related to exterior design modifications of Savonius wind turbines, particularly in recent years. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive examination of these performance studies and contribute to the existing literature by presenting a systematic reference on this issue. To achieve this objective, a thorough review of turbine exterior design studies has been conducted. The focus was on determining the percentage increase in power coefficient achieved by turbines with exterior design modifications compared to the classical turbine versions. Here, it has been determined that the power coefficient values of Savonius wind turbines can reach approximately 0.400 through interior design changes. However, with the implementation of additional exterior design modifications, these power coefficient values can be further increased to around 0.520. Thus, within the scope of this study, it has been determined that the turbine power coefficients show a fairly good increase with exterior design techniques compared to interior design techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien. Serie A is the property of Naturhistorisches Museum in Wien and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)