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The neurocognitive mechanisms underlying self-determined motivation have been examined from the perspectives of both PSI and SDT [e.g., Ryan ([30]), Quirin et al. ([29]), and Koole et al. ([13])]. 10.1002/per.2295 29 Quirin, M., Tops, M., Kuhl, J., (2019). Research within SDT has similarly sought to understand the neurocognitive substrates of volitional motivation and existing studies suggest some points of overlap with PSI theory (Ryan and Deci, [32]). J. Indiv. Diff. 39, 1-17. 10.1027/1614-0001/a000244 28 Quirin, M., Robinson, M. D., Rauthmann, J. F., Kuhl, J., Read, S. J., Tops, M., (2020). [Extracted from the article]

Over the last few decades, most personality psychology research has been focused on assessing personality via scores on a few broad traits and investigating how these scores predict various behaviours and outcomes. This approach does not seek to explain the causal mechanisms underlying human personality and thus falls short of explaining the proximal sources of traits as well as the variation of individuals' behaviour over time and across situations. On the basis of the commonalities shared by influential process‐oriented personality theories and models, we describe a general dynamics of personality approach (DPA). The DPA relies heavily on theoretical principles applicable to complex adaptive systems that self‐regulate via feedback mechanisms, and it parses the sources of personality in terms of various psychological functions relevant in different phases of self‐regulation. Thus, we consider personality to be rooted in individual differences in various cognitive, emotional–motivational, and volitional functions, as well as their causal interactions. In this article, we lay out 20 tenets for the DPA that may serve as a guideline for integrative research in personality science. © 2020 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: willpower; volition; integrative self-knowledge; self-determination; personality systems interactions theory EN willpower volition integrative self-knowledge self-determination personality systems interactions theory N.PAG N.PAG 1 05/08/21 20210505 NES 210505 In the original article, there is a redundant heading at the start of the text that reads: I EFFORTLESS WILLPOWER? THE INTEGRATIVE SELF AS A NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL SYSTEM FACILITATING EFFORTLESS WILLPOWER THROUGH SELF-DETERMINED REGULATION i This heading should be removed from the article. Willpower, volition, integrative self-knowledge, self-determination, personality systems interactions theory. [Extracted from the article]