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In traditional quantile credibility models, it is typically assumed that claims are independent across different risks. Nevertheless, there are numerous scenarios where dependencies among insured individuals can emerge, thereby breaching the independence assumption. This study focuses on examining the quantile credibility model and extending some established results within the context of an equal correlation structure among risks. Specifically, we compute the credibility premiums for both homogeneous and inhomogeneous cases utilizing the orthogonal projection method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a major source of greenhouse gases, energy generation poses a threat to modern civilization; however, it also holds some of the remedies to the climate change problem. Hydroelectricity generation and renewable electricity generation produce relatively less carbon dioxide and ensure sustainability. China is the largest producer and consumer of hydropower in the world. In this context, this study revisits the nexus of hydropower generation, trade, urbanization, economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in China using the novel QARDL approach. The use of QARDL is warranted to explain the heterogeneous effects of factors affecting environmental degradation at distinct quantile levels. Findings revealed that EKC is valid, urbanization worsens while trade and hydropower generation mitigates environmental degradation. The study calls for effective policies to enhance investment in hydropower generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discusses the basic purpose of external debt: to finance poverty alleviation and bring progress in a country in a time of crisis rather than increase the burden on the economy. Several empirical studies explored the concept of optimal debt, but they often assume a particular nonlinear specification. This study examines the impact of long run and short run external debt on the living standard for selected 23 high indebted Asian countries for the time period 1980–2020. The quadratic effects of external debt are assessed using the Two-Step Panel Quantile ARDL model. This model controls the unobserved heterogeneity, serial correlation, miss-specification and non-normality to ensure robust debt effect on living standards. This study reveals diminishing returns in external debt, whereby debt will be harmful to the standard of living beyond the estimated threshold. The estimated model also proposes that small and effective debt-based policy interventions are beneficial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the new era of Chinese economy stepping toward high‐quality development, with the enhancement of the public environmental protection awareness and continuous improvement of technological innovation level, it is of great significance to study how technological innovation reduces water contamination against unofficial environmental regulations, which is also the primary task of construction of ecological civilization. The purpose of this paper is to study the contribution of technological innovation to water pollution intensity at different quantile levels and to test the nonlinear relationship between technological innovation and water pollution emission intensity under informal environmental pollution. On the basis of the provincial panel data of China from 2002 to 2018, the model of quantile and panel threshold was constructed to empirically analyze the structural mutation and threshold effects of technological innovation on the intensity of water pollution in China against the environment of informal environmental regulation. The study found that the marginal effects of technological innovation on the intensity of water pollution in China had undergone structural changes. Under different water pollution intensity, technological innovation can reduce pollution between 0.167% and 0.415%; with informal environmental regulation as the threshold variable, when the intensity of informal environmental regulation is less than the threshold value of 0.2168, technological innovation has a significant inhibitory effect on China's water pollution intensity, and when the intensity of informal environmental regulation exceeds the threshold value, the mitigation effect of technological innovation on China's water pollution intensity is more significant. The inhibition effect of technological innovation on water pollution emission intensity changed from 0.437 to 0.474. Therefore, when formulating environmental pollution policies, local governments should make rational use of informal environmental regulations and technological innovation, improve the informal environmental regulation system, and promote water pollution control with science and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper considers a linear model with grouped explanatory variables. If the model errors are not with zero mean and bounded variance or if model contains outliers, then the least squares framework is not appropriate. Thus, the quantile regression is an interesting alternative. In order to automatically select the relevant variable groups, we propose and study here the adaptive group LASSO quantile estimator. We establish the sparsity and asymptotic normality of the proposed estimator in two cases: fixed number and divergent number of variable groups. Numerical study by Monte Carlo simulations confirms the theoretical results and illustrates the performance of the proposed estimator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different from classical Bühlmann and Bühlmann Straub credibility models in which independence between different risks are assumed, this paper takes dependence between risks into consideration and extends the classical Bühlmann model by introducing a common stochastic shock element. What is more, instead of relying on complete information of historical data, we aim to derive the premium using quantile of the available data. By the method of linear regression, we manage to obtain the quantile credibility premium with common effects. Our result is the generalization of existing results in credibility theory. Both quantile credibility model proposed by Pitselis (2013) and credibility premium for models with dependence induced by common effects obtained by Wen et al. (2009) are special cases of our model. Numerical simulations are also presented to illustrate the impact of quantile credibility with common effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]